1. ARTHUR JOSIAH PARKES

AM04/03

Born: 17/12/1890^BC at and father's address: Walsall Rd, Willenhall,
Father William Edmund, mother Elizabeth (formerly Fryer).
Father's occupation: hardware merchant.
(Birth Cert: registered 3/2/1891 Wolverhampton 6b 643, March 1891).
Died: at the Manor House, Oaken, Wolverhampton, 11/1/1968. Service at Codsall Church.

Married: 14/4/1915, Ethel Ann Lister at the Wesleyan Union St, Willenhall, witnessed by both sets of parents and Gladys.

Granted Arms 5 March 1963 (Antony Maitland also had Arms Granted, the design based in AJ’s):
"Sable on a Fess between three Stag's heads erased Or collared a Stafford Knot Vert between two Acorns proper."
with a crest on a wreath of the Colours in front of a rising Sun a Squirrel sejant on a Tree stump all proper.

AJ Parkes abt 1913 AJ Parkes about 1965

     This story of AJ Parkes is a mixture of my memories and of documents found at the Dower House, where the Maitlands lived in Oaken, after Rosemary (Parkes) Maitland’s death in 2004.
     Arthur Josiah Parkes, universally known as “AJ”, was a constant figure in our (myself & Lindley) lives. His daughter, Rosemary visited him frequently after Granny died in 1951. One delightful story is of the day when Rosemary made a phone call to him one afternoon (in those days, Codsall was a manual exchange: to make a call you picked up the phone until a voice said “number please”); when she asked for Codsall 14, the operator said “if you want Colonel Parkes, he is having tea with Mrs Smith”!
     AJ was brought up as a Methodist (he gave his daughter, Rosemary, a Methodist bible for her birthday 14 June 1927) and were married in the Wesleyan Chapel in Willenhall. In the 1930’s they changed over to the Established Church, Ethel being confirmed in 1935. AJ became actively involved in the Codsall Parish, as a Church Warden and a long time member of Codsall Parochial Church Council, and a member of the Lichfield Diocesan Board of Finance in 1965, retiring in 1967. He commissioned a window at Codsall Parish Church to his wife after her death in 1951. Lindley & I used to go to Sunday service with him when as children – I remember him slipping us half a crown (2/6 = 12.5p) to put in the collection and Lindley remembers Grandpa complimenting her on wearing a nice cheerful red coat in church and passing her peppermints.
     AJ was a patriot, there was a flag pole at the Manor House, and the Union Jack was flown on suitable days. He believed in buying British: at the works, all vehicles had to be British: that did not include Vauxhall (General Motors) of Fords! He had a Bristol 401 and 2 Alvis’s! Of course he did his bit by his very active foreign sales work for JP&S.
     AJ was born on Walsall Rd, Willenhall, but the family soon moved to Bank Street, where AJ remained until at least 1911. His father and uncles were by then on the way to developing what became the Union brand of locks. Some school reports show him to have been at Bishop Vesey’s School in Sutton Coldfield in 1903/5: after there, he went on to Tettenhall College. He was then apprenticed as a civil engineer to Richard Willoughby Berrington in Wolverhampton 11/11/1907 (for 200 gns paid by WEP). He completed the 3 years on October 1910, and remained with the Berrington firm until at least March 1912, having passed exams to be an associate member of the Institute.
     He left the firm soon afterwards, joining the Army, and was commissioned 21/6/1913 in the Royal Engineers, serving at Chatham (in M Coy, RE, ref photo) and Woolwich. Here he was able to ride horses: he was a keen horseman, although it is not apparent if this was a product of the Army, or he had already started. He encouraged both his daughters to ride, much to the discomfort of Rosemary who was violently allergic to horses, a problem inherited by his grand-daughter, Lindley!
     Come 1914, AJ was mobilised on the 4^th August, the day war was declared; he embarked for France 10 days later. He came through the conflict relatively unscathed, having served in the Engineers in France and later in Italy in the campaign against the Austrians. He was awarded the MC in 1915, but unfortunately the full citation is not one of the 10% preserved from that conflict. As late as 1925, AJ held a reserve commission as a Captain in the Engineers. AJ’s WW1 career is described in detail in a later section.
     AJ came home on (sick) leave in February 1915: while home he married Ethel Lister in April of that year. He had a short period of home service but was soon back at war in France and then Italy. His letters home, shown later, give a flavour of their life during the Great War. His Great War service is described in a later part in this story.
    Communications from the front were, as to be expected, by letter. We found a few in the Dower House collection, the text of which is shown later. An early letter after embarkation to Ethel shows the censor’s efforts (as do some of Rosemary’s letters a generation later from Egypt). There a few standardised post cards, pre-printed with optional news items to be ticked off!

The Inter-War Years:

     When his father, WE Parkes, died in 1920 AJ left the regular army and joined his brother Cyril (who had been expected to run the works alone) in JP&S. He and Cyril ran the works, with Cyril as Chairman until his death, after which, AJ became Chairman of JP&S 1964-67 and a director of Chubb and Sons 1966-67, retiring 31/3/1967 after 47 years, leaving directions that Will Egar should be Executive Chairman of JP&S, and DSM & EC Fryer (his cousin) should be joint MD's. A brief description on the Works and AJ’s involvement is given a little later in this story. For more information about Josiah Parkes & Sons , see their separate volumes.

    After the 1918 Armistice, he lived briefly in Prees Heath, Cheshire (while still in the Army) before moving to 11 Parkdale, Wolverhampton, and then to the Manor House (Oaken, Wolverhampton) in 1929, which he rented before buying it later; the rent in 1942 was £695. He bought the Manor House from the estate of R.M. Shelton in July/August 1945 for £5500, including 13 acres and a small cottage, "The Thatch"[1]. The Shelton family owned much of Oaken up to the 2nd War. He continued to live at the Manor House after Ethel's death until he died, being looked after by his cook Mrs Jones (the widow of a miner killed in a major pit disaster in Wrexham in the 1930's) and later by another couple, Mr. & Mrs. Saxby. He had a gardener, "Butters" who lived in cottage on the property. When his daughters were young, the house had a cook, 2 maids, "Nanny", who lived with them until her death during the War, and Butters.
     The Manor House is a Georgian house with a Victorian service extension. It has a large garden and the major part of the additional land is grazing land to the west. AJ made a major change to the house, moving the front entrance from the east front to the north. AJ was a keen and knowledgeable gardener. It had a dip in one part, always known as the Pithole (the name a relict from the Lister mining family). Out of site of the house was a yard, originally stables, but then used for cars. Lindley remembers (2021) the horses tack in the stables – DSM used some of the old reins on the rocking horse at High Elms. I think there were also a couple of saddles. As a child, I was always fascinated by the petrol pump in one garage: apparently, AJ had this filled at the beginning of WW2. When rationing became tighter, he had the anticipation of a private supply. Unfortunately, when the time came to tap the supply, it was found the tank had sprung a leak...
     AJ was an inveterate traveller, a characteristic he passed on to subsequent generations. His passports (from 1922-1955, with later lists from postcards) show many trips, an early one being to Holland and Belgium in 1921, Norway and Belgium in 1923, Italy in March 1927, and Germany & Poland later the same year, flying to Warsaw, with a view to looking at the Polish market: he put a proposal together for a joint manufacturing venture with a local group. This did not go ahead: a report by the JP&S accountants was very discouraging! In view of the events some 12 years later, it was a good thing they did not! Holland again in 1932, these were probably mostly for business. Ethel only seems to have been on the 1927 one. Although not identifiable from AJ’s passport, there is a photograph dated 1930 in his album of him boarding an Armstrong Whitworth Argosy, which was operated by Imperial airways - pretty advanced mode of transport.
     He and Ethel made a trip round Africa in 1933/34, the voyage was business for AJ: one result was the establishment of the Works’s largest overseas subsidiary in Johannesburg. Ethel’s letters to the children give a good story to the trip. AJ took some 9.5mm cine film of the trip. They returned on the Arundel Castle, landing at Southampton 9 April 1934. The Manor House had a number of African souvenirs, shields and the like, presumably from this trip.
   Their trips continued on in the 1930’s, to France in the summer of 1934, and Spain in February 1935, and what must have been an interesting trip through Germany and Austria to the Balkans, returning via Venice. They went as a family to Bretaye in Switzerland, skiing in 1937: there are photographs of this trip in Rosemary’s album[i] of the time, showing them with the Hutchinson Smiths, close neighbours in Oaken. The last pre-war one was to Northern Italy, maybe to revisit where they had spent AJ’s leave in September 1918. Ethel had managed to find her way to meet AJ as nurse during the late stages of the war. They stayed in Stresa on Lake Maggiore. Their daughter, Rosemary must have been conceived there – it was the only time AJ & Ethel met at the appropriate time!
    After the 2^nd war, they made several more holiday trips, to Switzerland in June 1947, and again in March 1949, perhaps to meet up with Bunch and Peter at the end of the ski season. Ethel’s last holiday was by air to Algeria, via Paris.
     During the 1950s, AJ made a number of long haul flights round the world: as a boy, I remember the fascination of receiving (illegible) post cards from exotic parts of the world - good for stamp collections!. Later in this paper, there are some of his descriptions of these journeys, which were mostly for business.
     AJ continued travelling until shortly before he died, his last major trip being to Moscow & Leningrad in 1966. This he wrote up as a diary, which is transcribed with reasonable accuracy later. His writing was always difficult to read, as us grandchildren remember! The only people who could read it were my mother and his secretary, Miss Partridge. His views on Russia were mixed, he did not enjoy it much: egalitarianism was not for AJ. One of his sayings I remember was that you should always go to places is only to say you did not like them!
     As well as the more exotic travels, the family in the 1930’s went to the Welsh coast for more traditional bucket & spade holidays, and days out to various local sites, as are shown in contemporary photograph albums.
     Until 1957, we, the Maitlands, lived on the other side of Codsall, perhaps a couple of miles away from the Manor House. Then we moved into Oaken, and were in walking distance, so saw a lot more of AJ, particularly as he had a television (there is a photograph of all the family in the drawing room at the Manor House to watch the Coronation in June 1953 – The TV was a cabinet with a small screen in the middle). We, the children, used to walk down to watch the children’s programmes which, I think, started about 5 (before then there was only a test card transmitted). There were only 2 channels, BBC & ITV, although I only remember the BBC: I suspect that AJ disapproved of the Commercial channel! We often had Sunday lunch there, which my parents found trying, as they would have preferred to be gardening at home! AJ was firm about meal times: 7.30 pm for dinner was much too early for the Maitland grown-ups!
     Christmas and Easter were alternated between Oaken and Worplesdon with the Waddells. Occasionally, AJ came down to Surrey for Christmas, when even as a child I was aware that the atmosphere was not quite as care free as it was when the grandparent generation was not there. My memories of AJ are of an indulgent grand parent. When at Oaken, the Waddells would stay at the Manor House, and us Maitlands at home the other end of the village. Angela remembers one Christmas when she had the biggest present under the tree, AJ saying to her that she would find the best presents came in small packages (diamonds!).
     The Waddells came up to Oaken fairly frequently while Carol Ann & Angela were still at Acton Reynald school near Shrewsbury: during the Suez crisis petrol rationing, the Maitlands took over taking the girls out for weekends. In return, when I was at school in Surrey (1954-64), my parents stayed with the Waddells for my days out.
      Although born into the closing 10 years of the Victorian era, AJ was not typical of that bygone time, at heart, he was an engineer and industrialist: his family had risen from small beginnings to successful business men. Ethel’s Lister family had also risen probably further from illiterate coal miners in Broseley to similarly eminent inhabitants of Willenhall (her grandfather William Lister kept a pub in Willenhall and his death in 1884 from “apoplexy not violence” suggests someone known for being rowdy; was he fighting in the pub the night before?!).
      AJ encouraged daughter Rosemary to go to Cambridge, a very unusual thing for a woman of her day. He was much liked in the area, he and Ethel were very active socially: her letters to Egypt during WW2 catalogue their social gatherings, often sherry parties. This explains the huge number of sherry glasses we still have in the family! These letters give an insight into war time life in what was then semi rural Codsall. There is a marvellous description of VE day at the end of the war in Europe: the Parkes’s had given up waiting for the radio announcement and had retired to bed. They were woken by the village coming up the drive singing, and cheering Col Parkes. The letters between Ethel & Rosemary after Hiroshima make more sombre reading.
     When the Maitlands returned from Egypt in March 1946, Donald started immediately at Parkes’s. He was more fortunate than many demobbed servicemen, having a house and job to return to. AJ had bought them a house in Codsall (High Elms): it sounds as though on return, AJ said to them, the house is in Mill lane, here are the keys and I will see you at work on Monday! Rosemary’s later letters from Egypt talk a lot about the arrangements for Donald at the works and the house.
     Rosemary used to say that AJ had bought High Elms in recognition that Bunch & her children had lived for free at the Manor House throughout the war. Bunch did live at the Manor House for much of the WW2 while Peter was away in the Army; both Carol Ann & Angela were born there. She also spent some time with her Waddell in laws at Lytham St Ann.
     AJ wanted Donald to start as a director, but Donald refused and said he wanted to learn the business first. He did become a director and eventually Chairman, but always said he enjoyed the time as Engineering Director best. An indication of the level of qualifications in small engineering companies at the time was that Donald was early on the only Engineering Graduate in the entire UK lock industry. Should I have ever wished to go to Parkes’s, my father always said he would send me to a competitor to learn the trade. He knew what it was like to come in as the MD’s son-in-law!
      He was a patriot and believer in “Great Britain”. I remember the Union Jack flying from the flag pole at the Manor House from time to time; the prohibition on foreign cars at the works was a symptom of this and a fierce hatred of anything to do with Japan.
      AJ was always an enthusiastic sportsman, riding to hounds and playing tennis in his younger day. Family photographs show him looking sporting and swimming on summer holidays. In later life he was a demon croquet player, playing for the County. He even went pheasant shooting with Lord Dartmouth, and a comment in a letter showed his concern about doing the right thing. He bought a pair of hammer action 12 bore shotguns at the outbreak of war: as I told a friend of mine in a bar in Germany “to shoot the Germans with” – Colin reminded me of where I was! I, Antony, still shoots with one of these in 2021. They are not antiques, and are Birmingham guns from the 1930’s.
     Another great attraction at the Manor House for me was the .38 Webley revolver which AJ had kept from the war, in a nice wooden case, complete with ammunition. As a great treat, I was occasionally allowed to try it out in the garden. It was, I think, unlicensed: my father had to do some fast talking after AJ died to dispose of it!
     AJ had several classic British cars: a 3 litre Rover before the war and a Bristol 502, & later 2 Alvis's. My mother borrowed the Bristol to go to see Bunch in Surry, and came back having done 100 mph on the dual carriageway between Oxford and Woodstock (the only bit then on the journey) – AJ said “well done”! Like many of his generation and background, he was a patriot and would not allow any non British cars (incl Fords) at JP&S! Fortunately for his peace of mind, the now ubiquitous Japanese car manufacturers had not really surfaced in the 1960’s.
     The Manor House had the usual complement of animals: AJ had 2 black Scotties, Bertie & Bunny and a Corgi. There was a long haired Tabby, Victor – born at the end of the war, hence the name. During the war, they kept pigs which were killed for meat, supplementing the ration. There is the awful story in Ethel’s letters to Egypt leading up to Christmas and anticipating the hams, bacon & pork - a Christmas feast: the next letter recounts the animal being slaughtered, only to find it had TB and was not fit for human consumption and had to be destroyed! The Maitlands continued the process and kept a pig at High Elms. I remember the hams being salted in the cellar.
     AJ never remarried after Ethel died. Some of his letters (or diaries) of his travels spoke of feeling lonely (I sympathise with him). He must have missed Ethel terribly. One of his regular friends was Hilda Hutchinson Smith (“Aunt Hilda”), who lived almost next door in Oaken, widow of Major Kenneth Hutchinson Smith, who was an architect of some note, and their daughter Diana was a life long friend of Rosemary’s. He did try to remarry once....
     AJ met in 1961 Helen Salzman via some friends called Foster, Helen and her daughter Ginny were touring England and met AJ in Wales[2] and were “taken with each other”. They came back to Oaken and got to know AJ; the Salzman’s returned home in September and AJ went to New York, presumably to see Helen in October 1961, I remember him talking about New York and being taken to see a historic church, built after AJ’s birth!
    Helen was of 1818 Oliver Avenue South, Minneapolis[3]. He proposed marriage to her and 5^th September 1962, sent her a gift of 5 cut, un-mounted diamonds (value for customs £1078, 23K 2019), which she returned to him – he was too late. He gave the stones to his grand-daughter, Carol Ann, and gave Antony the equivalent cash. Carol Ann had met her and said she was a nice woman. A newspaper extract has her marrying George Fullerton, 1/12/1962 in Minnesota, she was born abt 1910, divorced 10/7/1978), Helen was the widow of General Elmer Salzmann[4]. Her daughter Ginny remembered AJ with fondness as a charming man when I spoke to her in 2021!
    He was an accomplished amateur artist, exhibiting his work at some exhibitions. He specialised in still life and house and gardens. I am not aware of his ever painting people. He evidently did not like change in the scene – he got cross with cows in the field when painting the Dower House from the field. Harry Tuner was his tutor – ELM lent Turner’s painting of the Manor House 1959 to a Memorial Exhibition of his work in the autumn of 1981 (exhibit 39 not illustrated). In the catalogue he is confusingly called Tim Turner[5] in the blurb about him!

One of his still life paintings of a table in the Smoke Room at the Manor House with cut-outs of AJP in hunting pink (ELM has it) and Bunchie? In black – Angy has that one – yellow anglepoise desk lamp & blue glass goblet (LM has that). Labels on back of picture show Royal Academy Exhibition entry 1964 - AJ Parkes - An Interior Reference 2573. James Bourlet & Sons Framers - and presumably delivered by them to the exhibition.
His last painting was of the Baldwin’s house near Odiham, Ash Barn: it was still wet when AJ died.

     AJ was appointed Deputy Lieutenant for Staffordshire 4/7/1944, and Justice of the Peace 4/10/1944. Lindley thinks that Mick JaggerA3M remembers being taken to the Quarter Sessions in Stafford in the 1950's - not very exiting for a young lad! Member of Seisdon Rural District Council 1946/7 for the parish of Codsall (won by 525 votes to 437 & 236 for the competition).

From Sue Poulson^{^[ii]}, one time librarian in Codsall now resident in Telford (6/2005):
Some of my memories of your grandfather - every Christmas he used to bring a tin of Huntley & Palmer biscuits to the Staff at the library. He wore a camel hair overcoat with leather cuffs. He read history and military history. When my husband serviced the Alvis he gave him 3d as a tip!

Business life:
     Although AJ had expected to remain as a regular Army Officer, his father’s failing health and death in 1920 led to a plan change when he left the regular Army and joined his brother at Parkes’s: the Works remained a central part of his life until his death. Willenhall had become a world centre for lock making, all the big names were there – Yale, Legge, Parkes Squire and others. Josiah Parkes & Sons was simply known in the town as Parkes’s: in the family it was always referred to as the Works. The labour rotated round the big employers; as recently as about 2017, I had some work done in Willenhall on a car shaft by a small company near the Works and even then the owner said he had never worked at Parkes’s, but all the rest of the family had. This was still the era when family businesses were run hands on by the family, and people like AJ would have been familiar figures round the factory. Son in law DS Maitland was even more visible being the Engineer (I remember him coming home in the evening with a distinctive smell of machine cutting lubricant!).
      We have some recorded speeches he made to the works (see later for some transcriptions). To the modern ear, they seem very paternalistic, but the business at the time was still run by the family (Even Ted Fryer, one time MD was AJ’s cousin). One effect I remember was when I went to the works as a teenager being asked when I was to join the works – the Chubb takeover removed that pressure. AJ made a larges number of bequests in his will, some to his present and past domestic staff, but a lot of various middle and senior people at the Works, many of whose names I remember.

     AJ and Cyril carried on the work started by their father to expand the business to become a world leader in lock manufacture. AJ’s big contribution was the development the overseas part of the business, which he did successfully: JP&S were awarded the Queens Award to Industry (for exports) in 1977, a legacy of AJ’s work. At its peak, JP&S employed in the region of 2000 people in UK, Africa and Asia. Parkes’s went public in the 1930’s to raise extra capital and probably to pay some of the less involved family shareholders. The Parkes (and Maitland, Waddell & Power) families remained major shareholders in the holding company
    A business started by AJ’s son-in-law, Peter Waddell, Marie Blanche was sold for similar reasons a generation later.
     I used to visit the works from time to time and remember AJ in his office, with his devoted secretary, Miss Partridge. The typed records we have of AJ’s would have been Miss Partridge’s output! As I write this, I am sitting at AJ’s desk from the works. Miss Partridge (Gladys May, 1898-1972) had worked for AJ for 47 years when he retired in 1967; she stayed on for a short while after AJ’s retirement, but it did not work! I remember my father, by then joint MD, complaining about her – too fixed on her ways!
     JP&S was finally sold to Chubb in 1964, although AJ remained on as Chairman until not long before his death. Via a rather tortuous path, JP&S still exists as a dormant company (probably for ownership the trade mark) owned by Assa Abloy, a Swedish lock manufacturer. As far as I know, the Portobello works (built in the 1950’ largely overseen by my father) is still operating under the Union brand (2021). A major effect on the family of the sale was the release of available finance. As part of the labyrinthine ownership path was DSM’s holding in the cell phone operator, Vodafone: around the time of his death, their share price was climbing rapidly and continued to do so, such that the gain between his death and probate was enough to pay the IHT!

AJ’s 1936 service agreement with Josiah Parkes & Co. as Joint MD. Annual salary £1600 plus 5% of net profits in excess of 10% of issued and paid up capital wef 2 September 1936, the date from which the company acquired the business.
Renewed AGM 29 March 1946

7 June 1957:
Joint MD
10 years from 1 Jan 1957
Fixed salary of £4800 incl. of directors fees (75K 2004)
Commission of 2.5% of net profits in excess of 10% on issued capital

15 October 1961
Supplement to 1957
JP&S becomes JP&S holdings.
Fixed salary of £4000 incl. of directors fees
Commission of 1.25% of net profits.

The Parkes family owned several other businesses including the Crane Foundry: ....in the early 1900s the foundry began to produce castings for electric motors and continued to do so throughout its life. The Crane family continued to control the company until 1917 when William Cyril Parkes of lock makers Josiah Parkes & Sons Limited, Willenhall became a majority shareholder, with the immediate result that the production of lock cases greatly increased[6].
The family sold the business in 25/6/1945 to Qualcast for £92000 equivalent Qualcast shares, shared with WCP and the Fellows family. AJP & EAP share: £11925. This must have been when the Works established its own brass foundry, which was originally at Union St but a bigger one was set up at the Portobello works. After a long series of changes of ownerhsip, the rump of The Crane foundry folded in 2006.

Whites-Nunan Ltd:

This was a company of which AJP was chairman with CWP, DSM, AS Parkes and S Rhodes as directors. Reginald Parkes, AS Parkes brother was a director in 1951, but died in 1952. It is not evident how the family acquired its interest, but perhaps it was via Reginald Parkes or his father ET Parkes, who lived in the area.

In the company report for the y/e 30/6/1959, it made a profit of £33,392 with a net book value of £354331 (abt £5M at 2004). (P24-07)

Letter 19/6/1963 re:
Whites-Nunan Ltd, Sharp St, Manchester
Injectors-Ejectors, Steam, Oil & water valves, Fire Hoses & Appliances, ships fittings) from AJP as Chairman (for 32 years). The company was bought out by Yorkshire Imperial Metals (became IMI) in 1963. RJLM shares 6790, cheque £30555 (£625,000/2020). Also to DSM re 200 shares £900.

Retirement

Express and Star Wednesday April 5 1967:
(DH P36-04)

A leading International figure in the lock and hardware industry, Mr. Arthur Josiah Parkes has resigned from the board of Josiah Parkes and Sons, of Willenhall, and associated companies. He has been chairman since 1964 and managing director for 47 years.
After the first world war during which he gained the M.C. with the Royal Engineers — Mr. Parkes joined the family business, then a private company. When his father, William Edmund Parkes, died in 1920, he became a managing director jointly with his brother, Cyril, who died last year.
     Under his guidance, the company has grown to more than 10 times its size when he took over. It is an international organisation with three factories in Willenhall and others in Birmingham, South Africa, Rhodesia and Nigeria.
          "UNION" BRAND
     The trademark "Union" has become one of the world's best known in the lock and hardware field.
     Mr. Parkes has taken a personal interest in the development of the company's export trade. His retirement marks the end of an era of family control, the business having been started by his grandfather about 1840.
   The new chairman of the company is Mr. W. E. Egar, who has been deputy chairman for several years. Mr. D. S. Maitland and Mr. E. C. Fryer, formerly assistant managing directors, become managing directors.
     The Parkes Group was merged with Chubb and Son, in November, 1965, of which it is now a wholly-owned subsidiary.

AJP RETIREMENT SPEECH

This is a transcription of AJ’s retirement speech to the Works, of which we have a recording

JOSIAH PARKES & SONS LTD.

Broadcast to all 4 works at Willenhall on Thursday 23/3/67 9.30 a.m.

         I have what is to me a most important statement to make.
         I can only hope that my announcement will be so considered by many of you listening at all three works, and by the people in the Gower Street block as well.
         It is that I am retiring on the 31st March. Many of you will know that I am 76 and understandably my age is my reason for retirement.
      I have been a Managing Director since 1920 the year in which my father died 47 years ago.   Then we only had the old Union Works and of course no subsidiaries.   You know now our position in the Trade.   In 1920 we ranked perhaps 4th or 5th - now we are No. l in building locks and hardware in this country. Not only that but our trade now is nearly world-wide and we have four subsidiary Companies in Birmingham and Africa all making locks and door and window fittings.
         I am of course more than distressed to be leaving you all but I am leaving the Company at its peak. I am satisfied that my successors will see to it that progress will be continued.
         Mr. W. E. Egar is to be the Executive Chairman, Mr. D. S. Maitland and Mr. E. C. Fryer Managing Directors, Mr. R. G. McKay, Mr. John Williams and Mr. L. Southall, Directors; all of them as you know are experts in their field.
         I must say a word to thank you all for your loyalty and good service to this Company - many of you for many years. No one could have better support without which I should have been powerless.   Miss Partridge has been my Secretary for all the 47 years and I want to say a special word of thanks in appreciation for what she has done for me and the Company.   She will be retiring later on.
         Finally I wish for you all success in your jobs and happiness in the carrying out of them.

Arthur J. Parkes
Chairman

Death, Funeral & Obituary [7]

    AJ had an unexpected heart attack – Lindley remembers that his coat & boots were ready warmed for him to go out and take the met readings. As far as we remember, there was no indication that he was ill. However, the date of his will at the end of November 1967 makes one wonder if he did know that his days were numbered? A full transcription of it is in the Parkes Wills file; his main beneficiaries after a large number of bequests were his daughters, Rosemary & Bunch – us grandchildren had already benefitted from trusts set up earlier which matured at 21.

Staff Mourn Former
   Many staff of Josiah Parkes and Sons, the Willenhall lock and hardware firm, paid tribute to the late Mr. Arthur Josiah Parkes at his funeral at St Nicholas Church, Codsall, Wolverhampton, yesterday.
Mr. Parkes (77) who died at his home. Manor House, Oaken, near Wolverhampton, last week, was for many years joint managing director.
When the firm merged with Chubb and Sons in 1964, he became chairman, retiring from the board in April last year.

One of the leading figures in the British lock and hardware industry, Mr. Arthur Josiah Parkes, died last night at his home, The Manor House, Oaken, Codsall. He was in his 78th year.
Mr. Parkes retired last April from the board of Josiah Parkes and Sons, of Willenhall, and associated companies. He had been chairman since 1964 and managing director for 47 years.
Mr. Parkes served with the Royal Engineers during the first world war and gained the M.C. Afterwards he joined the family business, which was then a private company. On the death of his father, Mr. William Edmund Parkes, in 1920, he became a managing director jointly with his brother, Cyril, who died in 1968.
Since then, the company has grown tenfold. It is an international organisation with three factories In Willenhall and others in Birmingham, South Africa. Rhodesia and Nigeria.
The company has achieved International recognition through its trade mark "Union."
The Parkes Group was merged with Chubb and Son in 1965 and is now a wholly owned subsidiary
    Mr. Parkes, who was also a local magistrate, leaves two daughters. The only remaining family connection with the business is through a son-in-law, Mr. D.S. Maitland, a joint managing director.

2nd World War

     In the 2nd war, after France fell in 1940, there was a call to the country’s territorial army to organise civilians into a “last resort” defence force, first called the Local Defence Volunteers (LDV) and later the Home Guard. Soon after the Prime Minister Eden’s speech on 14 May 1940, AJ was asked to be Commander of the Tettenhall Group. This became the 24th Battalion (Tettenhall) of the South Staffordshire Home Guard, of which AJ was Lt. Col. My parents always loved the television series “Dad’s Army”, which they recognised as being a comical rendering of what the Home Guard was like!
     AJ was heavily occupied by the Home Guard. Donald Maitland, my father, recounted the difficulty he had in getting private time with AJ to ask for his daughter’s hand – AJ was far too busy with the Home Guard to spare any time! Ethel’s letters to Rosemary in Egypt during the war make interesting comments on the Home Guard actvities.
      There was a book on the 24 Home Guard published after the war (of which I have a copy), I think written, or at least edited by AJ. AJ’s forward gives a flavour of the organisation:

FOREWORD.

    AS it happens I have had the honour and pleasure of commanding the Battalion during the whole period of its existence, it seems suitable that I should make a statement at the beginning of the book. The Battalion is one of the few throughout the country to have retained its identity from beginning to end, in effect from 14 May, 1940, to 3 December, though the latter date cannot be considered final as it is only the “ Stand Down ” date and not that of disbandment.
    I have had assistance in compiling this little record from several officers of the Battalion and other friends (including the “Express & Star" and Taylors) who have supplied photographs and information and have checked my proofs. Unfortunately I cannot acknowledge them individually as I have not kept a complete list, but I am grateful to them for their help. The result will be worth keeping for the information and edification of our descendants.
I regret being unable to include the many Section, Platoon and Company events which occurred but the line had to be drawn somewhere, and also in so many cases I have not the necessary information.
    Many of you had to work long hours on work of great importance to the war effort gave up willingly your precious spare time to the good cause.
     To quote the original ACI, we were “called together as an unpaid part-time force having its origin in the desire of patriotic citizens engaged in ordinary civil occupations to make some active and voluntary contribution to defence especially of their own localities.” We must all agree that the conception was fine and that, in spite of all trials and tribulations, the spirit in this Battalion remained true to the end.
    It will be seen that I have not apportioned any praise or blame because (a) either would have entailed invidious comparisons, and (b) it is not up to me to extol services rendered as I am publishing all the messages received from H.M. the King, which are high tributes to us all.
    To most us there was some satisfaction that we could serve the King and Country. We did serve a purpose—there’s no doubt about it. It is probable that the mere fact of our existence as an armed and disciplined force deterred the Germans when in the late summer of 1940 and the spring of 1941 they had made preparations for invasion, and after that, as we became more efficient, so Hitler must have been the more put off. Many of us are disappointed not to have killed Germans—a very laudable desire—but we must not forget that an invasion of this country would have involved a great loss of life of English people—our own kith and kin.
     As compared with most of the members of the regular forces we have had a “cushy” job. In these parts there has been very little damage to life; we have had good beds to sleep in, a roof always over our heads, and an adequate supply of food at all times. Let us remember that when the “boys come home.”
     We can, I think, claim to have done well as a Battalion even though we have won no trophies. I believe that we should have given a good account of ourselves if the enemy had landed, and that is the all-important point. It may sound sacrilegious to say it, but we have enjoyed ourselves; the training was interesting, we learnt enough of tactics and other military matters to enable us to appreciate and understand something of the war overseas and we believe that by our going back to school as we have, our minds have had training. We are more fitted to take our place in the post-war world and to help it through to the millennium in the spare time which will be now available to us.
     One final word, about our wives. They bore with us well, even nobly, some of them! They have been sacrificed on the altar of duty (“I could not love thee, dear, so much, loved I not honour more !”) and have had only the reflection of the very little glory that has come our way.

A. J. PARKES.
Oaken, March, 1945.
For unknown reasons, AJ went to Northern Ireland about May 1943, probably related to Home Guard work.

The Works in this and the 1^st war, was contracted to do some defence manufacturing. In the first war they had produced grenades, shell fuses, bomb detonators, shrapnel tubes, rifle rods, strombus horns, and turnbuckles. Due to the widespread 2^nd war damage to property, the demand for locks must have kept up, so that work would have kept up but there was essential munitions manufacture, notably grenades, fuses for shells and landmines, detonators for aero bombs, and bomb release mechanisms (rather similar to a lock) etc. as well as locks to secure the spinners of aeroplanes, switches for booby traps, wireless aerials for tanks, and thousands of padlocks to secure kit bags and numerous other purposes.

Indenture of Apprenticeship

(P30-10)
(Firm in fact Berrington, Son and Martin, Bank Buildings, W'ton)
This Indenture, made the eleventh day of November One Thousand Nine Hundred and Seven Between William Edmund Parkes, Lock Manufacturer, of Fernside, Willenhall, in the County of Stafford, of the first part, Arthur Josiah Parkes, son of the said William Edmund Parkes, of the second part, and Richard Evans Willoughby Berrington, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Civil Engineer, of the third part, Witnesseth that in consideration of the sum of two hundred Guineas now paid to the said RICHARD EVANS WILLOUGHBY BERRINGTON by the said William Edmund Parkes on the execution whereof the receipt of which sum of two hundred guineas the said RICHARD EVANS WILLOUGHBY BERRINGTON hereby acknowledges, and in consideration also of the services of the said Arthur Josiah Parkes to be done or performed to or for the said RICHARD EVANS WILLOUGHBY BERRINGTON, and the covenants and agreements hereinafter entered into by the said William Edmund Parkes, The said Richard Evans Willoughby Berrington at the request of the said William Edmund Parkes for himself and his heirs and executors hereby covenants and agrees with the said William Edmund Parkes and also with the said Arthur Josiah Parkes that the said Richard Evans Willoughby Berrington will take and receive the said Arthur Josiah Parkes as his apprentice or pupil for a term of three years commencing on the eleventh day of November, One thousand nine hundred and seven, and also will during the said term to the best of his knowledge and ability instruct or cause to be instructed the said Arthur Josiah Parkes in the profession of a Civil Engineer and in all things incident and relating thereto in such a manner as the said Richard Evans Willoughby Berrington doth now or shall hereafter practice the same, And further that the said Richard Evans Willoughby Berrington, his executors or administrators shall not (unless and extreme and unusual pressure of business shall render it necessary to do so) require the said Arthur Josiah Parkes to attend to the business or affairs of the said Richard Evans Willoughby Berrington, his executors or administrators, for a longer period than from nine o'clock in the morning to five o'clock in the afternoon each day of the said time (except on Sunday, and except on Saturday on which day the hours of business shall cease at One o'clock in the afternoon) and shall allow the said Arthur Josiah Parkes One hour at mid-day for his luncheon (except on a Saturday). And further the said Richard Evans Willoughby Berrington will allow to the said Arthur Josiah Parkes the following holidays during the said term namely one week at Christmas and not less than three days after each of the festivals on Easter and Whitsuntide, One fortnight for his summer holidays, and also the first Monday I August, and in consideration of the covenants and agreements hereinbefore contained on the part of the said Richard Evans Willoughby Berrington, the said William Edmund Parkes and the said Arthur Josiah Parkes, the said Arthur Josiah Parkes of his own free will and by and with the consent of his father, doth put place and bind himself an apprentice, with and to the said Richard Evans Willoughby Berrington during the term aforesaid And further, that the said William Edmund Parkes will at his own expense find and provide the said Arthur Josiah Parkes with board, lodging, clothing and all other necessaries during the said term. Provided also, and it is hereby further agreed that in case the said Arthur Josiah Parkes shall at any time during the said term be wilfully disobedient to the lawful and reasonable commands of the said Richard Evans Willoughby Berrington or shall otherwise grossly misconduct himself it shall be lawful for the said Richard Evans Willoughby Berrington to discharge the said Arthur Josiah Parkes from his service, and thereupon this indenture shall be void.
Signed by William Edmund Parkes Arthur Josiah Parkes and Richard Evans Willoughby Berrington.

On End of Document:

   I have pleasure in certifying that the within named Arthur Josiah Parkes has faithfully served these article for a period of three years ending October 1910, and that during the whole of that time here has given me every satisfaction.
His work has always been carefully executed and he has always been most attentive to office work and on the several works he has been engaged.
   He has acquired a good deal of experience in Waterworks, Sewage disposal, Drainage and other branches of municipal engineering.
   In 1909 he successfully passed the students Examination, and in February this year, he successfully passed the Associate Membership Examination.
   He is still retained by me as an assistant.
   During the whole time he has been with me, his personal character has been all one could desire.
March 21st 1912, RW Berrington.

Letter from WEP re above:

Laurences Hotel (Temperance Hotel)
14/3/1912 8 A.M.
My dear Arthur,
I have just had your mother's letter with good news of your success and I hasten to offer my very heartiest congratulations I am very pleased indeed and so I am writing this before I have my breakfast. I thought you would be successful as you stuck well to your work and did your level best. Its as nice for you to have got thro' first time trying and at the earliest date that you could try and we must celebrate the success somehow and I must be invited to that high tea and I should like to meet Mr Tench and thank him. You want a holiday and I should like you to have one.
I prayed for you, I believe that you do not pray in vain and now I must return thanks to the Giver of All Good, May his blessing always be with you. Very Best Love, Your Affec Father.

Marriage:

WILLENHALL OFFICERS WEDDING (April 14 1915)(P30-01)
In the presence of a large congregation, the wedding took place at the Wesleyan Church, Willenhall, this morning, of Lieutenant Arthur J. Parkes, 23rd Field Company, Royal Engineers (second son of Mr and Mrs WE Parkes, the Manor, Willenhall) to Miss Ethel A. Lister (eldest daughter of Councillor and Mrs S. Lister, Willenhall).
    In view of the fact that the bridegroom's brother, Captain Cyril Parkes, 6th Battalion S.S. Regiment (South Staffs - A3M), is at present at the front, the event was observed as quietly as possible by the members of the two families, but was not allowed to pass unnoticed by their many friends.
    The bridegroom is home on sick leave, having been wounded at La Basse on February 5th, but is due to return again on Friday next.
     The ceremony was performed by the Rev. H.H. Adams (superintendent minister), assisted by Rev A.E. Calver (Baptist Minister). The bride was given away by her father, and the bridegroom, who wore his officer's uniform, was attended by Mr. L. Baxter (cousin).

KHAKI WEDDING AT WILLENHALL
   Great interest was taken in the wedding which took place at the Wesleyan Church, Union St, Willenhall this (Wednesday) morning, of Lieutenant Arthur J. Parkes, second son of Mr and Mrs W.E. Parkes, Willenhall to Miss Ethel A. Lister, eldest daughter of Councillor and Mrs S. Lister of Willenhall.
   The parents of the bride and bridegroom are well known in the district, both Mr. Parkes and Mr. Lister having been chairmen of the Willenhall Urban District Council, and Mrs Parkes is one of the Willenhall members on the Wolverhampton Board of Guardians.
   The event was a popular one, especially as Lieutenant Parkes, who is attached to the 23rd Field Company of the Royal Engineers, is one of our war heroes, he having been wounded at La Bassee on February 5th. He is at present on sick leave, but is due to return to his company on Friday next.
   Owing to Captain Cyril Parkes (6th Battalion South Staffordshire Regiment), brother of the bridegroom, being at the front, the wedding was of a simple character, but there was a large congregation to witness the nuptials.
   The ceremony was performed by the Rev. H.H. Adams (superintendent minister), assisted by the Rev. A.E. Calver (Baptist Minister). The bride was given away by her father and the bridegroom, who wore khaki, was assisted by Mr. L. Baxter (cousin).

ETHEL ANN PARKES (LISTER)

AM03/04

Born: 1/9/1885^BC, Willenhall
Birth Cert Wolverhampton Q4 1885 6b 589
BC: 1/9/1885 of 15 Lower Lichfield St, Wolverhampton.
Parents: Samuel & Sarah Lister.
Died: 3/9/1951^DC, Oaken, Codsall. Service at Codsall Church., a window in her memory was commissioned by AJ.

Obtained Second Class in Stage 1 in Inorganic Chemistry (Practical & Theoretical) from Board of Education, South Kensington, 1905.

The following is from RJLM & AM memories.
    I have only a slight memory of her, I was not 6 when she died and Lindley has no memory of her.
    Her daughter, thought that she, Rosemary, was conceived in Stresa on Lake Maggiori in Italy, where Arthur and Ethel were on R&R towards the end of the 1st World War. Ethel, a VAD nurse, had travelled there by train, no mean feat at that time, probably done as a uniformed nurse which aided travel in those times.
    She had a good sense of humour. She was brought up by her parents in the Trinity branch of Protestantism. RJLM remembers her swearing all to secrecy that they had played bridge on a Sunday, which would have been disapproved of by grandmother Sarah Lister; another Sabbath crime was playing in the kitchen in the afternoon when the Cook was out.
     Ethel had a brain haemorrhage in September 1937, when RJLP was studying for Cambridge entrance, and spent some time in hospital; she lost some mobility as a result of this event, and I only remember her seated. Her letters to RJLM in Egypt show her as being a caring mother and give a good indication of their war-time life in Codsall. She died in September 1951 (brain tumour?), while the family was on holiday in Abersoch, N Wales: I (A3M) remember RJLM leaving in a hurry for home without us children - we knew something awful was happening, but not what. Arthur commissioned a window on the west front of Codsall Church in her memory.
     She trained as a teacher in 1901, and was an assistant teacher in 1911, as was Aunt Gladys.
     She was a nurse in the 1st War at Clandon Park (post cards dated 1916/7). (West Clandon, nr Guildford, Surrey, GU4 7RQ, National Trust Property), since burnt down in 2017.

Dower House Docs:
To Italy, 20/9/1918, Modano?
Passport "British Control Milan"
     Bearer is processing to London UK via Paris. For the purpose returning home her husband's leave having terminated. Address "The Manor" Willenhall. 2/10/1918. Entry into France at Modane (N of Briancon) 2/10/1918.
   Passport Endorsements: Travelling to Italy via France. Bearer declares that she is proceeding to Rapallo Italy for the purpose of meeting her husband on leave there 11/9/1918.
Military Permit Office: Italy, joining Husband valid for the duration of his leave at Rapallo. Report British Consul on arrival at Turin. Via Havre Paris etc. Authorisation from French "to join husband".

Ethel with Rosemary & Bunch.

Issue of Arthur and Ethel (Lister) Parkes:

1/1. Rosemary Joyce Lister Parkes

Born 14/6/1919, Church Hill, Tettenhall
Married 11/1941, Codsall Church, Donald Sidney Maitland.
Died: 12/7/2004 at The Dower House, Oaken, home for 48 years.
Cremated Telford, 20/7/04 with service at Codsall Church

See RJLM Text file for full details.
2/1. Antony Maitland
2/2. Eleanor Lindley Maitland,

born 6/2/1949 at High Elms, Codsall.

1/2. Elizabeth Ursula Parkes (always known as Bunch).[8]

Born: 18/4/1921, Wolverhampton.
Died: May 1972, Exton House, Winchester, Hampshire.
Married:
Peter Lindley Waddell, Codsall Church, 18 October 1941.

PLW was born 15/7/1919, Parbold, Lancs, son of Ivan Lindley (“Waddy”) & Gladys (Hawarth) Waddell – see a later sections for the Waddells, Haworths and Moores and Baldwins.
His family is described in a later section.

Bunch was educated, like her sister, at Bredenbury prep school near Tenbury Wells, and then at Lawnside, Malvern. She spent about a year in Paris in 1938/39.

Bunch spent most of WW2 with AJ at the Manor House, both Carol Ann & Angela being born there. She also spent quite a time with her in laws in Lytham St Ann. Rosemary & Ethel’s letters to and from Egypt often mention Bunch and the (then) babies.

Bunch and Pete lived until about 1964 at Upper Jordan, Worplesdon, near Guildford, this was a house built round a barn which had been moved from elsewhere to its present location. At one time it had been in the same ownership as a bigger house lower down the lane called Gooserye, a house designed by Lutyens. However, Bunch had always wanted a Georgian house and so they moved to Exton House, Hampshire.

16/11/1959: Arr Miami from Havana, PLW & EUW
8/12/1959: Montreal-Liverpool, PLW & EUW.

Exton House:[9]
In 1995, a Mrs C Mathieson was granted planning for a riding arena at Exton House.

Listing for Exton House:
SU 62 SW EXTON EXTON LANE
4/20 Exton House
6.3.67
II
House. Late C18, with early and mid C19 rear extensions. Stuccoed front, with parapet and moulded cornice, stone cills: other walls of painted brickwork in Flemish Garden Wall bond. Hipped half-hipped and gabled tile roof. Wide symmetrical south front elevation of two storeys, five windows. Sashes, triple above the central entrance. Open half-octagonal porch, with two pilasters and two columns of a simple Tuscan Order, concave metal roof, arched doorway with radiating fanlight. Vernacular rear extensions, with casements.

Issue of Peter and Bunch Waddell:
2/1. Carol Ann Waddell[10],

born Oaken 31/8/1942, died of cancer 15 January 2008, cremation 22 January, Odiham.
Married 3/8/1963: Jeremy Patrick Dawson Moore, born 17/3/1938, died 1/10/2005, son of Norman Frederick Alexander and Mary Grace (Sheppard) Moore. NFAM had sister called Lorna, MM had sisters Helen & Nancy. JPDM was educated at King's School, Canterbury and then at Royal Naval College, Dartmouth (1956), a sub-Lt 1958. Jeremy was submariner, which he enjoyed but was moved to surface ships after collapsing a lung during a practice escape. Surface did not suit and he left to join Vickers Shipbuilding in Barrow in Furness. In the late 1960's they moved to Hampshire. See later for more on the Moore family.
The Moores used to have good parties at their house at Lurgashall. I remember one in 1973 lasting until daylight! I think that must have been one of CA’s birthdays.
See at the end of this volume for Jeremy Moore’s family.
Issue:
3/1. Sophie Louise Moore, born Woking, 15/12/1964.
3/2. Julian Lindley Branthwayt Moore,

born Kendal, 13/3/1967.
Married, 22/7/06 Chelsea Old Town Hall.
4/1. Jayda Moore DOB 6th July 2009 3.62 KG 54 cm long
4/2. Sophia Moore 12/2015

2/2. Angela Rosemary Waddell, born Oaken, 23/5/1944.[11]

Married 6/3/1965: Antony Thomas Baldwin, born 19/8/1941, Nuneaton, son of Thomas Alfred (6/3/1909 - 1969) and Dorothy Jean (Povey-Harper, 1919-1959) Baldwin. ATB has brothers John (married to Christine, living in Herefordshire, with children Stephen, Sheila and Rebecca) & William (married to Ann). TAB was son of Thomas Baldwin of Derby and had siblings Audrey, Hilda & Ray. DJP-H was daughter of Frederick Povey-Harper (a coal mining engineer from Nuneaton), and had sisters Valerie and Mary. FPH had brothers Clifford and Kenneth.
See later for more on the Baldwin family.
Issue of Antony & Angela Baldwin:
3/1. Clare Baldwin, born 22/7/1966,

Married, March 1994 in Klosters, Michael Stockford, born 9/12/1958, Westcliffe on Sea, son of Frederick & Sylvia Stockford.
Issue:
4/1. Victoria Elizabeth Stockford, born 3/8/1997.
4/2. Emily Ann Stockford, 28/5/2000.
4/3. Lucy Stockford, 22/1/2002.

3/2. Natasha Baldwin, born 8/12/1968

Married 16/5/1998 Dogmersfield, Andrew Chappell, son of Tony & Vivienne Chappell.
Andrew’s family descend from the Cortlandt family of New York, another descendant being Maria Skinner, who became Lady Nugent of Jamaica fame.
4/1. Oliver Anthony Cortlandt Chappell, born London, 23/2/2002.
4/2. Toby Jack Alexander Chappell, born 14/11/2007.

Natasha Baldwin's marriage to Andrew Chappell, 16/5/98 (DSM)

Text of a Speech given by D.S. Maitland at Dogmersfield, Hampshire.
   Good afternoon everybody. So often at weddings one is left wondering who the old dodderer is who is making an inaudible speech.
   I will do my best to make myself heard and introduce myself. I'm the nearest thing Tasha has to a grandfather which is not inappropriate since the equivalent speech at her mother's wedding was made by her real grandfather.
   I must also tell you that like all busy people who make speeches -I've only been retired 16 years - I have a ghost of whom more later.
   Anyway a warm welcome to you all and a thank you for coming to celebrate Andrew and Tasha's wedding.
   Tony tells me that any disappointment in his daughters lies only in their inability to tell the difference between a mashie and a niblick or tell a woodcock from a Frenchman in and their total disinterest in either pursuit. But disappointment goes out of the window when they bring home a string of delectable girl friends for father to admire and sigh after many of whom seem to be here today looking marvellous. I can also add that another generation only marginally dulls the appreciation of pretty girls so Tash take my advice and watch Andrew for the next 50 years.
   I have known Tasha for ever and she was always a peaceful and calm little girl with one unusual ability in a child which caused me to think she would grow up to be a model. You know how reluctant most kids are when you want to photograph them-not Tasha. From the age of about four one had only to point a camera at her for her to drape herself in an elegant pose, smile and freeze until you pressed the button when she would go on with whatever she was doing.
   She didn't follow this career but in fact developed a commercial spirit pretty soon and this is where I must introduce Tor her matron of honour, an unattractive phrase I always think for a bridesmaid who happens to be married.
   Tash and Tor have always been like twins and there is a story that once they exhausted Angy who had to spend an afternoon picking plums that the two of them successfully sold to Passing motorists at the gate of Eastcote House. Having made their fortunes at the age of ten or thereabouts they decided that they would like to live together but realising that they might like children they accepted that they would have to get married. Then they could "make" their babies, jettison their husbands and live happily ever after. Despite displaying some knowledge of the basic biology of life I don't think at this tender age they had quite got the hang of the full attractions of the opposite sex. A situation happily resolved with advancing age and I'm sure neither real husband is in any danger of being jettisoned even though Tor's has been left in Hong Kong for the time being.
   A grown up Tasha has done a few things in her time including back packing in Australia where she sampled all sorts of jobs including picking grapes. This latter occupation is not the romantic pastime one might think but very hard work, very hot, very dusty, very hard on the back and a disaster for the hair and nails. The pay is terrible too.
   Having got over that trip she settled down to the property business where she has clambered up to a very responsible job. At the same time she remains a very family person devoted to her parents and to Claire and Mick to whom she provides useful facilities like mother sitting because Claire doesn't like being alone.
   Enough about Tasha. Words now about Andrew. Bridegrooms often seem to come off second best on these occasions partly I suspect because so much time is taken up eulogising about the bride - and rightly too -that here isn't enough to do the bridegroom justice but also in my case because I can only claim a very limited acquaintance with him in 36 hours in Devon last summer along with 11 other members of the family in four generations all talking at once which makes it a bit difficult to arrive at a reasoned assessment. I have established a tenuous bond in that he was born in Singapore and brought up in Hong Kong while I was born in Shanghai and both our fathers and his grandfather worked for the Hong Kong and Shanghai Hank so he must be all right. He tells me that he is a bond dealer which conjures up to me those terrible contrived pictures in the press of a group of young men and to be politically correct a couple of young girls jostling together and apparently shouting their heads off and making what look like rude gestures at the photographer. But I'm sure its not really like that and its a job requiring a good deal of expertise and that you have your wits about you.
   Unlike his wife and sister-in-law he does know the difference between a woodcock and a Frenchman and certainly between a mashie and a niblick in which pursuit there is some danger that he will beat Tony which might not be politically correct.
   Tony and Angie are sure that Tasha's judgement is equal to Claire's and if Andrew equals Mick's enthusiasm for hard work and fearless hard play he will be more than welcome in the Baldwin family.
   If you haven't already realised, my Ghost is Tony himself and he particularly wants to say a few thank yous and I am now using his words. First to Simon & Sally Walters who have been quite exceptional friends over the years and have allowed us to use their house and garden today. Secondly Tony and Vivien Chappell who have been a pleasure to meet and who must be thanked for their generosity in providing the champagne.
   Which means it is time I shut up, ask you to take advantage of that generosity, raise your glasses and drink a toast to the future happiness of Andrew and Tasha.

Acton Reynald School

Both of Bunch Waddell’s daughters and Lindley Maitland were educated at Acton Reynald School, just north of Shrewsbury. Miss Hammond had taught Rosemary & Bunch at Bredenbury school (or was it Lawnside??).

AJ was asked to give the prize giving speech one year:
I am pleased to be here.
I think to begin with I should explain why I am here today giving away the prizes.
Miss Hammond has had to do with the education of my children and grandchildren since 1932, with a break, if she does not mind my mentioning such a date of so long ago.
Only one of my grandchildren happens to be here at the school at the moment; my great grandchild who is also a female will not be ready to be educated for some considerable time, so that at the moment it looks as if my indebtedness to Miss Hammond is ended at any rate temporarily.
55 years is quite a long time and shows that I and my daughters have considerable trust in her ability.
Miss Stott I must add joined Miss Hammond later so my connection with her is of short duration.
I am in somewhat of a quandary this afternoon. To begin with I really do not know whether I am speaking to parents or pupils, but I am presuming that parents will not be very interested in what I am saying. Also I do not know whether to give advice to the pupils, or for that matter to the parents, or not. Anyway I am sure it is wrong for me to give advice, because if I did I should be arrogating to myself the duties and responsibilities of both parents and teachers.

If I err, as I am afraid I must to some extent, you must forgive me.
   Another point is that I am really not in a position to give advice. I cannot for instance talk as an expert about politics or sport, and in any case my daughters and grandchildren and sons-in-law are all here and they might be lead to believe that I am getting at them.

I have not climbed Everest or have I been to either of the Poles, and I have not sailed the Atlantic alone.
I turn to the poets for inspiration but I find them to be extraordinarily unhelpful. For instance, Alexander Pope said that a little learning is a dangerous thing.    I am not quite clear what Pope meant but perhaps you can elucidate that mystery for yourselves. Kingsley said - be good sweet maid and let who will be clever.     However, I think clever people are born and not made, so this advice does not seem to be of much use. Then the writer of the Acts of the Apostles said - much learning doth make thee mad.    So, what are we to do, a little learning or much learning ?
I think in this connection the story of the school-boy who said to his father -   you ought to be proud of a son with enough courage to bring home a school report like that, is not unapt.

However, quite obviously a good education is a most valuable asset, and you pupils here are having an excellent start in the world so I do advise you again to make the most of your opportunities so that when you go out into the severe competition of the world, you will meet it satisfactorily.
On balance I think it very well worth risking the disapproval of the writer of the Acts of the Apostles and risk madness. Your teachers and your parents can only start you on the right way, it is then up to you to make the most of your opportunities and to be as successful as possible, though here I find it difficult to define success, so I must leave that also to your imagination.
It was Dean Hole who said - he who would have beautiful roses in his garden, must first have beautiful roses in his heart.     This I think does not require explanation.
I am warned by my grand-daughter who is still, as I have said here at this school that I must on no account speak for more than 10 minutes, and that I must not pontificate, give advice, or be otherwise boring.
I will, however, in spite of what I have said give you a little further advice even though I said I should not, and that is that you should read a new book The General next to God by.... It is a biography of General Booth of the Salvation Army, and it is a history of delinquency of all kinds 100 years ago.

I think you should all know what has happened since 1865 when the Salvation Army was first inaugurated. After reading this book it is my opinion, and here I speak as a Justice of the Peace, that the youth of today is better in many ways than when the Salvation Army first started operations, and because I think that, I always speak up for the modem youth though I simply cannot bear "Pop" records.
This is not to say that any one of us is good enough, we never? can be, but I tell you this, so that by comparison we have perhaps improved over the hundred years. So be of good heart, and I hope you will all look to the future with the keenest possible anticipation, and be of good courage. I must add my best wishes for the future of the school. I believe that provided the Government does not interfere, that Miss Hammond and Miss Stott will go on from strength to strength.

2. World War 1 Service

Summary

    AJ joined the army as a regular and was mobilized at Aldershot and embarked for France as a 2nd Lieutenant in the R.E. with British Expeditionary Force, 15/8/1914, disembarking 2 days later. His time in the Great War can be seen from several sources, some from family memories, and others from the National Archives records. A revealing source is the collection of War Diaries: all units in the 1st WW appear to have kept war diaries. They are written in flimsy paper, usually in pencil, and were kept on behalf of the CO, but usually by a more junior officer. The content and frequency of reporting varies. It seemed to depend on the writer to decide what to record. They can contain details of personnel movement.
     He was in the retreat from Mons according to son-in-law, DS Maitland. This would have been the case as the BEF faced the Germans at Mons August 22-23 1914 in the first major battle of the War as the Germans invaded France via Belgium. This may have been the action in which he earned his MC, blowing up the bridges across the Mons Canal. His unit was in the retreat over the Marne in September, 1914, where AJ is recorded as blowing up a bridge over the Marne and Sammeron. This was documented in an extract from the 1932 Royal Engineers Journal (quoted later).
     His first unit was the 23rd Field Coy, Royal Engineers (which was involved in the battle of the Marne, 5-9 September 1914, #1 Corps, 1st Div), 1st Div RE (Feb 1915, ref Photo), assigned to Section 4. This unit was employed initially on bridgework, and later on constructing fortifications and digging mines. The unit was in several actions in 1914 and 1915, including some loss of life in January 1915 in the area of Cambrin (Pas de Calais), but from the fact that there is a photograph of a fit AJP in February 1915, he appears to have survived these events: he was not among those listed as casualties. According to daughter RJLP, he was wounded about February 1915: this must have been the shell burst in the trenches of his unit, 1st-2nd February (and again about 1916); this got AJ home leave so in April 1915 married Ethel Lister shortly before returning to France after sick leave. An X-Ray report dated 3/3/1915 showed shrapnel fragments in the right hand, arm and knee. It may be that the photograph date is incorrect.
    An interesting feature of the Engineers company is how they moved around the area, unlike the infantry in the trenches who were more static. They was employed in various tasks from bridge blowing to building them or laying out new fortifications. An nice story told by AJ was of a unit (his?) laying out new trench system at night by star sights. Unfortunately, the officer concerned mis identified the Pole Star, and the trench was revealed in daylight to have a distinct curve!
     On 9/6/1915 he was promoted Lieutenant.
     He was awarded the Military Cross, listed in London Gazette 23/6/1915, and marked on Medal award card; the original citations have not survived in the PRO making it difficult to confirm the reason; the unit diary lists this award under "birthday honours". No indication is given in the diaries of how AJP gained the award, (son in law, DS Maitland, thought it to have been for blowing up bridges at the retreat from Mons).

Willenhall Officer Mentioned[12]
     Included in the list of soldiers mentioned for gallant and distinguished service in the field is the name of Lieutenant A.J. Parkes, Royal Engineers. Lieutenant Parkes, who is the second son of Mr and Mrs W.E. Parkes, The Manor, Willenhall, had been at the front since the commencement of hostilities, but was twice wounded, and was invalided home a short time ago. Whilst on sick leave, he married the eldest daughter of Councillor and Mrs Lister, and has since returned to the front.
    News of the honour to be conferred upon him has given no little satisfaction in the town, and especially amongst the members of the Lichfield street Baptist Men's Own Brotherhood, Lieutenant Parkes being on the long roll of honour in connection with that place of worship.

     There is no mention of him in the 23rd Coy between June 1915 and his "joining the company for duty" at Baizeiux on 8 August 1916: he was probably attached to another unit during this period as the records of 1916 contain good personnel movements. (two photographs of him with the Headquarter Motor Cyclists at Aldershot exist). His address at the time was South Farnborough (see letter below). His pay at this time was £14-14-5d SR (special reserve) and £4-10-00d Eng (engineers) (total =£1050 pm 2004). This rose to £26-18-6d pm by Dec 1918 (£962 - high inflation in 1917).
     During 1916, 23rd Coy was employed on general construction work, with some enemy action, including one against "Marden's Keep" in September 1916. It may be that this was a period when he was again wounded. He finally left the 23 Coy for the "No 6 Pontoon Park" on 11/11/1916.
     No 6 Pontoon Park (which used to be known as a Bridging Train) was based at Cléty between November 1916 and March 1917, when it moved to Azincourt (about 7 miles NE of Hesdin in the Pas de Calais region). The work of this unit seemed to comprise moving heavy engineering stores (including 10000 lbs of hay!) and buildings around the area. There was no mention of any enemy action. AJP is mentioned several times in the diary, including being on leave in England from 11-21 December, 1916.
     On 13/5/17 Lt. AJ Parkes RE leaves the unit to proceed to Italy on duty with "A.D.W. Eastern L. of C." (Assistant Director of Works Eastern Lines of Communication).
     A photograph indicates he was in England, presumably on leave, at least some time in 1917. He was appointed acting Captain 12/7/1917 and promoted Captain 8/11/1917.
     He joined the "Lines of Communication, Italy Commandants Taranto Base" in May 1917, when it was being set up, but is not mentioned in the unit's war diary after June 1917. The unit here was a/the major supply base for the Italian Campaign: AJP was probably involved in the civil works of setting up the base and its satellite units. There seemed to have been a lot of negotiation required with the Italians! Malaria was also a seasonal problem: quinine was prescribed for all. There was also an RFC airfield there. An ID card dated 7/1/1918 shows him attached to CRE, Taranto. (Commander Royal Engineers).
     From photographs, at some point, he was transferred to the Genoa/Tortona area: no mention of him has been found in the relevant diaries but they are not very detailed about junior ranks. He was presumable involved in similar work there.
     This area seemed to have been a hospital and recovery area: Portofina (in photograph album) was a convalescent home for officers. The major subsidiary base for Genoa was Arquato. There was mention of VAD nurses in the area: Mrs AJP was a VAD nurse and known to have been in Italy in October 1918.
     An ID Card dated 1/8/1918-30/11/1918 shows him "RE attd HQ 7th Division".
     The 7th division was transferred to Italy after the 3rd Battle of Ypres, which ended in November 1917. It was involved in the Battle of Vittorio Veneto. From 9/2/1918, the division was commanded by Brigadier General Steele, who is photographed with the King of Italy reviewing 22nd Brigade, part of the 7th division in Italy.
     A photograph of a review by the King of Italy of 22nd Brigade under General Steele, found to be on 27 November 1918 at Castelgomberto aerodrome (a few miles West of Vicenza) indicates that he was present then. Also found are 2 panoramic views over the Battlefield of Vittorio Veneto.
     The diaries of the 22nd Brigade units at the time, were also examined, but no trace has been found (54th and 528th Field Companies). The 22nd were moved to Italy about November 1917 after the 2nd Paschendale and took part in the Battle of Vittorio Veneto in the final days of WW1. This was the end of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (the 54th were involved in this action).
     Prints in his photograph album show him at Tortona (Villa Forgana) and also has views over Portofino. Tortona is about 65km North of Genoa, and Portofino on the coast, about 20km East of Genoa. The main action in the Italian War was in the North East around Verona. According to RJLP, he was also in Taranto in Southern Italy. Tortona was a supply base, established in May 1917: it was on the railway line used to move the British Division into Northern Italy in November 1917 to support the Italians against the Austrians (who were fighting in the Verona/Vicenza area).
    He finished the war with Victory & British medals and the 1914 Star.
    According to RJLP, he was in Sicily at the end of the war and travelled to Stresa meet up with wife who was a nurse.
     A postcard to Ethel 14 March 1919 shows the Bridge of Sighs Venice. "we did not arrive here till nearly midnight yesterday and we have to leave at 7.30 pm tomorrow so it is a rush. As usual it's most expensive". (Mrs AJP at The Manor, Willenhall).

AJP MILITARY DETAIL RECORDS

Record Card from National Archives

Record of Military Service (issued 1957):
Captain Arthur Josiah Parkes (46185)
21/6/1913: Appointed to a Militia commission as 2nd Lieutenant,
Royal Engineers. (special reserve in Army list)
4/8/14: 2^nd Lt (Special Reserve) in the Engineers confirmed in Gazette
5/8/1914: Mobilized
3/9/14: in action blowing up Sammeron Bridge over the Marne (see below).
15/8/1914: embarked for France
9/6/1915: Promoted Lieutenant Gazette 27 July
23/6/1915: Gazette 2^nd Lt AJ Parkes (Special Reserve) MC
6/7/1915: Limpsfield, Winchester St, South Farnborough, Hants (letter).
August 1915: photograph shows AJP with Headquarters Motor Cycles, Aldershot.
12/7/1917: Appointed Acting Captain
8/11/1917: Promoted Captain.
9/1919: Captain, Special Reserve.
14/10/1919: Demobilized
17/12/1925: Relinquished Militia commission
17/12/1925: Appointed to the Regular Army Reserve of Officers as
Captain (with seniority 14/9/1923) (P30-07-01)
7/6/1932: Resigned commission
Served overseas

Awarded the Military Cross - London Gazette 22/6/1915, supplement 23/6. No further information in original copy - citations of this period no longer exist. 2nd Lt AJP. Ref 6120 VII 1915 ZJ1/622.

From photographs,
1915: Hesdin, France, in Sec 4, 23rd Field Coy, 1st Division.
1917: on leave? At Colwyn Bay with family.
1918: Italy, Tortona (Villa Forgana) & Portofino, & Stresa (on leave with wife).
1918: Photograph in AJP's album of 22nd Brigade being inspected by King of Italy with General Steele.

War Diaries & Other Army Documents

Some of the places mentioned in the 23 Field Copmany are:
Cambrin in Pas de Calais, nearby Givenchy.
Baizieux in Pas de Calais. Became an RFC base. Near Bresle. In the area of Battle of Somme, June 1916.
Bazentin 5 miles NE of Albert, Somme. Scene of fierce fighting September 1915.
Fricourt: East of Albert, Somme. Some surviving mine craters.
Mazingarbe & Philosophe villages near Loos. Mazingarbe just S of Bethune Lens road (N43).
Cléty: small village about 35 km East of Boulogne, on the N928.
Hesdin: small village about 10km East of Le Touquet, on N39.
Vendresse: A commune SSW of Charleville, by about 10 km

23 Field Company, Royal Engineers, War Diary (WO95 1252):
Lt Bond for OC 23rd Fd. Co., RE wrote this diary. A photograph of him exists in AJP's album, together with "Stafford", who was awarded the MC at the same time as AJP.
This diary contains good detail of the actions carried out by the unit, but has sparse reference to individuals.
This unit was employed on the western front and suffered casualties in various actions.

1914: blowing and building bridges.
19/8 arrived Rouen
21/8 Billets Dompierre
22/8 Marched to Villers-sire-Nicole
23/8 Marched to Rouveroy, then Liseroeux to prepare defensive position, facing NW & W between Fauroeux and Peissant. At 3pm an attack was expected from the West and the works were occupied by the Welsh Regt.
24/8 to La Longueville.
25/8 Wet march to Dompierre, fired on one sapper wounded.
27/8 fired on at bridge. No casualties.

The following few days cover General Von Kluck’s advance to the East of Paris, and the German’s subsequent stall and retreat. AJP was evidently in the thick of this early battle. (see August 1914 by Barbara W Tuchman, p395-400).

31/8 no 4 section destroyed bridge over Aisne at Soissons. Lattice girder on Soissons to Paisley Rd.
1/9 blew up 2 bridges over River Ourcq at Marolles (nr La Ferte Milon)
3/9 and over Marne at Sammeron and St Jean les 2 Jumeaux
3/9 No 4 section with RG of Coldstream Guards and rejoined at Douarre.
4/9 No 1 & 4 sections assisted blocking road during night.
6/9 Orders were issued to advance. No 2 section in Advance guard with Coldstream Gds came into action (under Lt Bond, who was mentioned in the diary).
16/9 No 4 sect repairing bridges at Vill(i)ers.
Billeted at Vendresse. Worked on Defensive positions around there. Putting up wire, digging trenches etc. until end 9/14.
1/10-15 working around Vendresse and Bourg. Built observatory for artillery.
16/10 to Perles. 4 section dismantled bridge at Pont-Arcy.

19/10 by train to Hazebrouck.
22-23/10 built pontoon bridge (using barges) over canal NW of Ypres 1.5 miles.
27/10 Hooge, digging trenches at night etc.
30/10 2300 ordered to hold Zillerbeke until relieved. 3 wounded
31/10 relieved 1430. During the day dug and manned trenches near Hooge:
In after noon sent out to act as infantry to clean up situation and cleared the woods SW of Veldhook. 9 wounded.
1/11-2 Hooge.
3/11-6/11 work on defensive position around Ypres
7/11 whole company fire-fighting in Ypres.
8/11-15/11 at work near Ypres. Billet shelled 2230 1 killed, 9 wounded.
17/11 marched to Borre
18/11-30/11 worked around Borre - Lt RL Bond wrote diary.
3/12 Visit by King.
4/12-11 experimental trenching.
Continued till 21/11.
22/12 Locon. Trenching etc.
26/12 Cambrin, trench work at Givenchy.
31/12 Attack on KRR trenches, MG emplacement captured.
1915
1-9/1 trenching and making keep
10/1/15: Cambrin, 4 section assists infantry to make good captured post on railway line, together with 1st lowland Field Coy RE (T). Sapper Bell killed, 2 wounded.
11/1/15: work continued. 1 wounded, 1 killed.
12/1/15 until post lost abt 2.30 pm.
13-20/1 Trenching work.
21-4/1 Mining near Brick Stack. Also more trenching.
25/1/15: men missing and killed. "Front line taken by Germans and mining party missing (5 men)", 1 wounded.
26-29 trenching.
28/1 1 killed, 1 wounded.
29/1 1 wounded.
30/1 -3/2 misc work.
1/2/15: on night of 1-2, shell burst in billets. 2 killed and 15 wounded. (incl. AJP)
4/2-16 Hurionville. Training etc - Capt Herring wounded by bomb instructing in throwing.
17/2-27/2 Rambert mining etc.
28/2 Oblinghem
1/3-31/3 Les Glautignies, nr Le Touquet Breastworks, keep & mines.
Injuries about 5/3. At Indian Village.
1/4-8/5 Le Touquet defensive works
9/5 1st Div attack on Rue de Bois front. Attack failed and only work carried out was clearance of Cinder Track and Edward Rd. 2 k 3 w
10/5 Marched to Mont Bernechon. And then Beuvry
13/5-1/6 at Beuvry, trenching etc.
2/6-20/6 Fontenelle Farm, training etc

23/6/15: birthday honours: MC Lt AJ Parkes (+ Capt HW Herring, LT JH Stafford)
24/6 Raimbert
28/6-5/9 La Bourse Vermelles: defensive works (Daly's Keep)
6/9- Drouvin Labourse Vermelles
24-29/9/15. In action with the Black Watch operations against Germans Mallins wounded and Lt Edwards gassed,

"Marsden's Keep"
5/10-13/10 Mazingarbe. Sect 4 Battle Stations 13/10.
14/10-13/11 train to Lozinghem.
14/11-13/1/16 Mazingarbe Philosophe
15/1 Lillers Allouagne
15/2-14/5 Les Brebis Loos
4/4 Lt Vanetone Sect 4 relieve.
17/4 Lt Smith takes command of no 4 sect
16/4-4/7 Les Brebis Calonne
12/7-26/7 Albert & Becourt Wood
27/7-14/8 Baizieux

AJP may have left 23 Company by end 1915 - after this, there are good records of the officers movements & he is not mentioned.
A photograph in August 1915 shows him with Headquarters Motor Cyclists, Aldershot. The letter below, dated 6/7/1915 was sent to an address near Aldershot. It can be assumed that he had transferred to Home Duty by early July 1915.

8/8/1916: Baizieux, Lt AJ Parkes RE joined company for duty.

15/8-13/9 Fricourt & Albert. Heavy Casualties 15/8.
15/8/1916: Lt Parkes with 4 section to billets X27c62 near Fricourt.

3/9/1916: Lts Salmon, Parkes & Smith with 2,3,4 sections standing by in billets. No 1 section in action.
24/9/16: No 4 section with AJP at Bazentin on billets.
29/9- 26/10/1916 Fricourt roadbuilding
26/10-11/11 Fricourt & Bazentin
11/11/16: Lt HA Parkes, RE proceeds to No 6 Pontoon Park for duty. (initials incorrect).
1917-18 23 company remained in France/Belgium.
26th Field Company, RE: no mention of AJP to end 1916.

No 6 Pontoon Park (formerly Bridging Train). (WO95/427).
At Cléty (Pas de Calais?)
21/3/16: unit arrived in SS Connaught at Rouen.
12/11/1916 Lt AJ Parkes RE transferred to this unit from 23 field coy RE. OC GG Mead Capt.
11/12/1916 Lt AJ Parkes proceeds on leave to England.
21/12/1916 Lt AJ Parkes returns from leave.
24/3/1917: preparation for move to Azincourt.
Advance billeting party under Lt. AJ Parkes left for Azincourt (about 7 miles NE of Hesdin). Also in unit Lt. E Chenevix-Trench; was he later headmaster of Eton?
Work of this unit seemed to comprise moving engineering stores and buildings around the area. No comment about any enemy action.
13/5/17 Lt. AJ Parkes RE leaves the unit to proceed to Italy on duty with "A.D.W. Eastern L. of C."

(ADW = Assistant Director of Works; LofC = Lines of Communication).

WO95/4255-6

Lines of Communication, Italy Commandants Taranto Base.

14/5/1917: en-route Taranto.
18/5/17: Lt Parkes, RE arrived Taranto.
Mention of Daily quinine
15/6 Capt Wilson, ASC & Lt AJP to visit Halte Repas at Foggia and Brindisi to arrange rations & water for personnel.
8/7 another officer wired for (obviously short handed)
24/10 Major Parkes arrived from Salonika and took over the duties of D.O.R.E.
Continuous discussions about setting up the base and negotiations with the Italians. Malaria also a problem: some camps only suitable in some seasons. Taranto seemed to be a major supply base for Italian Campaign.
23/10/18: Major JH Parkes DSO RE proceed to Genoa & off strength. In Genoa War Diary, this officer became Lt Col, CRE.
AJP not mentioned from early days until end Jan 1919.
Various unit diaries checked around Genoa.

ID Cards show:[13]
7/1/1918: attached to CRE Taranto (Commander Royal Engineers)
1/8/1918-30/11: RE attd HQ 7th Division.

The 7th division was transferred to Italy after the 3rd Battle of Ypres, which ended in November 1917. It was involved in the Battle of Vittorio Veneto. From 9/2/1918, the division was commanded by Brigadier General Steele (who is photographed with the King of Italy reviewing 22nd Brigade, which was part of the 7th division in Italy.

Other 7^th Div Italian actions:
The fighting on the Asiago Plateau. 15-16 Jun 1918.

Passage of the Piave. 23 Oct-4 Nov 1918.

Capture of the Grave di Papadoli. 23-26 Oct 1918.

Crossing of the Tagliamento. 3 Nov 1918.

The Passage of the Piave & Grave di Papdoli, an island in the Piave River required many bridges constructed by the 7^th Division. It is probable that AJP was involved in this work. A dispatch from the British CinC Italy, General the Earl of Cavan, gives a good description of the advance over the Piave. General Steele is mentioned in the dispatch.

Photographs of AJP in Italy quote DAAG for a Major Brunswick as Deputy Assistant to Adjutant General (this was a common job title!).

A reference to No 6 Pontoon Park found in Italy associated with 54th Coy in the diaries of the HQ 7th Div Engineers (also reference to King's inspection). The 95th Field Coy was checked but no mention of AJP and did not mention King's Inspection.

It seemed that at least some of the time, the 26th Field Coy operated with the 23rd: each Army had 2 RE Field companies attached to it and one "Pontoon Park".

The 1st Division included both the 23rd & 26th field company RE.
25/1/1915 1st Division was in action at Givenchy.
The photograph of the King of Italy's inspection of 22 Brigade (on 27 November 1918) indicated that AJP may have moved to the 54th Field Company of Engineers (or possibly the 528th), who remained in the 22nd Brigade through the War: he was not found in any of these units.

The 22nd, as part of the 7th Division, were moved to Italy after 2nd Paschendale October/November 1917 (as part of X Corps, 2nd Army) and took part in the Battle of Vittorio Veneto in the final days of WW1.
This was the end of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Brig Gen Steele took command 9/2/1918.

Marne Bridge Destruction

From Royal Engineers Journal of June 1932
Courtesy of Terry Dean[iii] April 2010.

1ST DIVISION

C.R.E. – Lt-Col. A.L. Schreiber, D.S.O.
Adjutant – Capt. L.C. Jackson

23rd Field Coy. 26^th Field Coy.

Major C. Russell-Brown Maj. H. L. Pritchard D.S.O.

Capt. G. H. Addison Capt. N. W. Webber.

Lieut. R. L. Bond, Lieut. E. E. Calthrop.

Lieut. J. H. Stafford. Lieut. A. G. Smith.

Lieut W. J. W. D Mallins            2nd-Lieut. M. R. Wingate.
2^nd Lieut A. J. Parkes (S.R.)        2nd-Leut.J.D.ManIey(SR)

3rd September [continued).
The O.C. 23rd Coy. was told to send in a report when the bridge at St. Jean was ready, and to follow the column, leaving a party to blow it up if ordered, or to inform the cavalry as to the work that had been done. Lieut. Mallins went to St. Jean, and 2nd-Lieut. Parkes to Sammeron, the latter bridge being ready by 11 a.m. Each of these bridges was successfully demolished.   (App. L. and N.)

APPENDIX N.
BRIDGE OVER THE MARNE AT SAMMERON.
Three masonry arches totalling 298 ft., width of roadway 18 ft., arch rings 3 ft. thick.
Roadway excavated down to crown of masonry arch, charge of 110 lb. guncotton laid along it, and tamped wet (sic). Fired electrically. Result: whole bridge demolished, including both piers. (is this AJP’s own report??).

Mallins appears in several photographs. Lt John Wilfred Douglas Mallins awarded an MC, gazette 3 June 1916.

Italy
54 Field Coy WO95 4221 12/17-2/19 (also 22 Bgde)
                  1645 1/17-11/17.

54 Field Coy 1918 Italy, no mention of AJP.
21/9/18 Drill & practice for Review by King if Italy. All orders for review cancelled indefinitely. At Brogliano.
27/11/1918: Review by King of Italy at Castelgomberto aerodrome at 10 am. 1919 Capt Carroll i/c 54 Coy.

A letter written from the Imperial Palace Hotel, Rapallo, Italy to:
Imperial Palace Hotel, Rapallo, Santa Margherita.

25/7/1918.
"Mon cher consul"

It is with enormous regrets that I learned on my passage to Turin, last month, that you were in France for I had the intention of ..... or giving you the best wishes of our mutual friend Flack, who will see you in several days at Ventimillia on return from France.
   The word would be brought to you by a charming lady of our friend Madame Parkes, wife of Captain Parkes, MC, all received with us. She returns to England after having received for the permission of her husband, who has since 18 months on the Italian front with the English army, and I thank you in advance for all that you can do to assist her passage through France.

Receipt for 100 lire for Villius Barenghise Tortona

Letter from Willenhall Urban District, 6 July 1915:
(P41-03)

Dear Mr Parkes,
    At a meeting of the Council held last evening a Resolution was passed heartily congratulating you upon the well deserved honour which you have obtained and which the Council hope you may long be spared to enjoy.
    The Council feel that you have not only brought honour to yourself but to your native Town, and they are all proud of your achievement.
Yours faithfully, Rowland Tildesley.

(TO) Lieut. AJ Parkes,
Limpsfield,
Winchester St,
South Farnborough,
Hants.

Dower House Collection:

This is a list of the various papers and documents found at the Dower House after my mother died:

7/2004.

Bishop Vesey's Grammar School, Sutton Coldfield (printed on stiff card):
19/12/1903 (term ending): First in the A form in Latin.
31/3/1904 (term ending): First in the A form in Mathematics.
31/3/1904 (term ending): First in the A form in English
Easter 1904(term ending): Second in the A form in French
Easter 1904 (term ending): First in the A form in Latin
27/7/1904 (term ending): First in the A form in Drawing
17/12/1904 (term ending): Second in the 3rd form in Freehand Drawing
15/4/1905 (term ending): Second in the 3rd form Mathematics

After leaving Tettenhall College about 1908, he was articled to a civil engineering practice in Wolverhampton but soon joined the army and was commissioned in the Royal Engineers (21/6/1913), serving at Chatham (in M Coy, RE, ref photo) and Woolwich.

Special Reserve Office 2^nd Lt, 21 June 1913. Commission in DH collection.
DL Stafford 16 June 1944 as Lt Col.

JP 10 Oct 1944. Certificate in DH Collection.

Gave RJLP a Methodist Bible 14/6/1927.

Italian Campaign medal 1918 (Italian inscription on reverse:
Nella fede fratelli e nella vittoria
Armata altipiani)

Certificate showing medical leave of absence 16th March to 16th April, 1915. (P30-05)

WAR OFFICE TELEGRAMS: (P30-03)

4 Au 1914. To Second Lieut AJ Parkes Royal Engineers Special Reserve. The Manor Willenhall.
You are required to proceed to Aldershot immediately. Your 23rd company on mobilization. Notify this office number of railway ticket when taken.

4 Feb 1915 to WE Parkes
Regret to inform you that 2nd Lieut AJ Parkes was slightly wounded on the 1st February. Secy War Office.

28/2/15, Boulogne Smer to Parkes Fernside Willenhall.
Coming England hospital hand wound. Arthur.

5 Mar 1915 to WE Parkes.
2nd Lieut AJ Parkes Royal Engineers in hospital 58 Grosvenor St W. with gunshot wound. Secretary War Office.

LETTERS 1914-18

Letter on "Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway" paper,
On board the "Mellifont" Monday 17/8/14 6.45pm
(P29-01)

(The ship was owned by the above railway and served till 1914 on the Liverpool Drogheda run - she was built in 1903 and scrapped 1933. 1204 tons)

(Letter censored, shown by ---)

My darling Ethel,

We have started at last as you see. Got away from Southampton at about 3 o'clock and do not get to ---- till 5 o'clock tomorrow morning and then we are going ----- ----- which we are supposed to reach at 10.30 am. ---- as you probably know is about -- miles up from --- so it should be a very nice journey. We came passed Portsmouth and dropped our pilot in Sandown Bay I.o.W. The boat is very small. 1200 tons only and so is pitching badly. The engines are very noisy too. A few nurses are on board and also a few gunners and horses. Only our 4 sections were able to get on board and we had to leave headquarters ?? company behind. They carry the pontoons, water carts etc.
Tuesday 18th 7.20 am.
My love just than ,y love. I went very squeamish. I suppose it was the smell of the cooking! But I was not sick and had a good dinner at 8 pm Bound(?) did not have any. Was laid up. We are in --- now --- up. We had to anchor at --- to wait for the pilot at 5 o'clock.
   They say that the king's 2 sons passed us sleeping in boats on deck. You see this is a small passenger-cattle boat running from Liverpool to Drogheda and we managed to get a good night. The poor men are not having a brilliant time. It was cold and they had to stay on deck all night. My darling, if this were only a holiday and you were here! Our base is to be --- we think, and all letters are censored but I am hoping to give this to the Captain of this boat to post in England.
   We shall probably remain at ---- several days in a rest camp and then go on to ??? the ---- Frontier and then help to form the Reserve of the --- attack.
   These --- people are very excited. Cheering and play-dipping all along. Well darling I must just send a note home. Goodness knows when you will hear again. Try sending me a card at ---- "Rest Camp". Only put on it about yourself love or they will censor it. Good bye my own darling Ethel. He will not be far away.
    Please send a letter as well, but nothing about my doing in it.

Card found in DH Collection, Postmarked 7 October 1914.
(P30-15-04)

"Field Service Postcard"
To Miss Lister, The Manor, forwarded to 93a Redland Rd, Bristol.

Contains pre-printed statements:

"I am quite well

"I have been admitted into hospital
(sick     ) and am going on well             (all deleted by AJP)
(wounded ) and hope to be discharged soon

"I am being sent down to the base             (deleted)

                     (letter
"I have received your (telegram               (deleted)
                     (parcel                 (deleted)

"Letter follows at first opportunity

"I have received no letter from you           (deleted)
    (lately                                  (deleted)
    (for a long time                         (deleted)

Signed Arthur.

Post Card (P29-01)
Not sent, but a group including AJP of 23rd Field Coy RE 1st Div Jan 1916. Taken at Lilliers where I was in hospital.

LETTERS To AJP: FROM WW1
P30-09:

Hd Qrs 1^st Divn Engineers
LILLERS
5-2-14 (should be 15)

Dear Cooke,
   Herewith railway warrant and leave and 2 letters for my subaltern Lieut Parkes RRE who left for Boulogne today, Would you kindly see that they are forwarded to him early and ask him to acknowledge receipt direct to me at above address.
   Also please send this letter to him to inform him that, as I had not got his address, I have given as his my own home address "Kingston House" Alexandra Rd, Farnborough, Hants. P.G. would like Parkes to write to my wife telling her where to forward letters or telegrams which may be sent to him at my home address.
    I could only get 10 days leave for him 7^th to 17^th Feb which is the same as another of my subs (Lt Mallins) returns from leave.
    Lt Parkes wound is not likely to last beyond 17th he might obtain a med'l leave and apply for ?? of leave but I fear this will lead to trouble as the gods may ask why he was not sent home on sick leave and he will then be sent to K's Army. (this para v. difficult to read)
     I suggest that if well enough to travel he sh'd return on 17^th to LILLERS and join the 23^rd Fd Co in billets at HURIONVILLE (about 2 miles south (Lilliers) where he can rest until he gets well.
     Many thanks for looking after Parkes.
     Hope you can read this scrawl written on very rough board in the dark.
                  Yrs sincerely
                         C. Russell-Brown.
      Please give my orderly a chit to say you have got this letter and also Parkes' address in Boulogne if you know it.

Envelope To: AJ Parkes esq RRE
Not via GPO, but internal field mail.

Raimbert
25-2-15

Dear old Man
    So sorry to hear that the medicos are going to shunt you to a base hospital as I fear we shall loose you unless you are an arch-diplomatist.
    You have done such good work during the first six months of this war that your possible departure from the 23^rd Fd Co is a really serious loss at this great time in its history.
    However we still hope that somehow you will manage to get back to us thoroughly repaired and ready to capture more "Culvert Positions".
    Send me a line from Boulogne to let me know how you get on. If possible make yourself acquainted with my friend Major Moore RAMC who lives in the hospital train at Boulogne station.
    He is a capital doctor but he ought to be sent home to rest for a bit as he is nearly worn out with hard work. All luck
                     Yours ever R-B.

Envelope addressed to AJ Parkes, The Manor Willenhall
Post marked Field Post Office 14 April 1915.
From C Russell- Brown

23 Fd Co. RE
12 April 1915

Dear Parkes,
    I am a holy terror as a bad letter writer but your generous present of chocolate for the old 23^rd has roused me to make an effort. The men are awfully pleased that you have remembered them and you sent such a quantity that the officers are going to keep a packet to eat during their usual nightly work on the front trenches. We have been working on a front which begins about 2 miles from where you were wounded and inland for another 2 miles. We now have the Lowland Fd Co sharing with the line with us.
    We have had very few fellows killed and wounded considering that we have been working very close to the Boches during the last 2 months.
    Dick B., Jack S. and Mallins all keep merry and bright. We have a junior sub - one Edwards, quite a good boy but of course he does not know the old 23^rd as you do. I can't tell you how sick we all were to loose you. I asked the Gods on several occasions to try and get you back but it was no good.
    How is your hand now? I hope it has stopped giving trouble, but I suppose you still have a collection of metal to carry about?
    Col. Schreiber was very slightly grazed by a shrapnel bullet last week but is quite fit now.
    We wonder how long we are going to stay here. The country is still a bit wet but is slowly drying. We still have to live behind breastworks except in a very few places where trenches are possible.
    Our men are in fine fettle and ready for a shove whenever the time comes.
    Will you please convey my apologies to your father for not having answered his letter and thank him for his kindness in writing.
    The German crumps did a fair amount of firing today with 6 inch shell but their ranging was bad and no damage was done.
    They have wired themselves in stiff and done a lot of work behind their lines.
    I have been having a good long squint at them today from a good artillery position.
    We now have a mining section attached to us and have already blown up on German trench.
    J.S. asks "have you got yet lost your taste for bully?" He also thanks you for your letter.
    Best of luck and many thanks again for the choc.
               Yours ever
                     R-B.
Note: this must have been written in or near Le Touquet.

Letter post marked 26 April 1915
(P30-09)
To Mrs AJ Parkes, 13 Bank St, Willenhall
(Annotated "My first from my husband).

R.E. Mess, Aldershot

My Darling Wife,

Its 6.30 pm. I've just come in I've been searching for rooms since 3.30 this afternoon except 1/2 an hour for tea and I have not found any at all. Been in at least 30 houses in Franboro' and Aldershot. I shall ask the police in Farnboro' tomorrow one only took in bachelors (!) one only boarded as well (2 1/2 pennies each) and so on but I am not without hope or I should indeed be sick.
My job in the Training depot is in "B" Coy and is very light indeed. Only means attending a few parades.
I only know 1 man in Aldershot He's Sweeney who is in "B" Coy T.D. and whom I knew at Chatham very nice chap. He was only at the front a month and was wounded. He's been in the T.D. since Xmas.
I got here at 1 pm. Saw the Chief Engineer. Gen Gibbon very nice man he seemed. Reported myself at 2 or 3 offices and then had lunch in the mess where they remembered me so perhaps I shall have better luck. I am very sick indeed especially as otherwise there is no difficulty. For tonight I shall shake down in the mess which is not quite full up.
I am most awfully disappointed because I shall have to put you off at any rate until till Thursday. 9 out of 10 were full up.
I do hope my wife that you are all right. Be careful this week, I do hate the thought of a lonely night and I know you do too.
I'll try every house in Farnboro' tomorrow we couldn't possibly stand Aldershot town. The number of troops about is simply appalling so is the dirt.
The place looks just the same ……… there was any trouble at all.
Love I do want you. I'll have you at least on Thursday at the latest. Do take care of yourself tho' please.
Good night, all my love your husband.

Letter (P30-09):
(about 1 Sept 1918, EAP birthday 1 Sept)

Saturday Night (probably 31 August 1918)

My wife,
     Shall wire you tomorrow Leave granted! I have just seen the DA&QMG and he says that he has spoken to the G.O.C. who has no objections but that its too far in advance to grant the warrant. Still he definitely said that leave is granted. Now only the exigencies of war are in the way. Otherwise it is as sure as can possibly be. Also what surprises me was that they, none of them, had any objection to your coming. Col Lang spoke as if it was perfectly easy. However you know ---- and so will you carry straight on. Its an awful age to look forward to tho' you'll be busy and so time will go quickly.
   By the way about luggage. If I were you I should only bring one package beside your dressing case. You can look after it so much more easily, but I don't really think there is much difficulty about porters. The part of the journey I dread for you is from Southampton to Paris. I don't fear much for submarines, but the discomfort. I believe and very much hope that the journey from Havre is by day and is only 5 hours but I've never been that route. From Paris you will get into your sleeper and wake up at Aix-les-Bains in time for Break on the train. You can get dinner at the Gare de Lyons very nicely. Oh lover I wish you had somebody to travel with tho'. If you had a maid. Could you bring one of Cyril's? It really worries me. Perhaps the passport people have some lady going down on that day too.
   Don't bring towels cos I can bring up plenty and they would only stodge your bag out. I think my big kit bag is the thing for you.
    Take very careful note of these instructions lover. Cos I know the journey so very well.
    Poor little wife you were so down when you wrote on Sunday. This note ought to cheer you. I think really it is a very nice birthday present.
    God bless you my darling
          Good night.

Note by AM: she entered Italy on the 20^th September, and left 4^th October.

Letter:
(P30-09)
2.4.1919 (Wednesday A3M)                      Headquarters
morning                                       L. of C.
                                              Italy

My lover,
    It's all arranged at last. I propose leaving here on Monday so I can go decently and give you plenty of time to arrange things. I shouldn't have been able to get away if I hadn't given the reason but the -- is very nice about it. I've just been in to see him and he's given me a very nice testimonial to the L.G.B? That should go well, cos they want to know my social position? and its rather a sore point!
    About our going away straight from town, I want much rather, but I'll leave it to you, At any rate you will meet me in Town on Tuesday might. I can leave Paris at 12 noon, catch the 4 o'clock boat from Boulogne and arrive about dinner time. There's only horses in Paris and so I might miss the boat, but I've just heard from Buckland and he managed it successfully.
    I'm wiring you this afternoon to meet me at the Rubens hotel. You will wire for rooms won't you.
    It's too good to believe about. About getting a job at home. It may be a little difficult, but I shall get them to send a wire from here strongly recommending that I be given staff employment at home on compassionate grounds and that will help no doubt. It will be extremely useful to have an income till we can find a civil job. I'm certain tho' it best that I should come home. Its very hard from here to get a jib.
I pulled Lindsay's leg properly yesterday being April 1^st. I rang him up in my best soprano voice and told him I was the matron and would he come down and see me. I think he went, but I'm not sure. Then Euan Bu-hill and I sent him a wire ordering him to Russia. He was very excited and took it with G.C. who was in the know. Then we cancelled it later by another telegram. Then we sent a note and said who said April 1^st and Russia. He's fed to the teeth with me. Scotchmen cannot stand a joke. It won't be any use my writing after today lover cos you'll only get this on Monday. Till Home, etc.

4. AJ Parkes Travelogue

The following are transcripts of diaries, or texts for talks of some of AJ Parkes foreign trips, found in the papers at the Dower House, after his daughter, Rosemary Parkes' death in July 2004. They have been transcribed by A Maitland.

Most were typed up by Miss Partridge from hand-written notes by AJP when away.

JOHORE LABIS ESTATE - SOCFIN CO.LTD - 1951

(P32-01)
10 October 1951.

      Dutch friends of the Van de Meebergs invited me to visit the Palmoil and rubber estate where they live and work and so we went up country on Saturday, 6th October '51, to stay the night there. Jacks lent us a Vanguard car and a syce who turned out to be a very good driver. The distance is about 110 miles from Singapore, which is 17 miles from the causeway on to the mainland at Johore Baru. From there the road runs along the shore for about half a mile, past MacDonald's house, which is quite beautiful. It was quite beautiful the whole way except that the villages are not much to look at consisting as they do of bazaar type shops, At intervals of something of 15 miles there are police checks as an anti-bandit precaution and nearly all the villages are surrounded by barbed wire fences, and inhabitants having been brought in from the country side into these areas which are called settlement areas. This is so that they cannot feed the bandits and otherwise help them.
      The road is very good all the way and quite wide, There was a lot of traffic for the first 50 miles but then it got much less. Practically all the way there was a curfew from 4 p.m. till 6 a.m.

      We arrived about noon at the factory and were met by our host Mr.A.C.Van der Zwaan, who then took us up to his bungalow about half a mile away, for lunch. His wife lives with him and a child of about 2 1/2. She is the only white woman on the estate. The bungalow, like all the others, is on top of a small hill and surrounded by barbed wire fence, the area being about 1/2 acre. The factory and all buildings in fact are similarly guarded. On the factory they have some 100 of armed Malay police and each bungalow has 6 and the white people are all provided with armoured Jeeps or Land Rovers and can only go out if they are accompanied by an armed policeman. The host's bungalow has only recently been built in a clearing of the jungle,
      The estate consists of about 27,000 acres in all, 15,000 being planted with palmoil trees and 5000 with rubber trees. After lunch we drove round the estate and saw the oil being processed in the factory where they employ about 600 Malay, Chinese and Tamil people. I had a talk with Mr Newman, the estate manager and he, like me, cannot understand why the bandits don’t shoot up all the white people. His office is about 11/2 mile from the factory and his bungalow about 1 1/2 mile the other direction, so that a dozen or so bungalows are spread out over an area of possible 10 square miles.

   After we had looked at the oil-plant we went to the club which is close to the factory and inside the barbed wire and I met the other white men, 15 of them, mostly British, but some French and one Dutchman. The company itself Socfin Co. Ltd., is French owned. The estate is called Johore Labis Estate of Plantations de Terres Rouges. The club is about like the pavilion at the Sports grounds. The white people seem to assemble there every evening at 6 for an hour or so. Then they go to their own bungalows and apparently retire at about 9. It is Indeed a most extra-ordinary life.
      Apart from benefits they have to put up with various wild animals, including an occasional tiger and elephant. However, they seem to be quite happy and do not seem to have any desire to return home.
     Near the factory, there is the resettlement village of Chaah and there are about 3000 people, many of them working either in the factory or on the estate. The oil they produce is used for margarine and the whole of it is purchased by the British Government. The rubber which is processed as crepe is sold on the op market. Socfin Co. is an enormous concern, having estates in Thailand and French Indo China as well as Malaya. I understand the conditions in all these other places as regards bandits, is much worse than in Malaya.
      The estate is divided up into squares, each one being a kilometre each wide.
      The bungalows, which are very comfortable, instead of ordinary windows, have shutters and mosquito-netting. There are no curtains to be drawn and so it seems to me, that bandits can easily shoot up anybody inside at night, although it is surrounded by these 6 policemen in specially made emplacements.
      0n Sunday morning we saw the Rubber factory and then set off back to Singapore. We arrived at Johore Bahru about lunch time so that we had lunch at the station buffet, which was not of the highest order.
      We looked at the War Cemetary, which is just on the island to see if I could find Dick Hazel's grave which is not there but found later that he was buried near Bangkok. We got back to Singapore about 3 p.m.
      Just before dinner on Saturday night the news came through that Sir Henry Gurney been murdered by the bandits, close to the hill station Fraser's Hill about 100 miles further North, but I have just heard that the State of Johore is considered to be one of the most dangerous and it is the only one in which these Resettlement camps have been established.
      I understand that this estate is bigger than average, in fact only a few of them do any manufacturing. Vast amounts of the oil and the rubber is grown by smallholders and smaller companies, there output being sold in the case of rubber in the form of latex or smoked sheet to the dealers. I do not know what happens to the nuts,
      Mr. Newman told me that the cost of the oil was under 4 Malay cents in 1932 and today is over 80 cents. The workpeop1e get paid something like 3.10 a week whereas in l932 the wages were 3/- a week.

Dear Rosemary,
      Your father dictated this report to me and I hope I did not make too many mistakes. A copy has also been sent to Mr.C.W. I saw the present your father bought for you and I'm sure you will be delighted with it.
I hope you are keeping well, also the children.
Kind regards; remember me to Donald.

Miss Partridge

AJP TURKEY & ROME - 1953

(P32-02)

1^st April 1953.
               I have now had 24 hours in Istanbul and I can make some sort of comparison between it and Athens and Cyprus.
               Athens is dilapidated and poor European like Southern Italy, Istanbul is both Western and Eastern. There are bazaars as in parts of Cyprus - streets and. streets of little open shops and workshops where tradesmen ply all trades. Opposite my bedroom a 4 storey house is being erected, 2 rooms thick and I room wide - it is being built of brick but without scaffolding!! Both Athens and Istanbul are obviously very poor. Great holes in the streets - streets filled with trams, U.S. motor oars, and people. The town is divided by the Golden Horn about as wide as the Thames at London and in a way similar.
There are only two bridges - the main one being Galata. This hotel is in the new (foreign) town - PERA. The old town is called Istanbul. All property is terribly dilapidated and there are many wooden houses and mosques all over the place, ranch more dilapidated than Athens.
    The Airport is about 20 miles out, right in the dreary
country, and is the poorest and quietest one I think I have seen. Our plane (weekly from Nicosia) was the only one but it took an hour for the passengers to be cleared. Even the huge British Embassy is dilapidated and dreary (tho' being renovated).
     The weather is much colder than Nicosia and so far the sun has not shined. The temperature is roughly 55 compared with 70 in Nicosia.
      It is difficult to pick out all the nationalities. There are many from USA. a few English, Turks, Armenians. Turks mostly look alike. Everybody wears European clothes.
      Weinstein's history is interesting. His father lived in (now) Russia near Odessa. In one of the pogroms at the age of 4 he was taken away but was rescued by Jews and brought up by them; his name was not known and his rescuers gave him their name. He asked me not to publish this information.
       I have spent today in the City - the old Istanbul again. It is a wilderness or rather a maze. All the little streets jammed with traffic including male porters carrying enormous loads on their backs, beggars. Two horse carts, as well as the enormous American motor cars, nearly all taxis. Except for the clothes of the men - there are very few women - it is almost like Bombay. The old Oriental bazaar is even more of a maze, literally miles of narrow streets, tiny shops full of stuff. Each trade seems to have a stretch perhaps 20/30 stalls, but there is very little manufacturing being carried on as in other similar places.
      I do not know how it is ventilated except that there are windows at the sides of the roof and many of the windows are of course broken. I saw perhaps half of it and walked for 3/4 hour; by myself I could not have found my way out. The Dolmababrar Palace the Summer palace of the Sultans is impressive overlooking the Bosphorus and near the hotel. The Bosphorus and the Golden Horn are alive with shipping - I have not seen a Red Ensign yet!
       Most of the customers are Jews who came out of Spain 500 years ago. They still speak Spanish, French, Greek and Turkish. Some are expert in Hebrew too and German.
       I have seen practically no flowers growing or cut. There are very few trees and they unlike Greece and Cyprus are deciduous. The place is very hilly.

                3rd April.
      All morning in the City calling on customers again. Have obtained much useful information but licences are practically unobtainable.
      Weinstein took me to lunch in a City Restaurant, pretty poor near the Railway Station which I went to see trains go from it into Europe. They are incredibly old and poor and I'm told travel at 20/30 kilos per hour.
      I then took a taxi to St. Sophia - now called a Museum. There is nothing except the enormous bare building. How it has stood since 325 A.D. I do not know nor can I believe. Next door to it (500 yards) is the Blue Mosque still used by the Moslems.
      Then I wanted to see Seraglio and so I walked for an hour through a dreadful park but my guide (Sharia, Weinstein's man) did not know it was a Museum so we did not go in.
       I am most interested to compare the people in the 4. Hotels. G.B. Athens - they were smart (not so many Americans). The Dome,(indescribably amateurish tho' large) Kyrenia, was filled with filled with middle-aged English. We might have been at Bournemouth. The Ledra, Nicosia, fairly smart. There were about 12-20 English film people staying shooting "Those who dare". Here one might be at
The Victoria, Wolverhampton. The Americans particularly (I seem to be the only Englishman) look very low class. Why do so many Continental hotels have (l) the mixers in the middle of the bath (2) no Lounges in which there are comfortable chairs?
     The house opposite is progressing. The top storey. The top storey is on and the men are now getting on with the roof. The first man appeared through the hole in the ceiling of the top floor at 8.50 a.m. How they will plaster it outside I cannot imagine.
     I am badgered with servants in the hotel wanting to change my travellers cheques. I am offered up to £.T. for £1. Official rate 7.80.
     The sun is trying to shine this morning (4th April) but there is a mist over the Bosphorous. I am kept awake by backyard cocks in the middle of the town!! The street below is unmade.
      7.p.m.    Weinstein has taken me up the Bosphorous - by road to Sariya a couple of miles from the Black Sea which can be seen. We had lunch there, otherwise Restaurant empty, and came back by a ferry steamer to the Galata bridge. We went a little inland behind Yildiz Palace. Both sides are fairly thickly populated with large Summer houses and Palaces, mostly dilapidated but elaborate. Some new Villas too. In bright weather it must be lovely. One place        on the European side is The Terapia, I think where the British Embassy used to go in the Summer. The two forts at the narrowest (500 yards) are quite magnificent and also Enpress Bugenie's palace newly painted, Rococo, most elaborate and public.
     The temperature has been max. 53°. No sun and misty.
     The ferry called at Scutari (Anatolia) but we did not land. It is a big town. I should like to have seen Florence Nightingale's hospital and the British Crimea cemetery there. I am beginning to feel the tremendous history of the place. It was only conquered by the Turks in 1943. They are not celebrating much
because of offending the Greeks. We cannot give up Cyprus for fear of offending the Turks to whom of course it belongs.

                        5^th April.
    Last night the Weinsteins took me to the pictures. The building was not as good as the one in Willenhall and the picture was what I imagine the usual US. technical colour to be, with captions in Turkish. The news as in Cyprus was Gaumont British (the Cinema in Cyprus was the last word - we could hardly get in for ground nut shells).
    Today I have been with the Weinsteins to the Islands in the Manaara. The boat holding about 1500 called first of all on the Asia side and then at several islands, and finished finally at BUYUK ADA, where we had a very good lunch. Went for a carriage drive and a walk, getting back to Istanbul about 6 o'clock, the journey taking about 1 1/2 hours. There are no oars on any of the Islands the large one where we landed was very beautiful and well kept with many beautiful Summer villas. Spring has yet not properly come and it has again been very cold. We had no rain but very little sun. The ship rounded the Seraglio point and the Scutari Station on the Anatolian side, the Terminus of the Kaiser's Berlin to Baghdad railway.
                     6th Aprils     Rome.     (Hotel Quirinale)
     I arrived here at 5.p.m. and so I had a walk round. The hotel is at the top of Via Nationale, the Piccadilly of Rome, close to Diocletian's baths. I found my way to the Piazza di Spagna down the Via Condotti, down the Via del Corso, (the Bond Street,) to the Piazza Venetzia, up to the Campivolio overlooking the Roman Forum round the Victor Emmanuel memorial into the Via Nationale about 3 miles I should think. It is of course Easter Monday and so not the best of times for sight seeing.
     The weather is very warm, perhaps 70° compared with 50° at the same time 4 years ago.
    It is most interesting to compare Rome, Athens and Istanbul. Rome is by far the best from every point of view, in fact the other two are poor sisters. The hotel too is very good, coffee (not Ness or Turkish). It is 9.50. and I am off to bed but my room is very noisy.
    We had a magnificent view of Vesuvious from the plane. There is a great jagged hole in the top but because of shadows we could not see down to the bottom. We had lunch in the restaurant at Athens but in compensation again had a fine view of the Acropolis.
    Unfortunately we did not fly over the Dardanelles as the plane went straight
over the Marmara. Tomorrow I am going to the Vatican and the Castel St. Angelo.
    The Exchanges have been interesting, the Black Market at Istanbul was pretty considerable. I had offered to me up to 11 to the £.   Official rate 7.80. In Italy the Official rate about 1500 but for travellers cheques up to 2000. I had considerable difficulty in paying my Bill as I had used up all my blank travellers cheques so I had to pay In Turkish money, losing about 50% on the Exchange.

                                             HOTEL QUIRINALE.
                                             Rome.   7th April.

    To finish the story. I went to see St. Peter's and the Vatican Museum this morning. I found my way on a trolley bus and saw many things on route. The bridge over the Tiber is very beautiful called Victor Emmanuel the 2nd. though it looked to be an old one. The approach to St. Peter's has been much improved     a lot of property has been taken down and a beautiful street made. The pavements are of marble and beautiful electric light standards also in marble. I was one of I should think 1000 in the Sistine Chapel.
     This afternoon I took a bus tour to nee Castel Gondolfo and Frascati, both in the Alban hills, and it was really quite beautiful and interesting.
      One other bit of information, the steward on the Viking from Istanbul to Rome cashed me a cheque for English pounds which seemed to me to be very irregular.

AJ Parkes Journey in Malaya - 1951

(P32-03)

Paper found in AJP papers 2004, undated, but refers to October 1951 (see extract at the end of transcript. Transcription by A Maitland, August 2004.

      You will see that I have had to bring a map of the world with me to help you to follow my Ear Eastern journey. I covered rather more than one-third of the distance round the world and in all I was in an aeroplane for about 20,000 miles, covering a period of about 6 weeks.
      On the outward journey as far as BOMBAY the plane was a Constellation, a very big powered American machine; it flew at a height of 20,000ft, as do of course the other 4 engined planes as well.
      Afterwards except for a short distance in Malaya where I used an American machine DC.3., I was in a Canadian machine called an Argonaut. I am told that this machine is built in Canada because the British Government wished to keep the Manufacturers - Canadair Limited - in existence, presumably for wartime purposes. The engines of the Argonaut are Rolls-Royce, and although the Argonaut is not as powerful as the Constellation it is more comfortable. The British seem to understand comfort better than the Americans. Except the DC.3. they are both 4 engined machines and travel at about 260 miles per hour.
      The weather was good for most of the time but coming back from Cairo to Rome the passengers had to wear their seat belts for about 3 or 4 hours because we ran into bad weather; it was bad enough for loose packages to come down from the luggage racks but nobody seemed to mind. In Rome the rain was so heavy that the pilot delayed take-off but I was interested to see that the Dutch and French people did not worry about it; I saw several of their planes start off. I was told that B.0.A.C. is super-careful, not a bad thing from the passenger's point of view.
       The meals which are served on the planes are really excellent, much better than one gets in a Dining car on the British Railways; they are served hot and produced out of the tiniest kitchen which is certainly not more than 6ft. sqr. , and up to 48 meals are served at a sitting of 5 courses. Soup, meat, sweets, cheese and fruit.
     The planes are air conditioned which means that even though you are flying at 20,000ft., the air pressure inside the plane is equal to about 5,000ft. above sea level, and the temperature also is regulated to about 65° /70° F. Most of the Aerodromes I came down on were built by the British, and now that this wave of intense Nationalisation is turning us out of so many countries the new Governments have taken them over, presumably for nothing. They practically all have good concrete runways but in one or two cases there is still the old steel tracking which was put down during the war, and in one instance we had to come down on a grass field.
     Possibly the two most interesting and exciting Aerodromes are those at Hong Kong and Ipoh in Malaya. The landing strip at Hong Kong is on the mainland and very close to Red China. The country is mountainous and so it was very difficult to find a place at all to put down a landing strip which has to be at least 4,500ft, to take the big planes. It is so difficult to land at Hong Kong in view of the mountains that the Aerodrome can only be used during daylight. Ipoh is in a pocket of the hills; this is where there was only a grass field and our aeroplane had to approach it through a narrow valley between high hills. It is only possible for passengers to have a restricted view from small side windows and so they cannot know either the best or the worst.
     On the outward journey we stayed about 5 hours during the night at Karachi in a rest house which is built just off the aerodrome called Speedbird House, and of course I was very pleased to see that the building was fitted with UNION locksets. I expect you all like me wherever you go look to see who has made
the locks. I would here give you a word of advice - do not look at the locks if a Policeman is in view; I once had a little difficulty in explaining what I was doing.
     Coming home I landed at Basra, which is at the head of the Persian Gulf, and which of course has been in the news very much in the last few months in connection with the Persian Oil Fields dispute. Basra is in Iraq, but Iraq, Iran and Saudi-Arabia all meet hereabouts. The aerodrome is right on the edge
of the Shat El Arab where I saw our Warships still at anchor. At Cairo I was met by our Egyptian agent and his son, and the Egyptians took a poor view of me and my doings. I was able to get out of that trouble but I was told by the Captain of the aeroplane that he had had instructions to be conciliatory and even
put up with indignities which the Egyptians might offer. I suppose that for face-saving reasons we do not wish to leave the aerodrome in Cairo and for our planes to refuel somewhere else in the Middle East. Cairo is a very important air junction because from the aerodrome there are planes going to India, the Far East, Middle East, Europe and Africa. Well so much for my journey.
      My first stopping place was BOMBAY where I stayed for about a week. All our customers there are in the Bazaar and our agents are Moslems. Incidentally that fact is really rather important because the Government of Pakistan turned all the Hindoos out of their country on partition whereas the Government of India did not retaliate by turning out the Moslems, in fact many of our customers also are Moslems in Bombay and they seem to be quite as comfortable and live just as well as the Hindoos whose country of course India is. The Bazaar is quite interesting; I have seen Bazaars in other parts of the world but never in the East.
      The shops are very small, most of them being not more than about 30ft. long and 15ft, wide, and it is simply incredible the amount of stock and people they get into such a small space; they do not have shop windows but the place where the windows should be is boarded up at night. The proprietor and his assistant sit at desks just inside the shop; they do not have offices as a rule so that one sits talking to the customer practically in the street. The buildings are several stories high, possibly 5 or 6; people live in Flats above the shops; the streets are quite narrow, no wider than say Gower Street where the offices are. There is a vast amount of traffic of all sorts, donkeys, Indians walking about in their thousands, motor-cars, bullock carts, and so on, and it is very very difficult even to walk without interruption, but is all most picturesque.
      People seem to bring out their bits and pieces and do their cooking in the street; their beds are just rough frames of wood and wire netting, and the men doss down in the street for a few hours during the night, I do not know what they do when it rains. They do not require any cover because the weather is always hot, in fact I was never provided with blankets in any hotel; I would add though that I did not sleep out in the street. One thing struck me about the Indians and the Chinese (beyond Ceylon all our customers are Chinese) was their wonderful memories; most of them remembered our pre war agent - Mr. Joseph Waine - who died about 10 years ago, and all of them knew the numbers of many of our patterns. They remembered the prices they paid before the war and they remembered all the promises of delivery that have been made. They are most intelligent people, they were all interested to see me, and very hospitable.
      In travelling about the East a visitor is always expected to have some sort of liquid refreshment with every customer. In Cairo you must drink Mocha coffee, in Portuguese East Africa the drink is Port Wine, in Bangkok you have China tea served in proper Chinese fashion, in Singapore and Hong Kong you are given the American Koka Cola; towards the end of my trip I got quite wise about the matter;    so long as one takes the glass of whatever is offered it does not matter whether you drink it all or not; you just have to accept what is offered
     Well after Bombay I spent a week at Colombo in Ceylon where the climate is quite different from Bombay, it is very wet as well as being very hot; it is practically on the Equator as you know and everything grows at a most tremendous pace; all trees are evergreen and there are no Seasons. It is a beautiful country and incidentally quite a good market for us.
     I had a motor drive through the country for a distance of 60 or 70 miles to the University of Peradeniya, which is in course of erection, and for which we have orders for the locks. The roads have an excellent tarred surface tho' narrow. They are all banked between the Rice Fields and thro' the Banana, Cocoanut and other Palm tree Estates and Rubber plantations. The University is really rather a wonderful conception; most people think that it is being hopelessly overdone having regard to the population of the Island. The site is an enormous saucer in the hills of about 2,000 acres. All the buildings are scattered about over this area and are well designed. It is close to the ancient Capital of KANDY where I had lunch on that day, and the world famous Botanical Gardens.
     There are vast numbers of rooks everywhere. I was taken on a sight-seeing tour by the P.W.D. Architect, almost the last Britisher. Mrs. Wynne-Jones (wife of the architect) took the food for us to have in a Government (British built) Rest House. We sat on the Verandah overlooking the river; she left the sandwiches on a plate inside the building and going in for them a few minutes later found that 9 out of 10 had disappeared. The native boys said that the rooks must have taken them, but we never knew, no crumbs even remained.
     As you no doubt remember Ceylon and India are now Dominions and our control over them therefore is ended. Practically all the British people who were there under the old regime have now been superseded by natives. It was very nostalgic to me to see the statues to famous British people after whom also many of the streets were named, photographs of them in the Government Departments, and Rolls of Honour of those killed in the 1st world war, amongst the names mentioned being two friends of mine - but I'm glad these signs of the good old days have not been removed. I can assure you that the British have done this part of the world immense good and I felt more proud than ever to be one of the race.

Note in pencil "film"

        I then flew to SINGAPORE where I stayed about 10 days.
        Singapore is not in Malaya but has its own Government, & most peculiar arrangement. It is a very important place as you all know from many points of view, trade, politically and militarily; very much an Outpost of the Empire. It is surrounded by China, French Indo-China and Dutch East Indies, where Political disturbances and just banditry are pretty considerable.
       When you realize that a large part of the tin of the world, much of the palm-oil, and a large percentage of the rubber, come from this area, you will see how important it is and to what extent the supply of these vital commodities is precarious.
        I saw a statement since I came back that practically 1,000 British people have been killed in Malaya during the last 12 months. It is wonderful to me that white people are still content to go to these places and yet they all seem happy there.
        One of the Bazaars is called Bugie Street and some of our customers trade in it. At about 4 o'clock in the afternoon stalls like those of an open air market in England appear and food is cooked on them in vast quantities. Chinese feed here every night up till 3 a.m. standing and sitting round the tables under electric light or kerosene. It is one of the best known sights of the East.
        I compared- Hong Kong, Singapore, Penang in Malaya, Malta and Gibraltar (Gibraltar is not an Island but the others are) and thought how very vital they all are to the well being of the Empire and the world. I might have added Cyprus as well as that Island is becoming more important every day. None is larger than the Isle of Man. Singapore is a beautiful town, more so than any in England except London, and almost the equal of Hong Kong.
        I went up-country from Singapore to a Palm-oil Estate 110 miles north - in the middle of the State of Johore - for a week-end. The road was very good for the first 50 miles, a fair amount of traffic, thro Banana, Rice, Rubber, and Balm Estates as in Ceylon, and near jungle. It is 17 miles along the Bukit Tijaah road on the island, to the famous causeway. It is all in the danger area though and there is a curfew over the whole country, in some places as early as 4 o'clock in the afternoon.
       The people have been re-settled, that is to say, they have been brought into Villages around which barbed wire fences have been erected to prevent them from feeding the bandits.
       The Estate on which I stayed covered an area of 15,000 acres of Palm-olive, 5,000 acres of rubber, and 7,000 acres jungle now being cleared. There are 15 white people of which about 8 or 9 are British; they all live in separate bungalows spread over an area of 4 miles and to some of them the jungle comes very close. Each bungalow is surrounded by barbed-wire; it has 6 armed guards the whole time and there are machine gun emplacements all round. No white man is allowed out except with an armed guard and also he must be armed himself. I think I am right in saying that he may only go out in an armoured jeep on the Estate. I evidently broke the rule as I went round the Estate in an ordinary motor car.
      On the Estate they process the rubber making it into crepe, and crush the nuts to produce the oil, which is used in the manufacture of margarine. It is therefore quite a big factory; it is very modem, surrounded by barbed wire, like the bungalows and the Villages.
      The General Manager of the Estate agreed with me when I said I did not see any reason why the Bandits should not shoot every white man on every Estate in Malaya.
      They are 120 miles from Kuala Lumpur so that they go into Kuala Lumpur or Singapore one week-end a month for relaxation, otherwise they go to bed every night at 8 o'clock. There is only one white woman on the Estate; she has a child about 2 years old and is having another one this month. I was up-country on the day Sir Harry Gurney was killed.
     All sorts of wild beasts roam about particularly elephant and tiger.
     However, every one liked the life, and were very happy about it.
     I flew from Singapore to Kuala Lumpur the Capital of Malaya, and then on to Penang, which is as I have said another Island. Both places are beautiful, particularly Penang which has a lovely Coast line. My bathroom at Penang was amusing, it had no bath but instead a tap (practically no hotel has hot water laid on, the water in the cold tap being hot enough,) on to which was attached a yard length of rubber tubing. I had to be instructed on how to use it. In the little bathroom is a Siamese jar of unglazed earthenware of about 30 gallons and the tube is used to fill it. One then ladles the water out of the jar with a galvanized steel basin and pours it over ones body. The floor is concrete and the used water goes to waste through a hole in the corner of the room.
       Then I went on to Bangkok in Thailand. You know that they have recently changed the name from Siam to Thailand. The people are charming, slap-dash, and unassuming, so I am told. For example, their answer to your question was invariably not their opinion but what they thought would please you. All our customers are Chinese, and they were very nice to me. I had 3 Chinese meals, eating with chop-sticks. On the third occasion I got on so well with using them that nobody passed any rude remarks. The Chinese and the Indians too do understand food as do few Britishers, and everybody eats the most excellent and varied food, a meal consisting of many courses.
       Siam is a rice growing country like Burma, and more so than Ceylon and Malaya. It grows in water, not seeded like wheat, but planted. The whole country practically is under water, as you see from the aeroplane. I guess 65% of the population live in wooden huts built on stilts along the river banks; their only approach to their houses is by boat, 15% live in Sampans on the water, and only 10% in towns. The floating market is a sight, and small boats continually ply selling hot coffee made in elaborate brass pots on the boats and cooked foods.
       Until 50 years ago even Bangkok had no roads; there are some now but only that to the Airport can be called good. The wheeled traffic in Bangkok is very dense - there are 15,000 tricycle-taxicabs, the basket carrying 2 passengers is in front (in Singapore it is behind, and in Hong Kong at the side) and 20,000 motor cars. To travel by car from my hotel to the agents office, less than one mile, takes up to half an hour.
      They had a revolution in June when the Army deposed the Navy. It was not vice versa.   I saw the Navy on the river; an amazing collection of rusty old hulks. The British Embassy was in the line of fire, field guns were used - it still bears the marks. The Japs occupied the country during the war, they boarded up the bronze statue of Queen Victoria in the garden of the British Embassy but they left slits opposite her eyes so that the old lady could see what was happening.
       Hong Kong where I spent nearly a week is I think the most interesting and beautiful place I saw. I have mentioned the aerodrome. The mainland town near to it is Kowloon with a population of about 3/4 million (1 1/4 million on the island of Hong Kong) and the straits vary from 300 yards wide to a mile. There is an excellent ferry service very well patronized.
       The town itself is on the Straits and in the mountainous interior are a few villages, beautiful bays, villas and flats. The sight at night from above looking over the town and straits were there is much shipping across to Kowloon is of thousands of lights of all colours, quite fascinating.
       The newest and most important building to be erected in the East since the war is the Bank of China, on which I was proud to see UNION 2272's. Close by is the Cricket Ground about 3 acres in the middle of the city valued at 2 million £. but let to the British Club at 1 H.K. dollar a year.
      I was struck by the cleanliness of the men and women all over the Ear East; everything they wear is washed and ironed every day, and everything the men wear is perfectly white. One never sees a dirty person or dirty article of clothing. All the Chinese women and girls are most attractively dressed and are just as soignée as a Parisian is supposed to be. In Singapore the women wear pyjamas (I mean in daytime) and in Hong Kong long dresses with high necks. The native men dress now much better than the Europeans who wear open shirts and duck trousers, all white, a complete reversal in the last 20 years.
       There is a great deal of rain; they have 100" a year in Malaya, Singapore, Hong Kong and Ceylon, but when it does not rain the sun is shining. When the rain does come 2" an hour is quite an ordinary rate of fall. We only get here in Wolverhampton 26" a year.
       I found the climate very trying; I suppose I am too old to stand it but I was very tired every night, my feet in particular.
       Electric fans like aeroplane propellers are in all rooms set in the ceiling; I counted as many as 100 all moving in a hotel dining-room. The days of the punka are over.

This paper was undated, but the reference to Sir Harry Gurney dates it:

Extract from a web site on the internet:

Death of Sir Henry Gurney* (Oct.6th.,1951)

Text of telegram from Sir M.V. del Tufo, Chief Secretary, Federation of Malaya Govt. to Mr. Griffiths, Secretary of State for the Colonies.

"The High Commissioner's car with Sir Henry and Lady Gurney in the back of the car and the Private Secretary (D.J. Staples) in front with a Malay driver was proceeding to Fraser's Hill escorted by one Land Rover and one armoured scout car. A Police wireless van, which was also part of the convoy, unfortunately had broken down about eight miles short of the ambush position.

Party was ambushed at 1.15pm about two miles short of the Gap. Driver of the car was hit in the head on the first outburst of fire. Private Secretary managed to stop the car from falling over the edge of a precipitous slope on the left of the road and brought it to a standstill. Heavy automatic fire* was directed from the right and rear both against the High Commissioner's car and the Land Rover after first burst of fire. Gurney opened the door of the car and stepped out and was immediately shot down by heavy automatic fire.

Scout car drove up behind and with difficulty pushed past the High Commissioner's car to fetch help from the Gap police station. Intermittent fire continued at any sight of movement for about ten minutes, at the end of which a bugle was blown and the bandits withdrew. Lady Gurney and the Private Secretary remained in the car until the firing eased when they crawled out and found Gurney's body in the ditch on the right side of the road.

Officer in charge of the Scout car returned about twenty minutes later on foot with reinforcements from the Gap Police station, bandits having felled a tree across the road above the site of the ambush. Armoured vehicles from Kuala Kubu arrived on the scene about 2.15pm and engage in follow up operations.

Hogan (M.J.P. Hogan, Attorney General, FofM 1950-55) and wife were following the High Commissioner's party in their own car and were about half a mile behind at the time of the ambush. They stopped when they heard firing in front. After a few minutes telecommunication van (which had been passed by the High Commissioner's party ) appeared from the opposite direction and it was possible to tap the overhead telephone wires and communicate with Kuala Kubu. Ambush position was some half mile long and clearly carefully prepared. Estimated size of bandit party was 20. Full investigation into the circumstances is being made".

* High Commissioner 1948-51
* In a letter to the New Straits Times dated 30th.Nov.1999, D.C. Alfred wrote "the ambush party comprised 38 armed with three Bren Guns, Stenguns and rifles from 11th.Regiment Malayan Races Liberation Army and were led by Sui Mah who was subsequently killed by his own men near Ipoh in March,1959.

Federation of Malaya

In 1948 the Federation of Malaya comprised nine States(Johor, Negri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Kedah, Kelantan, Selangor, Trengganu & Perlis) governed by hereditary Sultans, and two Settlements (Malacca & Penang) governed by Governors appointed by the British Government. Each Sultan had a British Adviser appointed by the British Government to advise him on matters of Defence, Security, Trade etc., such advice did not extend to religious matters. During the occupation of Malaya by the Japanese(1941-45) the main organised opposition to the occupiers was by the Malayan Peoples Anti Japanese Army, a communist organisation comprising, mostly, Malayan Chinese. The MPAJA was supported by the British Govt. who provided arms and supplies plus British Army personnel for training purposes. Upon the defeat of the Japanese the MPAJA was disbanded and members were paid a small gratuity, arms were supposed to be handed in but not all were. Thereafter the aim of the Communist Party of Malaya was to gain control of the Malayan Govt. by destabilising it through establishment and control of Trade Unions and in this it had some success but was never able to achieve official recognition and become a legitimate political party. The CPM decided to attempt to attain their aims by armed insurrection and formed the Malayan Peoples Anti British Army with some three thousand members, again mainly Chinese although there were some Malay and Indian recruits. The insurrection started in Perak with the execution of three European rubber planters on 16th.June,1948 and other killings soon followed, mainly confined to the rural areas by way of road ambushes and assassinations, however, as the Malayan Government built up it's security forces and took administrative measures to restrict supplies to the terrorists the tide started to turn. This process was given extra momentum in 1951 when the High Commissioner was killed in a road ambush and General Templer was appointed as his successor with the additional powers as Commander of all security forces and overall control of all security operations. In mid 1955 the Government received a letter from" Supreme Command Headquarters of the Malayan Racial Liberation Army" offering to negotiate an end to the Emergency. This offer was rejected and in September a general amnesty was declared by Government:
To all who have taken up arms against the Government of the Federation of Malaya and those who have consorted with them.

1. The Government, representing the people of Malaya, make a declaration of amnesty on the following terms.
2.Those of you who come in and surrender will not be prosecuted for any offence connected with the Emergency which you have committed under communist direction, either before this date or in ignorance of this declaration
3. You may surrender how and to whom you like including to members of the public.
4. There will be no general "ceasefire" but the Security Forces will be on alert to help those who wish to accept this offer and for this purpose local "ceasefire" will be arranged.
5. The Government will conduct investigation on those who surrender. Those who show that they genuinely intend to be loyal to the Government of Malaya and to give up their communist activities will be helped to regain their normal position in society and be reunited with their families. As regards the remainder, restrictions will have to be placed on their liberty but if any of them wish to go to China their request will be given due consideration.

Kuala Lumpur
9th.September,1955

Amnesty leaflets in Malay, Indian, English and various Chinese languages were distributed widely in the Towns and Villages and air dropped over jungle areas. This led to a meeting in December,1955 between the Chief Ministers of Malaya and Singapore and Chin Peng, Secretary General of the Malayan Communist Party. Talks were held over two days but no agreement could be reached. See "The Baling Peace Talks"
General belief is that the "Emergency" was so called to avoid insurance complications should the word "War" be used, this may be so but in actual fact the entire campaign by the Government was conducted at all levels by what were designated "War Executive Committees". Every administrative District within the State had a District War Executive Committee (DWEC) and each State had a State War Executive Committee (SWEC). DWEC's were chaired by the District Officer with permanent members being the senior Police and Military officer in the District whilst SWEC was chaired by the British Adviser with permanent members being the senior Police and Military Officer in the State who were usually accompanied by their Special Branch Officer, Police, and Intelligence Officer, Military. Depending on subjects under discussion, heads of other Govt. Depts. could be called.

South America 1955

(P32-04)

5^th Saturday morning noon (paper English Club Montevideo)

I have come in here waiting for Bol????. We are going to the Grey? club for lunch.
   This club is typical. Rather like clubs in England but not so comfortable. There are about a dozen Englishmen about. It's on the first floor of a big building. Since we have had to sell the Railway, the telephones air lines?, ???? members have declined. We now only own the gas company which is foolishly enough situated on the sea front.
     I've read a F thermometer for the first time. It shows 73 degrees inside. Outside it is a beautiful day, probably 80 degrees F. (36C is blood heat).

Noon Sunday 6/3/55

I've just been to Church very nice about 50 English people. No sermon. Parson (155 ACS) ill. Lots of memorials including one to the Battle of the Plate 1939. Ajax, Achilles and Exeter. Went to the Parson's to dinner last night. V. nice but rather pathetic. He has not been "home" for 25 years and seems hopeless of doing any good. They live in a nice flat in a house 2 children. One in the Argentine Army and the other a nice little girl of 10.
     Yesterday afternoon Nathan took me around and I saw the art gallery (not so good as W'pton). It is a large Spanish type villa. Only local paintings.
     Then we went up to the hill overlooking the town. This is the monte from which the town takes its name. We had lunch again at the Grey? Club. This is the last of Uruguay. Its nice but not very important in any way. The typical capital of a small state. My bill has been about £50 - not too bad including all meals. Exchange 8.40 pesos to £1.

8/3/55 Tuesday
Lima. I arrived at 11 this morning and was met by 2 people from Milmas?. I ought to have got in last night, but the plane (Paraguay DC6) had to turn back 1 1/2 hours after leaving La Paz because of the weather. La Paz lies on the Altiplano about 14000 ft up and is surrounded by high mountains. To get to Lima the plane flies through 2 passes about 15000. The pilot is allowed only to fly on sight because of the storms and he could see nothing so he turned round and went back to La Paz where there is no proper runway and he can only land in daylight. He did it with 15 minutes to spare. I was not comfortable! We had our belts on all the time. I was a bit alarmed to be in La Paz because of the altitude 12200 ft tho' the aerodrome is 13500. The town lies in a basin. It is Spanish. A lot of Indians were about dressed native style. They managed to find me a bed with a young American at a new hotel in the main street. Rather primitive. My heart fluttered a little but nobody minded the altitude much. The agent Cowpo? met me. He is about 50 and has lived there all his life. There are a few small mud villages scattered about over the plain. Why I do not know tho' there are some cairns? Not a blade of grass (in the mountains) Not a tree tho' La Paz was quite green. We flew over the cloud this am, the snow peaks poking above and one volcano round which the pilot flew very close. It was smoking a bit. I was relieved we must have been flying over the Andes 7 hours altogether! My night in B.A was fantastic. Freeland? met me at the airport built in magnificent style by Peron but a white elephant. Only 4 planes left today. I stayed at the hotel on the aerodrome about the one visitor in perhaps 200 rooms. Freeland drove me into B.A. on a wonderful road ??? in at the Plage - the best hotel in South America he said.
    It was cheaper than England and so is Lima. Montevideo is dearer. B.A. is unbelievable. Nothing so flamboyant in all Europe or Asia. 7 pictures of Peron and 7 of Eva in the entrance hall of the aerodrome.
     No trouble so far with money or passports tho' it takes up to an hour to get through.
     Lima is more human - more like a European city (No, Hongkong) The hotel is excellent tho' no the food. Yyy? Chairman took me to lunch at the most magnificent club and I've been made a member of the U.S.-English Club, tho' no meals are served its somewhere to sit and read the papers. Its hot about 75 I should say today, but not too unbearable.
     My room at the Bolivar is good but very noisy. Trams (here or at MV - BA also) and motors hooting. However I am getting better rooms.

9/3/55
     Time goes on - I've been away a fortnight. I went to the Embassy at 6 yesterday evening and the commercial councillor Jamieson took me home - about 3 miles. He lives in a furnished house as large as the Manor House. It is built in the Spanish style and belongs to a General who failed in a coup d'etat 6 months ago and so had to fly to the Argentine!
     Lima is nice. The streets are very narrow and full of people and traffic tho' my hotel overlooks the main square - a very nice one.
     I called on customers yesterday and discussed things at Yyy?. Not too satisfactory.
     Its now 8 am. I've been writing letters since 7. I could not sleep!
     The tap water is quite filthy. I hate bathing in it. At Montevideo it was drinkable. I'm glad I had a T.A.B inoculation! There are lots of Hawkers here selling Gov't batteries. All are blind or otherwise maimed. There were no such things at M. Nor are there any announcements of money changing here. Rate 50.50.

10/3/55 Thursday
     Not a very interesting day. Called on 2-3 customers and Williams and Williams factory called*. It is a fascinating town. The architecture is Spanish and there are many courtyards as in Spain. The place is so clean. The women are soigné and clean like the Chinese in Hongkong but not pretty. The streets are full of people particularly at 7 pm. Trams are in most of the narrow streets which are chockerbloc. The shops are very good, many of them open, again like the East. The people must be poor. Wages at W & W factory are from 2/10/- to 3/-/- per week. There is no income tax at all! Sat in the club this evening and had 1/2 pt of beer 1/- but dinner at the hotel - hors d'oeuvre, cold turkey and ham a pint of beer and coffee 22/6. Hair cut 2/6 in an excellent place. Saw Peter's picture in the Tatler at the club!.

*Arrowed from Williams & Williams "manager called Lester" -> knows R. York.

   There is a lot of colour in the people Indian and negro. Very few pure Indians in the town but in the country it was a lot. The Indian women at La Paz all wear highly coloured bowler hats and shirts.

11/3/55
   In the club.
    The flowers in the shops here and at Montevideo are only Gladioli and some roses and dahlias which fade in a few hours!
   I've been for a ride this afternoon (car) to the sea thro' ???? The developments is terrific and rivals England tho' the new houses are so pretty and not for working people. They are small and have no front fences. No rain ever falls here but they seem to get water from a little river so except where they irrigate the ground is brown and barren. The hills are dreadful in their barrenness except for a few trees in the original?? Forest?? there is no vegetation at all. The streets are fascinating at Night (no twilight of course) with the many neon signs. Work starts at 7 or 8. The place closes down from 12-4 and then at 8. I've been to the Embassy again. The offices are the 6^th floor of a block, not very impressive. I had lunch at a very American hotel the Crillon. The Americans (US) are dreadful. So plain and badly dressed and there are so many of them. There is no English newspaper here and I'm cut off without news. I am continuously astonished at the cleanness of the place. Men go about the streets with pans and brushes and there is never litter anywhere. My Palm Beach suites have not yet had to be cleaned - only pressed (one suit). At home they would not last the day. My John Collins has just cost (at the club) 7.5 soles? = 4/- and a pair of nylon short socks 15/- but taxis are about 6d a mile. The place is subject to earthquakes and in 1940 Callao the sea port 8 miles away was destroyed and 3000 people killed!
      It is 116 paces from the lift to my room. Quite a distance in this climate - 6^th and top floor.
      8-45. I have just had dinner at the hotel. I had an orange to take to bed and they have charged 4.50 soles - 2/6!

     12/3/55 Saturday Evening
    I've been to the house of Williams managing director name of Lawson. It is 25 miles out from Lima. The road was quite good thro' the river valley. The mountains are quite bare and look awful but the valley is irrigated from the river - smaller than the Severn at Bridgnorth. Lima also depends on it for all water. They live in a sort of village the last one beyond the road goes in to the Andes for a long way. Its most queer to see the desolation with the patches of green. They have 4 children one at school in England and the others going soon. Mrs Lawson is English but S American for several generations. The lunch was served on a veranda. We helped ourselves the plates being enormous dishes. There were the usual flowering trees in their garden, a tennis court and a swimming pool. Except for a Danish couple next door, they seemed to have no neighbours. He goes to town in his Bristol. Sandy's Michael a very nice boy 30(?) drove me in his Riley. He has been looking after me all the week + salesmen. He's coming home next Christmas 12 months. We had a cup of tea at the club and I've been lying down since. I saw the cathedral and the old Foreign Office this morning. It is 1735 and the palace of one of the Spanish Viceroys. I'm not looking forward to the heat of Guayaquil and in fact the other places rather. That's the reason I've put my trip 2 days on - Jamaica and Cuba may be more bearable.
   I'm being taken out to lunch and a Bull fight tomorrow by Yrilberry who will put me on the plane at 7-20. I'll tell you about it later. I'll send this off tonight.

Sunday 13 March (Lima 7.30 am)
    I've had a good night (with the aid of a [sleeping pill name??] and a half) so I'll make a few notes. I have packed. I'm going to ???? away at 10-30. The weather is dull as is so often of a morning. Temp 90 I should guess. I've not had more than a sheet to cover me in bed since I landed in S.A. The North Americans as the locals call the inhabitants of the U.S come not all ???? Quite half the people in the hotel are them. Their speech, clothes features are all very vulgar. I am the only person of the UK here. Mrs Lawson (45) wants to live in England but the yanks are so clever, have so much money.
    I forgot to see Pissarro's ??? in the cathedral yesterday RC. Cathedrals leave me very cold. The people are very religious. There are shops with open fronts representing altars with prie dieu where people are always praying in full view of the passers by.

Monday 14/3/55 @ G 9-15 am.
     As I had expected this place is like Singapore as regards weather. Too hot and damp for me. I could not wear my pyjama trousers in bed partly under the sheet with an electric fan on all night. However I did not sleep too badly.
     I was met the agent at the airport at 10-20. 3 hours from Lima.
     Yesterday in Lima I went to church. Had to go by taxi about 4 miles into a beautiful suburb where the English and US have built beautiful new church with a canon as a vicar. About 75 English were there. Miss Roberts Lawson's secy was there and we had a taxi back to her flat in town and Yrilberry (Williams) came for me at one to go to their house for lunch. A beautiful house 4 miles out. Frangipani in the little square garden. Biggish house say 2500 sq ft well furnished. Very pretty Peruvian - his wife. We had a good lunch in the garden (after John Collins) and at 3 set off for the Bull fight in the old town. There were enormous crowds (1/2 women) 30000 like a football match at home. The arena is circular about 80 yards I should guess and people sat in tiers (no cover) of concrete benches. The fight began at 4. I saw 5 bulls killed and had to leave at 5-50. Only one other was to be baited. I did not find it too dreadful tho' I did hate it. 3 of the best bull fighters matadors had come from Spain for s short season. They get £3000 for a Sunday afternoon. Its fantastically dangerous for them. The crowd got very excited of course and several times the matadors were nearly gored. I do not want to see another. It’s a degrading sight particularly for women. I suppose all the best people were there. It was very colourful.
    Coming back to the airport with Yrilberry thro' the old town I saw a well dressed man making water in the gutter. In all these places there is a vast gulf between the rich and poor tho' the poor are clean as regards clothes.
     This place (Guayaquil) is something like the others. Anyway you would know you were in a Latin town. There are many more negroes Indians and cross breeds here and the buildings tho' not old are shabbier. My room (Hotel Humbolt) faces the river - a mile wide. The current is taking masses of lumps of grass down just as at Bangkok. It is noisy with road and river traffic. It is a new building but primitive and so is the food. I have got a bathroom again. Its not expensive. I'm not spending my allowance.
     Humbolt was the German who discovered the current which comes up the west from the South Pole. There is a so called English club. Its small and a mile away. I may go down after dinner. The dining room is on the top (6^th) floor and it is an interesting view. I am again the only Englishman. All the others are either Ecuadorians or mostly U.S. many with wives.
     In all countries so far there is the welfare state patterned on us I think. Nobody seems to care about politics or earthquakes. The poor are very poor all the same.

15/3/55
     I walked home from the club last night at 9-30. The streets were very quiet. There seems to be no night life tho' plenty of cinemas.

16/3/55 Quito 9 pm.
     I have had dinner and I'm feeling a bit tired. The altitude 9000 ft may be the reason but I had a bad night. It is v hot in Guayaquil. The scaffolding amuses me. Stinks of new ?? like the rest! They grow the best cocoa here and today it is spread over the Road most unsanitary. There are v few of the awful American presented? pipe organs in the hotels. They remind me of a crematorium. To build a new cathedral, the Govt make people pay a tax on turnover I think. It is an awful building ???? windows broken seating because of many kinds. I've never seen anything so tawdry. It will not be finished for years they say. Cogan took me round this am. There are no road outside the town and the houses except in the dreary suburbs are flimsy and filthy. There is no good road even in the town. The people all look poor compared with Lima and not a dozen people staying in the big (Humbolt) hotel. Shepperd?, the M.D. of Anglo-Ecuadoriana took me to the club for lunch. A big building but only 3 or 4 others lunching.
     I have to return for 10 hours on 18 to get my plane to Panama.
     Quito is much better tho' I only arrived at 4. The pilot could not find a way in thro' the clouds for an hour? They cannot fly on instruments as at La Paz and I had the wind up. Mountains up to 23000 all round! The central heating is on!

17^th morning Quito.
     I have just had breakfast - an omelette. The restaurant here and at Guayaquil is on the top floor about 9^th. The other buildings are low so the view is interesting. The windows overlook the cathedral and Parliament Square. Roofs look very tinny. There is a mist on the hills. The hotel is quite good - new and I have again a bathroom. As usual most of the other guests are US. I saw the chargé d'affairs yesterday - the Ambassador is away. He's a youngster about 35. Nice but not impressive. His office is a villa about a mile out in the suburbs. Apart from him there seem only to be a man also 35 doing duty as commercial attaché. I had my window open for most of the night. No blanket. I should guess the temp is just over 60F. There are vast numbers of churches and since about 6 all of them seem to have been tolling.
    I think I will send this off with my other letters.
    All the English speaking people were not born in England. They have been here for generations and in many cases have married local women.

18/3/55 Quito 9-15 am.

    I have just had breakfast. My plane leaves at 12-30 for Guayaquil. I do not leave G for Panama until about 10-30 tonight. It’s a very pleasant morning. I've put on my palm beach suit because it will be so hot this afternoon. Still I'm not even cool now. My cold bath I see now was 60 and at G. 70. If there are clouds the plane may have to wait until it is clear to get thro' the mountains. They cannot fly in clouds.
    I went to McDonald's (the manager here) to dinner last night. He lives in a v. nice house in the suburbs. English tho' he and his wife as usual seem to have lived abroad most of their lives. It was the only really good meal I have had in Ecuador. They are me round to see the sights. I have seen the most famous church. Covered mainly with entirely with gold leaf. V. gaudy. The people here are very religious RC of course. Its tawdry like the RC churches in the Latin countries.

19^th March Panama Hotel.

     The most fantastic hotel I have ever seen. I had an air conditioned room, but Panama is not hotter than Guayaquil. I arrived about 3-15 am and slept till 7-30. P. has only 800,000 inhabitants but lives I imagine on its canal transit passengers. There is a street of shops "inside" the hotel but it seems to be all offices. A swimming pool (tho' there is one at the Humbolt at G.). Mainly all U.S. people. The servants black and very efficient. The bedroom is one of a series connected by ???? ????. There are 2 "beds", sleeping couches on the 8^th floor. Its just like I imagine the US to be like very expensive and elaborate. Poor old England is a hundred years behind the times!
   I have been most interested to see the boot blacks everywhere. Round the main square in Quito between the ???? especially. There are also lots of open shops Eastern in appearance all round too.

19^th Sat again evening.
     Barranquilla. I have arrived here. It was a terribly long time getting thro' the passports over an hour. There was no-one to meet me but I managed quite well and shared a taxi with some Americans to the El Prado Hotel which is excellent rather like Raffles Singapore. I've got an air-conditioned room for the first time its quiet! The proposed agent has been to see me with a man who supposed himself to speak English. Its going to be painful. Cost 5/-/- a day and so not too bad. Dollars fetch a premium of 3.20 instead of 2.80. Pound at par 7. So I'm glad I brought dollars.
     Its lonely having no-one who can speak English. I hope I do not get ill! That is the main fear always however so far I an very well. There is a British consul in this place and I've been I touch with him. The servants are black as at Panama.

9pm Sunday 20/3/55

    I've come up to my room. As usual there's nowhere suitable to sit and there's so much wind (as at Quito) that its uncomfortable tho' of course not cold!
    The new agent, and his interpreter, his wife (a German who speaks a little English) and one of their children came and fetched me at 4 and took me round the place. The town is very poor all built in the last 25 years and the suburbs are good tho' not equal to Lima or Montevideo. We passed a ??? along part of the river where there's a market. The smell was the worst I have ever smelt and vultures were flying around.
    They took me to their house a small but quite pretty bungalow - near to the hotel and they brought me back. At 6-30 the consul and his wife picked me up and I went to their flat also near the hotel quite nice. He has some foreign blood in him - she is S. American. I think the UK Govt should spend more on entertaining properly people like me and have better representatives. I was glad to get a good mail this morning and the Times (weekly of the 17^th) I've run out of tobacco and so I'm smoking local cigarettes broken up. I've been away over a month!
    The consul took me to church this morning at 11. The building is near the Town. It is on the street and there is no glass in the windows. It is like a poor Welsh NC church. There were about 60 people, mostly Americans by whom it is run - the Rockerfellow fortune mainly. I brought away the programme. There is no English church here.
     There is no "country" or not understand the term so far in S America. The nearest is Quito where it is green for the most part. McDonald and family are coming to the UK this year. I must remember.
     $3.60 (2.80 par?)
£5.50 (7 par?) on the street.

     The observatory at Quito is most interesting and well equipped. They have a "wild" wind vane for estimating the Beaufort Scale. I must get one. All the streets are numbered Calle. The cross roads are called Carrera which means? road so that antomulliendly?? Calle gives way to Carrera Barranquilla.

6pm 21^st.

I've had a day with the consul and now I'm going to the country club with Bell of Tracey - I've decided to go to Bogota tomorrow.
     I forgot to tell you the people at Quito took me for a drive to the Equator. There's a monument there. The country was wild? - again like S. Africa. The people riding in Donkeys and having a very primitive existence. The tarred road ran for about 10 miles and after it becomes a dirt track.

22/3/55 El Prado Barranquilla
   Bell took me and Mr and Mrs Dawson (consul) to dinner at the country club last night. It’s a fine affair (had meat!) but except for a party of business people only 2 others were dining. 3 or 4 people played tennis on the floodlit courts. Bell was at Westward Ho. It came out last night. He must have realised I had forgotten when I went to his office I thought his face was familiar. His wife is in England and family at Braintree.
    He and Dawson have been most kind and have arranged my passage to Bogota and to be met there by Tracy and the commercial attaché warned etc.
    I have now only a week left in S.A. I only hope I can remember it and that trade will result. This place is so w??. 50 years ago when the merchant travellers (tho' [name?] of R.P.) came here they must have had a rough time. No communications except the river Magdelena and mules and Bogota 500 miles away in the mountains! Bell lent me th D Telegraph of the 19^th yesterday 21^st!

8am Bogota 23/3/55.
Tequendama Hotel.

    I arrived last night by Avianca - a Columbian airline DC4. Over the mountains again! 8660 ft above sea level.
    I'm on the 17^th floor of this new American Hotel room 1728. I was met by Tracey's manager Mr Robson which was very nice of him as they do not want this agency. They are just prospective customers. The view from my window is fantastic looking upon the main square and the mountains beyond. But this am there is quite a fog. Visibility 150 yards. The hotel is v. inexpensive. Room only 32 pesos nominal 7 = £1. My US dollars are now fetching 3.60 (nominal 2.50) so I'm saving a lot 33 1/3% in fact. I did not sleep well. Its not the altitude. The weather is early English summer. The hotel is central heated and tho' mine is not "on" the room I quite hot.
     I went to Bell's flat to lunch yesterday. He "did" it out of tins. His family is in England but it looked so lonely for him. Then Tamara took me to the airport. The aeroplane was crammed with Colombians - dark and swarthy and talkative. I cannot imagine who stays at this hotel and where the money comes from.
     I forgot to say that while I was being driven round the (very pretty houses) suburbs of Barranquilla the other day, an Iguana ran into the road and stopped. We got out and looked at it but it did not move and we went on. There are a lot of vultures flying round all the time.

Evening 23^rd

     I'm waiting for Robson and his wife to take me out to dinner. It is very good of them. The cost is so high - my breakfast cost 15/- only an omelette and coffee.
     I've been round all day with him. The Embassy are efficient and produced and agent, but I am appointing a friend of Robson I think.
     Bogota is magnificent in places like this hotel but a mile from the centre it is very poor.

     A. Bell Tracey Barranquilla
     McDonald Anglo Ecuadoriana Quito
     Lawson - Milve?

24/3/55 Thursday 9 am.

     I've just had my hair cut 9/- + tip! This place is really too perfect and inhuman. Its so clean too vacuous, disinfectant? Etc.
     I've been round Ironmongery again this am. One large firm 3 directors German on a prisoner of war 1915 at Hickmans Bilston and one an airman. Had Robson and the new (German) agent to lunch. Bogota lacks the colour of men and women's clothes. The Indians wear a specially made little ????

26th March 1955.

Hotel Avila.

CARACAS.

A fabulous city. 93% of its income is in oil.

     I must finish BOGOTA first. The new agent - Kesslar - and his very nice
wife took me out to Dinner to an old Spanish restaurant. A pretty place doomed I'm afraid to be pulled down for a skyscraper. It is in one of the picturesque narrow streets just like all the other S.A, towns.
     K.C. Robson of Traceys took me to the Airport.   Started at 6.30. for the 7.40 (4 hours trip) Avianca (Colombian) plane. It took 1 1/4 hours for the passengers to get through the Controls (the worst yet) and so the plane started 1/2 hour late. I might not have got there (some sort of health certificate one Official said I had not got) but for Robson's speaking Spanish. 4 hour trip through the cloud and over the mountains.
     I missed the colour of the peoples clothes at Bogota. They all wore dark
European weight though it was quite warm. That’s a feature of the tropic the cleanliness and brightness of men and women's clothes.
     The passport business is really ridiculous. One English business traveller was carrying 4 passports; there was not enough room in his case for the visas etc.
          One of Zander's people (D.R. Klein) met me. The road from the Airport to Caracas 11 miles they claim to be one of the wonders of the world. Lighted all the way. 2 tunnels (one a mile and 1/4 long) and many bridges climbing from sea level to 3000 at Caracas over a pass 3400ft. Something like the pictures in THE TIMES of 22.3.55, which I have just bought for 2/6!

     4.30.
     I have just had a cup of tea 5/- by the Swimming Pool of the hotel. Its just under my window (3rd floor). There are only 3 (women?) and 6 lonely men reading. Everybody except me is U.S. I'm sick of hearing and seeing them.     Its not hot - perhaps 80 and there's a breeze. Its a very nice hotel, the best and most pleasant yet - not as wildly expensive as I had expected. The Venezuelans are very proud of their city. They are spending heaps of money pulling down the old streets and buildings and so it will be 100% U.S. without character. This is not the newest and most expensive hotel. The U.S. Company has just put one up 3 or 4 miles away - an ugly block - enormous.
         I've been in Zander's (another Jew) office and seen 20 Ironmongers this morning. We have sold nothing yet here. All sales so far have been "up country".
         Here also vultures are flying round the hotel;   people say they are scavengers.
           The windows have mosquito netting. The view from my window as at Quito is of the mountain over the garden - beautiful.

          27^th.Sunday,   5.45.p.m.
           A dreary evening! I've been out to lunch to Zander's Secretary's flat - Miss Simsone Edificio Puerite ANAUCO Apartemento N.E. Esquire Puerito ANAUCO, Caracas! She had also 3 friends and a child, one who was in the French Army at Wrottesley and the others from B.Guiana - with colour I think. She called for me at 1. We started eating at 2.15 and finished at 4. I insisted on coming home at 4.30. Still it was kind and a good lunch.
           I went to church this a.m. Very nice. A little building rather better than Codsall Wood. Anglican. It was practically full and the Ambassador was there.
           Its been a lovely day. Temp about 85 but it is not sticky. I've sat in the sun for an hour. There was some rain early this a.m. So far I have not used a blanket on my bed since I left England.
           The Zanders took me to their house last night at 7.a.m. American couple also there. He's the biggest piston ring manufacturer in the world and nice. Zander is his agent. Polish I think. She is pure Yankee but I was quite amused. Mrs.Z. is Jewish too I think some U.S. European origin. Good looking.   Their house is just like the Yilberry's at Lima, beautifully kept but unlived in. They took us to a Theatre Club to dinner. No theatre - there was dancing and they brought me home at mid-night. All these people respect the English in a most extraordinary way. I'm afraid as museum pieces!
       The people as I have said are very religious. One taxi I was in in Bogota had a Virgin & Manger lit up on its dashboard.
             I have finished work here, I fly D.V. at 7.30. in the morning for Jamaica. I shall be glad to get on to British Territory where everybody I hope will understand me. I've spent a busy day tho' - it is almost as difficult to get about, there is so much traffic, as in London.
             I had a good mail today dated 21at. Very slow. The weather has been perfect again and is now quite cool 7.30 p.m.

            30.3.55.
            Courtleigh Manor Hotel. Kingston, (Still open 2020!)
                             Jamaica,
            Arrived yesterday to schedule except that Feld (of Zander) was to call for me at 6 to take me to la Guaire and at 6.20. had not arrived so I took a taxi. I was alarmed because I expected trouble with my papers but there was none. Fortunately I was travelling again KLM. and they understood English. Only half a dozen people on the plane - a Convair -. We touched down at Aruba which has the largest refinery in the world (Creole - Standard Oil).
   Mucklow was not at the Airport and so I had to take a taxi.   I had no money so I cashed a dollar bill at the Airport. Dollar and Sterling seem to be equal currency here. He was at the hotel when I arrived and had been to the Airport but had missed me.
   We had lunch here and then went to the Cricket ground to watch W.I. v. Australia Test Match. 25,000 present. A very good ground but a terrible wicket. No grass on it.
   Its a poor sort of hotel but out of the town and facing the mountains. Its very hot but very cool at night, I've got the            bedroom.
   The Australian Cricketers are staying here and so it is very full and I'm 2 days early. I find that Montego Bay is 120 miles away. I must see that fabulous place.

   30. 3. 55.    8.30.P.M.

   Cricket again ! from 11.30 to 1. Then I took a taxi to the hotel returning to the ground 5 miles away at 5.30. 30,000 people there again and I only saw a very few whites, say 100, all told.
     I'm very glad Mucklow and his wife are English.   They have 2 children, a girl 16 just leaving school and a boy 12. The schools are all mixed. It seems peculiar. The natives vary from childish to capable.
        I am hoping the cricket will be over tomorrow. The Australian teams are here. Very decent lot I should think,
      The district round the hotel is good residential but very dried up and the roads unfinished. The flowers are as usual Bougainvillea, crotons, hibiscus, oleander which blooms well
     This hotel is quite pathetic in its unsophistication. I don't mind but for instance there is a bookcase the Manageress proudly showed me. There are about 20/30 cloth-covered books and a dozen Penguins and yet the price is £5.15.0. a day American plan i.e. including meals. This was so at Barranquilla too the others European plan.

       Winter Robson.
        31. 3. 55 Kingston.
       More cricket this morning but as it was practically over at lunch time the Mucklow family took me into town for lunch (I paid £5.0.0.). Then we went for a drive to see Hope Gardens the Jamaica Botanical gardens. Not very exciting. It is all so dry and parched. They are about the size of Wolverhampton Park. All the usual shrubs and some annuals - verbena, salvia, etc. Then we went to see a new reservoir and the site of a house where the M's are going to build.   Very wild and dry under the mountains but beautiful compared with Lawson's at Lima.
     Kingston is not very progressive. The streets are badly paved, electric wires festooned all over the place as in the S. American countries. The buildings are no more than 3 storey in Central African or Indian style with wide verandahs and in the town arcaded.
     I shall be glad to be getting down to work tomorrow.
     I had a good mail today but I'm worried that mine do not seem to be arriving maybe they are under-stamped by the hotels and sent seamail. My room is fantastic, in an outbuilding, still there seams to be several like the Rondavels of Africa, Its 10 x 8 with a funny little basin. Next door is a primitive shower and a W.C. and next door to that (no proper bolts) the Manageress's room. She has to use the shower, etc. Still we have not clashed so far! I move into a fine one they say on Friday when the Australians have gone.

   1.4.55. Friday.

         This place is more comfortable and ??????? than any of the others. Everybody says Good Morning - only English is spoken. I can read papers in English and hear the BBC. news. I am moving from my cramped quarters this morning. The Australian Team does not go until 5, a.m. tomorrow. I went to the Cinemascope last night and saw The Student Prince - open air theatre - quite full. I was interested tho' the show is U.S. I'm rather distressed by the U.S. influence here. Their Stock Prices are quoted in the press and only our Government Securities. Nothing much can be imported however from U.S.

         2. 4. 55. Courtleigh Manor.
         8.45. a.m.     1.45. in UK.
         I've just had breakfast and am waiting for the Mucklows who are going to take me to Montego Bay for the night in their old Riley. Its 120 miles but I'll tell you about it tomorrow.
        This hotel is a large bungalow villa in the suburbs about 3 miles from town. The terraced Rondavels have been added. I am in a nice room but public.   There is a verandah on which I am writing, a brown lawn and the swimming pool.

(Rough diagram of room)

                           Cupboards
                           Bathroom
                           Beds
2
doors
                                            Windows

              with little curtains blowing about.

No privacy. Black servants of course. The Australians have gone. I think there are not a dozen guests now. Vultures are flying around as usual.
              The Mucklows came to dinner last night and after took me up to the Jamaica Inn about 5 miles away in the hills. Its a fantastic place. Very nice and full of people eating and drinking. There was a wood fire burning more for show than need. It is very pretty the Hope River running in a gorge in the garden. Lots of lights very dimmed.

     I was interested in the price list. Visitors from overseas pay almost twice the locals. There is here and everywhere a pretty blue vine growing. They say it is called Petrea.
     It is hot again of course.
     In Mucklows office yesterday the temp. was 86°. I do not feel tired in spite of it but I would prefer it 10° cooler. It is night and the mountains in front look beautiful. The blue mountains where they grow (they claim) the best coffee in the world.
     A yellow shrub like a Hibiscus which they call Alamanda is everywhere. The blooms are about 4" across, single. There is lots of plumbago of course but very few things are or can be properly grown.
     The native question is, as in so many places a problem.   Here they are equal with the whites and mix up with them. Some are quite white but their children may be black. I'm afraid it will go quite black. No one
wears a hat and I am getting less afraid of the sun.

     3.4.55, Chatham Hotel. Montego Bay.
     The fabulous place! except for about 3 US. money-built hotels there is nothing fabulous, oh! the sea, sky and sun. No Casino or night life. Nothing like Monte Carlo. I do not think there is even a Golf Course. The sea is about 75° I imagine. This hotel is poor because the road is between it and the sea, and the sea cannot be seen except the horizon from the bedroom. The most expensive of the hotels is £7 a day in the Season. American plan. The drive over was quite beautiful - all green Banana, Coconut and sugar plantations. Lots of jungle like wild parts.
     We came over the mountains and had lunch at a beautiful place called Shaw Park Hotel standing in a lovely garden overlooking the blue Caribbean 1000 down below, 120 miles from Kingston. As it gets dark at 6.15 the nights are long and there is nothing to but go to bed. The hotels have no downstairs doors except to bedrooms, etc. Apparently Night Watchmen look after the loose property which is of course about.

      9.15 p.m.
     The weather is nearly perfect. Cool about 75° I should guess. I've been to see some friends of Geoffrey Foster's (H. Radcliffe). 79 Hope Rd) a couple of miles away, charming old people. The man about 75 and the wife 10 or more years younger. The journey home was OK. We had a drink at the original fabulous hotel Casa Blanca. Very nice but cheek by jowl with the poverty of the negroes. I shall never pine to go to Montego Bay again.


4. 4. 55.   5.p.m.

      I've had a good day. Seen several customers, all excellent and very friendly. We have an excellent agent (came through the T.C.). His salesman who goes round with me is coloured - Moody is a splendid type and his wife is delightful also coloured. Ha takes me to lunch on his way home with his wife who is a clerk. I've just been into a shop and asked for a squash orange to their surprise - they produced a pint glass and told me it contained 6 oranges. No water or sugar but some ice. I wanted it like that but not 6. All the shops are little stores.
       It has been hot again 86 in the shops but the mornings and evenings are perfect. I've just had a cold bath and am writing this nearly baked in my room which is very nice but I cannot even see the sky unless I stand up because of the covered windows and verandah both sides and yet the view to the North over the garden and swimming pool of the mountains is very beautiful and green in spite of the drought and sun.
         I've just had a splendid mail from home of the 26. 28. 30th and 31st.

         6. 4. 55.   8.45. a.m.
                Courtleigh Manor Hotel,

          I've just been listening to the Wireless. and reading the "Daily Gleaner" on the retirement of Churchill. Its a pity the London papers are on strike. It has been most moving.
          Its a lovely morning again but from 12-4 its too hot for me. This hotel has many good points. My black maid Mary is excellent - looks after me as if I was a child!
          I went to a fantastic house last night (Webster a customer). His father built the house in the Spanish style and the garden was made by the present owner - quite beautiful but in the suburbs.
         Moody (40?) and his very pretty attractive wife (about 30 + ?) came in for dinner and they took me up the mountains to look down on Kingston. He is about half black and she quarter I should guess. I drank rum, twice yesterday. More like whiskey than the rum we get in England. Its 11/- a bottle.

Cuba 7/4/55 Hotel National.

This is altogether a fabulous place. More so than anywhere so far. Its enormous my room. 6^th floor facing the sea is $16 a night European plan. Vast rooms but nobody ever seems to use them. This writing room (its 7.30 pm) is like the packing room and I am the only person in it. Its hot The season is over at this end of the island. I shall be cooked after a week of this. All the Mucklows and Woody send me off this morning from Kingston. They all gave me presents Mucklow - a bottle of Rum, Mrs a pen-desk affair and Woody a tape measure!
The party last night was a huge success, about 60 people, invited from 6.30 to 8, they stayed till after 11. The food was fantastic - a pig and a turkey as main dishes. We ate on the lawn in front of the Mucklow's bungalow in the suburbs. They had strung lights about and there was a full moon.

      I was met at the airport here by the Cuba agent's brother-in-law's son abut 14. This boy spoke a few words of English. Poor people in a very poor office. They took me there after leaving my luggage here. They have no car and no telephone. I have spoken to the commercial attaché but business was over for the day and tomorrow he will not be on duty. In weeks time I hope to be over the Atlantic.
      He had to drive along the front. Its like a glorified Eastbourne and thro' the old town. Very picturesque like the other Latin towns only bigger.
      Its of course full of Americans, none of them attractive to look at.
      I understand that margarine is never used in S. America. Tho' butter is 9/- several? places. The difference between rich and poor is very great.
      There is a series of eating rooms on the floor than the entrance hall. I am dining in the main one now. Its quite a beautiful room. All the walls covered by printed wall papers of Cuban scenes mainly of the old times. There are about 40 others dining. I am having the table d'hôte at $4.50. The room is air-conditioned. 1/2 a grapefruit fish (quite good) a desert and coffee.

6pm 8/4/55 Good Friday.
       I am sitting in the Bar and having a gin and tonic. $25 + 15 tip = 8/6. (I have had no tea). The first and last one.
(A3M: 8/6 1955 = £7.3 2004!)
Still its air-conditioned, tho' its not been so hot today. Its like Sunday. I've been to the American club but tho' open no-one was there except one old man. There was no service. I had an introduction from an Englishman I met at church this morning. The church is American Episcopalian. Like C of E in the States tho' nothing to do with our Archbishops. It is a cathedral the (US) Diocese of Cuba. Small very nice and about 60 people there. I was brought back to the hotel. I had a talk to the Dean who conducted the service. Otherwise I have had a lonely day. I could not sleep this afternoon. I walked back (1 1/2 miles) from the club thro' the old town. Very quiet, but interesting - one very straight street almost all the way.
      I'm reading Nine Troubled Years - the best I could find in Jamaica where I read 2, one by Nigel Balchin - Creditors [Sundry Creditors, A3M] - quite good and the other by H.E. Bates - the Feast of July - not so good.
      This place is of course all Yank. It would appear to be part of the US. I have not seen a British car or anything else. Still the whole of Latin America is nearly the same.

     6.30 pm 9/4/55 Saturday
     I've had a dreary day. Hair cut after breakfast $1.05. Burberry at 10 to meet Mr Lewty the this 2^nd Secy re an agent. The nephew of the old one also came. I'm trying to get hold of the Johnson's man but he evidently away. The other applicant met me at the American Club and we had lunch there. Its quite nice. After I walked round the old town. I saw Columbus Cathedral - a poor affair to my thinking and then came back to the hotel at 4. I'm going to sit out I think. There seem to be several places ????
     It’s a big town and really quite nice I think. Very like the others but bigger. Motor ?? are blowing all the time. Most places now they are prohibited.
      The weather has been slightly cooler not more than 85 (minimum 68) I think and a strong wind. I fell down in the street! My iron tips skidded. Fortunately there was no damage.

9/4/55 Havana 9.15 pm.
I have just had dinner with an American and his wife from Kansas. Very decent people. I met them on a motor tour this afternoon. There were several American woman. All touring as they all seem to be. We had a ??? affair. Went over a marvellous?? ?? garden (saw the old man) the guide ?? took us in. Not very nice. Very good suburbs and rich. Saw ???? for a few ??? and various things growing in a sort of small holding tobacco etc and a vine climbing a royal palm as they call the palmolive tree.
   I went to church this am 10-30 communion. The church was packed almost all U.S. Everybody stayed to communion. The bishop preached. The congregation looked well dressed in their palm beach clothes.
   I've tried cannot get in touch with the proposed agent. I'm very worried about it. Also my money is none too much. I'm frightened too if loosing my passport and papers. Its been a nightmare all the time. However its nearly over. My ??????? was silly.
    There is a very wide double track road running round the bay (in front of the hotel) but no promenade and no-one walks on it or on the beach of which this is ???.
     One thing I have noticed throughout. Nothing appears to be done for housing the poorer classes ?? which there are many.
     This afternoon we saw a dead horse on the side of the main road, waiting for the vultures I suppose.

11/4/55 9pm, Havana Tuesday.
      I am just waiting to be taken by the commercial attaché and his wife to La Tropicana, a night club and a casino. Its very hot and I've put on my lightest summer suit and I can hardly bear it. I've had dinner in the dining room here for a change $4. Soup chicken and a bottle of beer. I'm a bit worried about money. I think I shall have plenty but I do not want to be stranded in New York!
       Well yesterday morning at 9 I managed to get I touch with xxx?. He came and fetched me and he's a great find. Very strongly supported by Lewty the commercial sec'y. I've called on several customers and they are enthusiastic about him. His daughter works for him. Camilla and 2 salesmen. Their English is a bit sketchy. I've had ??? and ???? with the reps of the late agent and cannot even see the brother and so have no ?? or samples. We've been dashing about the city all the time in taxis. Its an amazing place full of cars and taxis and very narrow streets like all the other places except Jamaica only more so - a multitude of narrow streets all one way and all the same! I've never been in so many taxis in my life. Had a good lunch at La Florida today with a rum drink excellent! I shall be glad to be on the plane in 36 hours not having been ill, lost my papers or scraped through without money.** I feel I ought to bring somebody to look after these things. I was relieved to get hold of xxx?. There has been no rain in Havana for over 5 months!

**Note on facing blank page:
No revolution
No earthquakes
No tornadoes, all of which are more than possible.

9.15 pm. 13^th Havana
     I've just finished packing. Xxx? Wanted me to go to dinner but its so hot 88 I felt couldn't. I've spent today again in the city - its quite fascinating and I think my money is OK. This am I went out to Miramar? beyond Vedado? to see the ???. He the old man lives in past style. Has 8 sons and 1 daughter. As usual the house was unlived in. All unable ??? ???? here. Lunch again at Florida. Excellent. Last night I was taken by xxx? And good looking wife and Lewty and wife to the famous night club La Tropicana. A fantastic place apeing Monte Carlo but falling short. We had a drink a walk round and came home at 12. The floor show does not start till 12.
     All furniture is of course mahogany here - locally ???? or yank.
There's an enormous apartment building being erected outside my window about 25-30 stories. It might be in any city in the world. Old ???? in streets always camberous clothes and adequate ??? have ?? appeared.
     I've only spoken to one Englishman in these hotels during the whole town and that was at Caracas? All often are US and very poor specimens? Come over for the weekend ie Havana is by far the most impressive place.
      It’s a great pity about culture too. I tried to get to see museums and art galleries. Even here where they built an enormous new one, there was nothing to see. There seem to be no? old master in the whole of the continent.

On Board KLM 15/4/55:

    After a very exasperating day yesterday, I seem now to be on the last but one leg.
    After leaving Havana the air hostess told me that Idlewild was closed and we were to land at Pittsburgh 300 miles from NY. There were rumours all the way, but finally we landed at Newark an hour in the bus from the centre of New York. It took us 2 hours to get thro' the Doctor, passports and customs worse even than Caracas, so I did not get into N.Y. till 8-30pm. My BOAC did leave after all. I was more than lucky to find a very helpful man at the BOAC office after several enquiries he managed to get me on this plane and I think the last seat on it. For a time I thought I was delayed for days. National Airlines got me a bed at the Shelbourne Hotel where I arrived at 9pm, fed up. However they found me some good food and a quiet room and so with a pill I had a good night. NY is as expected at night but worst interestingly by day. I walked along 5^th Avenue this am and found it dull. Not many cars nor people compared with say Piccadilly and interesting buildings. I was sorry. Its upset my home coming as this plane goes to Prestwick. I am going to try to catch the BEA plane to B'ham. The weather was quite bad yesterday but it did not seem to me to be bad enough to close down Idlewild. Its very dull compared with Heathrow. Very poor buildings, not many people about and the grass quite brown. The drive to the airport is not interesting except for the tunnels. London again much more interesting and attractive. I'm waiting for lunch. Its 2-10 and I'm hungry but KLM do you well. National Airlines were not good.

16/4/55 In the train at Crewe! Another chapter of ????? events. We landed at Prestwick on time 5-30 am. 11 hours flight I did not sleep a wink anyhow it was only 12-30 by New York time. Prestwick was wonderful - a delightful Scottish lassie met us (only 2 passengers were landing. No formalities. They gave us breakfast in a v. nice dining room - quite the most genteel I have seen on this trip - everything was so nice and clean and quiet. A woman wanted to go on to London and the plane for L and B'ham fly from Renfrew 25 miles away so they (KLM) sent us in an old Rolls. When we got there I found KLM in NY had not booked me a seat and the plane was full so I had to have a taxi to Glasgow and take the 10-5 train on which I now am. I went to the hotel had a bath telephoned to 43 Codsall. Ran into Jack Douglas of Jo'burg and now I am nearly home. It already seems like a dream. Its so warm but the scene is not bright as in the tropics. Altogether a most exasperating 2 days.

Letter from Moscow – 1966 & the Diary

(P32-05)

12/9/66 7.30 pm Moscow time, 5.30 uk

Darlings
I have just got to my room - its quite good and there is a bathroom. On the 8^th floor No 804. Peter and Joan are on the same floor. I am waiting for my baggage so I can't do anything except wash. Quite a good journey 3 1/2 hours. Weather bad very low cloud and raining. It’s a very quick road from the airport. It’s a fantastic hotel - the ground floor like a railway station. We have had a cup of good coffee and dinner is at 8. Goodness knows if and when you will get this letter. I am glad I am not here by myself, the language problem is considerable.
      There are no advertisements so the town looks dull. The people party look quite good - much better - socially than a European tour. I must go down.
      Please send this on to Bunch.
                  Lots of love.

Russia Diary September 1966

This is a transcription of AJ’s tour to Russia in 1966: it was one organised by Cadogan Travel, who were a leader in exotic holidays at the time.
This is as accurate as I could decipher – my mother and AJ’s secretary were the only people able to read his writing!
He was accompanied by Peter and Joan White, old friends and someone called Allison Parry (do not know who she was). Another couple in their group was Lord Cameron, who went on to become an eminent judge. The tone of this is that he did not much enjoy it, but it is an interesting view of Russia long before it became more modern.
It makes slightly sad reading in his expressed loneliness – I (Antony) have transcribed this at the same age as AJ was when he wrote and I too have been a widower for a long time – I know it is not the same travelling as a single person.

Russia 11/9/66
Card
Pc’s
R 1 letter                          B 1 letter
CA 1                                Angela 1
?? 1                                Rh 11 (Rosemary)
Joy 1 letter (Power)                      ??
Cyl   Cyril ?                       GS 1 (Gilbert Smith vicar?)
HHS 1 Hilda Hutchinson Smith        Di 1 (Di Smith)
Mr S 1                              Pritchard 1 (Gardener)
Ernie 1                             G Dus 1
GDS 1                               ECF 1 (Ted Fryer)
WEE 1 (Will Egar?)                  JW 1 (John Williams?)
??? 1                               LS 1 (Leslie Southall?)
Howell 1                            Saxby 1 (Housekeeper & husband)
Lindley 1                           P. Foster 1
Cleabarrow Cottage 1 (CA house??)

10 Sep 66
Oaken,
This I am afraid will be a dreary account of my doing which could be found in the official handout. I can only hope that there will be – the second guessing interesting extras forward
It cannot be personal either much as I wish it could be also.
Its quite a thing to come to be leaving with no possibility of communications and to have so little idea what you will all be doing when I am out of the way. The older I get the more I seem to need companionship. The world is such an exciting place, and my ambition for seeing it is greater than ever but not alone nor in company with strangers.
I feel so ridiculously young in spite of my 75 years, my power to be – and to be interested is (are?) greater now than ever. I think as is also my desire to better the world and yet I am so impotent. Its the same with the works. I see my life to have been for different and better products and I still am (quote Longfellow “For age &c”[iv])

BE 910
I leave London at 1040 but I do not know the time of arrival.
I get back to London in 26th evening 4/45.
I have just come in from the wreath ... laying at the Methodist church
Quite successful.
I had to make a speech which amused the audience. Only 3 or 4 officers present a pity.
Now I must pack.
9.15pm Sunday 11/9/66
At the A&N[v] Club
I am in my room just going to bed – the Parrys have gone. They came at 7 and we had a cold supper in the snack room. Nothing else to report – the Club very quiet. The Maitlands came (to home) for lunch and took me to the 2.35. I shall have to have a pill of I shall have difficulty in sleeping. Norman P rang up with further instructions – now I shall have no news till tomorrow week –
I have 2 new books “ The Pocket Venus[vi]”?? & or Reith[vii]. I hope will be interesting.

3 AM Monday. London Pandora’s box has come open again. It happens every night however many pills I take and all the worrying thoughts come out till about till about 4
3/30 Russian time 1/30 pm UK summer time
I had just had a good lunch. I am sitting between Joan & Peter & wishing all sorts of things
I wish I could put down them.
We arrive in Moscow in ¼ of an hour. I feel lonely but the people on board who I imagine are all in the “party” seem to be suitable middle aged. It’s a lovely day above the clouds. Temperature in the plane right.
I have had a gin but I upset the first drink so have to have a second to keep up my spirits! No letter this am at the club.
10.20pm Moscow time 8.20 UK time
Well I am here all according to plan, the party seems to have a dining room to itself. We are at a table (fortuitously) with besides Alison Parry an elderly friend of hers – a Scottish Judge[viii] of the High Court and his beautiful young (2nd) wife. So that is satisfactory. We might have had funny people.
It’s a curious hotel enormous (my room is 822, the Whites 804). The ground floor is like a railway station, but
8 – shows table plan opposite.
I have a bathroom and it is clean. The weather is as in England.
I felt so lonely when we arrived like when (what did he call Granny?) Bthald??? Died. I hate being on my own (G Darley!) as well as “____”. I have not brought a Palgrave[ix].
5/30 at home pcc in the middle of – but one day out of 15 gone.
My room faces the River, as big as the Thames but no traffic. Nor are there any advertisements and so the town is very dull. I must go to bed – Too late not knowing what is happening. I have not yet unpacked.

9
4am Moscow time.
Awake as usual
Only one blanket in a sheet bag. Much too hard and thick like a carpet.
8.50 am just going down to breakfast
13th Sept
The place is primitive in all respects. The garden bordering the river is pathetic. A hard tennis court not marked. I’ve seen only one boat of the river and very little traffic. Water only moving. – No
10
wpb[x]. The windows are double glazed. Weather dull and temp about 50. I should guess 6 pm (4 home 13th Tuesday).
Had quite a day. A bus this a.m. round the Town. The Red Square magnificent
GUM (a covered market) enormous. Very poor stall. Dull Town, wide streets. This afternoon a convent NOVODyeridu (as written, Novodevichy) monastery. A used Orthodox church Gaudy of course. Very dilapidated other building. Another gift shop very poor only foreign money. People in party v nice. We have meals all together
11
in one room. Still lonely and wondering at what’s happening at home. Very expensive
Wednesday 14th 8/30 am
last night after dinner we (Whites, Camerons Alison and me) set off in a trolley bus to have a ride on the famous metro. It was quite fun finding our way. The stations, we stopped at 4 and got out are decorated in a fantastic murals, each different. Got back at 10. worked as usual from 2/30 to 4 this am
12
14h again Food adequate, Not exciting Everywhere clean Russian people friendly
6/30 pm 14th. Have just come in and sent some ppc. A beautiful day (weather) Red Square & Lenin this am in Kolomenskoye (park Moscow) this afternoon. Wondering what is happening at home (Codsall) the works of course. No news tho’ I’ve bought an English newspaper produced here but no news of the markets or Rhodesia[xi] in Moscow. So poor and Kolomenskoye[xii] (this afternoon) very dilapidated as are so
13
many of the show places.
Saw Lenin this am I am amazed at the queue from 8 am to 7 pm.
Bed early tonight. Nearly 4 days gone, no letters no news of UK. No competition as all goods are very poor in the shops except perhaps fur.
The Red Square reminds me of the Vatican City.
9.10 I have just come to bed (7.10 UK) quite interested conversation Lady Cameron is an expert on carpets & glass. She was a ballet dancer. Amusing about the wine in the dining room
14

It is £1 a bottle at the shop off the hall about 80% vodka the same.
I am distressed I am alone.
Now I’ll write card to the list on Page 1.
I shall have 2 pills tonight.
The people are friendly in as far as I know my movements are not restricted.
There is a little food shop on each floor.
15/9/66 10 am Thursday
Just off on another museum!!
Have bought a “daily worker” this am.
15
The weather is fair so I have not taken a coat 8 am home time. You are all having breakfast
I am finding the Russian people are courteous, but there is nothing good – as for the “common people”. It takes the spice out of life.
Thursday again 5/10 pm

I’ve spent the afternoon in bed sleep fortunately Joan woke me!
We toured the national Art Gallery this morning. It did not amuse me. I am not fond of iconry.
We are still sitting at meals with the Camerons. He is most unassuming.
16
We are off now to a reception where or why I do not know. 1/3 of the time gone.
I am still always wondering what is happening at home
I feel a long way away as never before. Tho’ I was able to get a home edition of the Daily Worker today.
9pm just come in from a reception at the Architects? Club Very poor compared with UK both building and food.
Now I’m going to bed tho’ I slept 3 hours this afternoon.
17
My impression is still the same as in the beginning. It’s the trouble with a egalitarian state – all people & things look alike.
No news from home.
10 am 16th Friday
A beautiful morning

Just had breakfast was I bed at 9 last night but very wakeful
wondering what is happening at home
Breakfast yoghurt omelette jam and coffee not too bad Now I must go
6.30 pm Friday 16th
Have just had a lie down after a big day.
18
Ostankino[xiii] – a palace 10 miles out interesting, but not to be compared with so many in UK. Wood work be so poor. Then to the Exhibition of Economic Achievements 500 acres of pavilions very ??? and so Eastern and beautiful. Must have walked miles.
Arrived back at 5. I had lunch there 4 at table Camerons and Alison.
Then to a Dollar shop close to the hotel and bought pot of Caviar for (£)5/0/6 (and only sold for foreign money
Nothing doing tonight – so

19
On opposite page: I’m afraid I am more of a philistine than I thought

to bed & to read.
The other people still nice and companionable
Unfortunately my Reith book not very interesting.
Breakfast at 8 am tomorrow in the evening Swan Lake
Again Friday 9.30 pm
have come to bed quite an amusing dinner – the same T. I have just been up to floor 28 to see the view – just lights-
Good night 7.30 UK
Saturday 17/9/66 8.45 am
all off to Zagonst? 74 kly? After a bad night worrying!

4.45 pm 17/9/66
Have just come in from Zagonst a boring drive wood houses very dilapidated most of the 74 kilos. Weather beautiful. Good lunch at a café
2 US women in the bus talked all the way back. I could not hear what they said but I was irritated. A letter from GP[xiv] dated 12th
Bad & narrow road a very great deal of heavy traffic.
11 pm just come back from the opera deleted(!)

Page torn out... obstructs next page

1130 pm 17th Have just come in from the ballet Swan Lake. A wonderful show in a new building in the Kremlin – the best I have seen in Moscow. The crowd was working class of course.
This diary is so dreadful I shall seal it up and start gain & I expect never to give it to let anyone see I’m ashamed of it.
18/9/66 12.30 (Sunday)
Have just come in from church by myself in a taxi quite amusing and the service (Lutheran) was in the US Embassy, a very (60 people nearly all US really are US) poor place...

21
Opposite page: The Russians want to turn us out of our Embassy but we refuse and as the Russians are in Kensington Palace Gardens, we are sitting pretty. Ours here is a beautiful building.

... but they (US) cannot get anything better because the local residents in Washington would not let the Russians build in their best part
We had coffee and I spoke to an English girl (the parson? introduced me) who works in the British Embassy and she paid my bus fare (5d) The taxi man had no change so I went inside & a US girl (or English speaking Russian) came out to the taxi and paid (30k 2/6) and would not let me pay. The English girl told me many things. She has a room in a new block with cockroaches. Very bad built. Now I am going to read the Daily Worker and wait for lunch at 1/30.
5 pm Sunday again
Been to the Pus(h)kin museum Famous but not so interesting as the Courtauld or the Wallace
11/30 pm Sunday 9.30 UK
I have just come to bed after quite a riotous party. The Camerons Whites Alison 2 others and the English leader from Cadogan[xv] 2 bottles of champagne and vodka
23
11.30 pm Sunday
After the ballet at the Bolshoi Giselle
It was very jovial I sat at the head of the table of about 9 people we were all rather tipsy!! All most amusing but I am not interested in Ballet.
The others (and also Alison) said they were!
The Bolshoi is like Covent Garden (I believe) the Scala at Milan and the Opera House in Vienna.
We had a box 6 people but I could see or understand very little
I was thinking of Church evensong -
Note opposite 12/12/- a night for us, 4/4/- for the Russians (the box?)
Last night in Moscow!
24
1 pm Monday 18th Sept
I have spent all morning (cost including a car) £6 with our Intourist[xvi] guide a pretty Jewess(?)
looking at a school and learning about their education. They stay on to 17 learn English Building old like an old board school – apparatus antiquated. The guide told me a lot about the satellites – & said that they were not free including Hungary. The head master with whom I spoke ¾ hour said he was paid 300 roubles £160 per month. The under teachers ½ that. The guide is paid 80 R?. I asked to see
25
a new school but I was only showed an addition – poor comparison with our own.
Weather much colder about 50. I cannot understand the money to make a comparison.
There was a delegation from British Railways a scruffy lot!
We leave Moscow at 17.00
11 pm Monday 18th Astoria Hotel Leningrad.
Just arrived but have had a drink at the bar foreign money again 4 tomatoes 2 with vodka 1/-/- never again
Luggage not arrive but I have my night
26
night bag. The bus took us passed the winter Palace , the Cathedral and down the Nevsky Prospect much smaller and nicer hotel than in (the?) Ukraine – A Parry next door. Now I’m for bed. Only 1 hour flight in a TU104[xvii].
Tuesday 20th 12/30
Have just come n from a tour of the City by bus. It is much more beautiful than Moscow, tho’ only 750 years old, Excellent guide. Weather dull temp about 50
Central heating on the hotel. The hotel is good but again rather primitive.
27
but everything works. The reports to the contrary.
3 hours for meals & are grossly exaggerated ???. I have a bathroom again. The Nevsky Prospect as 3 ½ miles long
very little traffic except lorries & trams. Streets not so wide s Moscow. Still I’ve nearly had my fill of sightseeing - I could not sleep again last night. It is an excellently arranged tour
8.30 pm 21/9/77 Tuesday
I have come to bed to read ?? – there is nothing doing anyway. I’ve had a long day.
This afternoon 2½ hours in the Hermitage – a terrific museum and art gallery.
The former residence of the Tsars. Very interesting but too much art for me. I had dinner with the usual people.
Walked this evening to a big book shop on the Nevsky Prospect and bought a picture book & explained I’ve really had enough sightseeing!
I should be so glad to get back to a quiet life.
The central heating is on but it is not cold.
Wed 21st 9.30 am.
A good night after 2 pills, Lovely morning
29
Lady Cameron has just paid me the greatest compliment “ As soon as I set eyes on you I recognised you as a typical Englishman”
Poor breakfast
7.30 at home

Awful wood seat for the w.c. Hotel otherwise good.
Funny slow lift. They have a very good idea – give way in a lift to anyone over 60. My room faces the Town, Which has a special red flag.
The enormous squares do not have gardens as in London.
30
5/30 Wed 21st
Just come in from an all day of sightseeing. Now dine (!) & then to the circus.
3.30 at home
Fine cold morning, wet & cold now.
I shall be so glad to be home!
Thursday 22/9 10 am
Just had breakfast - had the best night for a long time – 2 pills – Opting out of the day trip & so are the Whites & Alison – I had expected to have the day on my own
It is difficult to find one’s way about because of the Russian lettering – Nor have got my passport
31
They keep them till we leave. It is not a nice city compared with London, Paris or Rome. All Straight streets. Poor shops.

Little traffic except busses. Only 4 more nights!
It’s a bright morning but cold.
The food is very poor – that’s the worst of being a sybarite I am and always have been hopelessly spoiled.

The Circus last night was excellent – about 20 of us went and had to find our way back walking & on a trolley.
8 pm at home
Egalitarianism does not suit me.
32
3.30 23/9 Thursday
Had a tour ½ an hour by River Hydrofoil
?? with P-J-A (Peter, Joan, Allison) who also did not go on the all day tour.
I was just going out by myself then I found it was pouring with rain. Now I am in my room again.
5/45 I went out the rain stopped & found the Railway Station & a long train in going to Moscow Red & very One class poor station – The roads streets & pavements are unbelievably bad in this Nevski Prospect Can never have been beautiful. I have opted out of the Ballet -
3 aux
So I am alone. Its difficult because of their letters to find one’s way.
About 3 more days!
I haven’t been to a works yet.
8/15 pm Have come up to my room. Most people have gone to the Ballet but I’ve been twice. No where to sit downstairs so I may as well read in bed! Pouring with rain again!
Friday 23/9/66 10.20 am
Leaving for the Hermitage at 10.45. Bad weather again. Had a good night. People in the party all seem to be fed up with sight seeing & will be glad to get home. Leningrad is a disappointment.
2
Its so drear – the streets are straight and wide. There is no “city” or west end. The slums are miles out. The better houses there are made of wood & gardens untended except for a few where vegetables are grown.
2/50 23rd
Just finish lunch Not too bad, a crab salad Borsch (as always) & remoly semolina (? As always).
Now St Isaac Cathedral. m Weather cold but fine & showery. I am tired of sightseeing! Spent 2 hours in the Hermitage – saw quite a few English paintings.
Silver is divine.
3
8.15 24/9/66
I am just going down to breakfast but a word about yesterday. I went into St Isaac cathedral. Not very exciting 100 years old.
&
at 6.15 went to a reception at the House of Friendship – 2 films & there food like hors d’oeuvre but sitting down. V good but we did not know what was coming next if anything. Very bitter wine and several speeches on both sides. A gaudy building like others.
11 pm same day just got in 4 hours each way. 6 hours looking at dilapidated churches at Novgorod (maybe anglicized name) the town quite (or very) good buildings were destroyed by the Germans 1942-4. A trip in a hydrofoil & dinner at the new (poor) hotel packed lunch in the park – very cold but bus hot!

Tomorrow last day!
5
9.45 Sunday going on to a RA Church & then Peter & Paul & this evening ---- London tomorrow. A trying day bad weather this morning cold & raining – I wish I had an overcoat.
Sunday 25th 2/30 pm 12/30 at home.
Have had an interesting morning.
A Church service (orthodox) 19 out of 20 women full? Singing excellent. Saw the icon standing open – then to Peter Paul Kremlin (fortress) & dungeons. No worse than UK but not normal in a cathedral. Then a drive around a sport stadium and area. Quite beautiful. Lunch with the Camerons & Alison.
Now nothing for me till 5/30 dinner & after the opera – bad weather cold & wet.

No notepaper in the hotel.

11 pm just come from the opera – v. heavy - I’m afraid I am a philistine.

Now for the last night. I had bought a ½ bottle of brandy on the plane which I am now finishing!
7
I am more than glad to be going home tomorrow.
I am a bad mixer – I have made no new friends.
Packing by 11 am tomorrow & then home & a long wait in Moscow for the BEA plane.
London at 866 UK time (10.55 Moscow time)

Africa 1933-4 & 1948

These 2 trips are described in two collections of letters: this is just a summary, full transcriptions are printed separately.

The first and largest collection contains letters from AJ & Ethel Parkes to their daughters, Rosemary and Bunch while they were travelling round Africa in 1933/4. Most of the letters are from Ethel, with a few from AJ. (filed in P35).

Included here are the transcripts of postcards and letters from Ethel to her mother and sister in 1933/4. (filed in P28). The pictures are shown with the text later.

In addition to the letters, AJ recorded the 1933/4 trip on 9.5mm film, which has been digitised (the original has been deposited with the Huntley film archive I Herefordshire). The quality and skill of the cameraman is a little suspect, but there are some interesting views. Some clips in the film have been positively indentified from internet image sources, enabling the clips to be edited in the right order. (the film was in about a dozen small cassettes, mostly untitled and they were joined into one length for scanning).

Old town Mombasa Kenya East Africa Africa Stock Photo - Alamy

A snapshot from AJ’s film and a recent (2021) view of the same

The second set are letters from AJP to Ethel when he returned to South Africa on a sales trip in 1948. (filed in P35)

A summary of the 1933/4 trip

    The 1933/4 journey was principally a sales trip by AJP seeing potential customers. It gives a good indication of how a journey like that was made before the age of air travel. The contacts made by AJP during this trip must have laid the foundation of what became a successful part of JP&S during the 1950's through the 1970's. He built on this trip with his second visit to South Africa in 1948. Some of the people mentioned in these and the 1948 letters remained family friends for many years.
    The African adventure started in London in late November 1933 and finished in Southampton in early April 1934. They took the train to Marseilles via Dover & Calais and sailed from there to Port Said leaving the SS Cathay to go on to India, while the Parkes’s went to Cairo for a week. They then took the train to Jaffa and Jerusalem for another week before returning to Post Said to embark on the Llandovery Castle down the Red Sea and African coast to Mombasa, making a few stops on the way in the manner of modern day cruise passengers.
   From Mombasa, they took the overnight train to Nairobi, arriving on Christmas morning. After a (social) week in Nairobi, they returned to Mombasa for a couple of nights before embarking on the SS Kenya to continue South (the film clips of Mombasa can be positively indentified by a shot including a bank: the same bank is still there 90 years later). Where they left the Kenya is unknown, the letters continue from the last in Mombasa to the next ones from Johannesburg in late January. The most likely place would have been Lourenco Marques (now Maputo) to Johannesburg by train.
    In Johannesburg, AJ continued to develop his business contacts, eventually resulting in the establishment of Josiah Parkes (South Africa) Ltd. They travelled around various sights and were looked after by contacts; AJ went off to several other towns in the region before joining by train Ethel in Durban. They had an enjoyable week or so in Durban with good weather and swimming; here also they were looked after by friends and business contacts and again made some day trips out.
   From Durban, they started back towards home. They took ships stopping in East London (where the film shows passengers being disembarked in a basket onto a lighter and Port Elizabeth before finishing the trip in Cape Town where they had nearly 2 weeks. They had intended to come back earlier, but extended a week for returning to England on the Arundel Castle, a voyage which took 20 days (1^st Class).

ITINERARY

1933 Nov 23^rd:

London Victoria Dep 1400

Dover Arr 1538

Dover Dep 1555

Calais Arr 1710

Calais Dep 1745

P&O Express

Nov 24^th

Marseilles Arr 1225

And embark on SS Cathay Dep midnight

Nov 25-28: at sea

Nov 29^th: Port Said Arr 0600

Dep 1230 or 1830

Cairo Arr 1620 or 2230
Nov 29^th to Dec 14^th Egypt and Palestine

Dec 2 Desert & Pyramids.
Dec 3 Cairo

Dec 5 Shepheards Hotel
Dec 6: Port Said for night train to Palestine.
Dec 9; Mt Olives, Jericho, River Jordan & Dead Sea.

Dec 10: Via Dolorosa etc
Dec 7-11 Jaffa.
Dec 11 Hotel Fast Jerusalem, arr evening from Jaffa/Tel Aviv
Dec 15^th Sailed from Port Said on Llandovery Castle
HMHS Llandovery Castle - Wikipedia
Dec 15^th to 24^th at sea

Dec 16 Sat night, Port Sudan
Dec 18: down Red Sea
Dec 19 Aden for 4 hours

Dec 20: Cape Guardfui

Dec 24: Mombasa – overnight train to
Dec 25: Nairobi

Dec 25^th 1933 to Jan 7^th 1934 Kenya

Dec 27: New Stanley Hotel, Nairobi
Dec 29 Nairobi
Agricultural show in Nairobi
Jan 1 refers to tea garden visit.
Jan 4 Nairobi, off to Mombasa - morning view of Kilimanjaro
Jan 5 Views on train stop of Africans etc & rondevals
Jan 5&6 Mombasa 2 nights
Refers to no letters for 2 weeks or so – to Joburg??

Jan 7^th to 14^th at Sea SS Kenya (British India Steamer) (as HMS Keren, troop carrier)

Calling at Zanzibar, Dar es Salaam, Beira

Jan 15^th to 18^th Lourenco Marques

Jan 23 Johannesburg – down Gold Mine
Jan 28 Johannesburg, Lutjes Langham Hotel
Jan 29 - week to Pretoria & Ladysmith
Jan 31 in Jo’burg
Feb 1(pm)-4(am) train to Vic Falls - cancelled
Feb 5 Pretoria
Feb 6(am)-8(pm) train to Jo-burg
Feb 8-9 AJP to Bloemfontein
Feb 9 to Durban - EAP only
Feb 13 – Durban
Jan 18^th to Feb 28^th:

Johannesburg, Pretoria, Boksburg, Benoni, Kimberley, Bloemfontein, Pietermaritzburg,

Train to:
Feb 11 & 18: Hotel Edward, Durban – sea bathing – enormous bathing pool.
Feb 20 day trip Pietermaritzburg
Feb 21 to East London by boat overnight stay a week
Feb 25 Sunday morning on the sands.

March 2 to PE overnight on Winchester Castle.

Durban by boat to East London, Kingwilliamstown, Queenstown.

East London to Port Elizabeth by boat

March 3: arr PE on Winchester Castle
March 5: port Elizabeth.

March 9-11 Llangibby Castle – PE to CT

March 13 Arthur’s Seat Cape Town
March 20: Camps Bay Cape Town.

Later note from Johannesburg:

Sail Arundel Castle March 23^rd Arrive Southampton 6 a.m. April 9

Cheers! Ancestry shows arr Southampton, 1^st class 9^th April.

SS Arundel Castle.jpg

Air Mail Letters from Wolverhampton Nov 28^th Dec 5^th. 3½ days

Air Mail Letters from Wolverhampton Dec 19^th Dec 26^th. 6½ days

Air Mail Letters from Wolverhampton Jan 2^nd. 13 days

Air Mail Letters from Wolverhampton Jan 9^th to Feb 13^th 9½ days

Air Mail Letters from Wolverhampton Feb 20^thto 27^th 10½ days.

5. WADDELL FAMILY

Peter Waddell

PLW was born 15/7/1919, Parbold, Lancs, son of Ivan Lindley (“Waddy”) & Gladys (Hawarth) Waddell – see a later sections for the Waddells, Haworths and Moores and Baldwins.

Married:
Elizabeth Ursula (Bunch) Parkes, Codsall Church, 18 October 1941. At the reception, AJ, Bunch’s father, instructed the guests to come back in 3 weeks for Rosemary & Donald’s wedding. The pressures of war time postings meant that couple had to grab what chance they had at short notice. For their later life and that of their daughters see elsewhere.

    Peter and Bunch met in Cambridge via Rosemary and Donald Maitland: Peter had been at Charterhouse with Donald. Peter first appeared at Bunch's parents 25th Wedding Anniversary (April 1940) as Rosemary's boyfriend to avoid trouble as Bunch was very young then.

    Peter’s mother Gladys came from a chemical company in Parbold, Lancashire. Peter’s childhood and teens were very peripatetic, touring Europe with his mother and, it is said, her brother but there are few details of these trips. They must have been to Switzerland as Peter was an Olympic standard skier by the beginning of the war.
    In the 1920’s she seemed to have been accompanied by her uncle, Walter, but never by her husband. They appeared to have wintered in the warm:
1924: returned from Algiers in May, maybe after the winter there.
1925/6: wintered in Jamaica, returned to England in February via Cuba and Florida.
1926/7: Probably winter holiday in Algiers.

    Waddy’s Uncle’s family (James himself died in 1900), migrated to the Vancouver area in 1912, and remained there, so Waddy had a number of 1^st cousins there. Peter went to North America 3 times in the 1930’s, the final one was probably on his own, but with 2 Cambridge friends, but the first 2 certainly with his mother, visiting the Canadian cousins.

1934: Peter & G went to Canada for 6 weeks in the summer holidays, sailing to Quebec, but taking the train to the west (address on arrival, c/o CPR, Montreal); they entered the US at Seattle, to continue on down the coast to San Diego and back by train via Chicago to Quebec, arriving home in time for school 20 September.

1936: Again to North America, Pete seems to have gone out on his own at the end of July from Southampton to New York where he picked up another boat to California, by Panama presumably, to San Diego. Gladys had gone out earlier, sailing from Vancouver to Honolulu and back in late July. Peter and his mother arrived back in Plymouth early September.

1937: this time, a 3 week trip to Tangier in August, seemingly travelling on his own, although G must have been there.

1939: Peter, Graeme McLintock and Barry Risien sailed to St John, ND, Canada. Peter returned to England 29/9/1939, during the phony war.

Peter's first school was therefore in St Jean de Luz, followed by the Dragon School, Oxford, & Charterhouse.
According to his brother in law, Donald Maitland, Peter spent a gap year (unusual at that time) learning French in Tours for 6 months and German for 6 months in Munich. He went up to Cambridge in Autumn 1937, but as war broke out after his first year he abandoned his law degree after his 2nd year (he said he would not have got a degree, anyway), to join the Royal Corps of Signals (from OCTU gazetted 2^nd Lt 14/10/1940).

   His division was on embarkation leave for the Far East (all subsequently captured at Singapore) when it was discovered that he was and Olympic class skier and he was diverted, 48 hours before departure, to Iceland still with tropical kit to be part of a research project on tents and diet on the ice sheet.
    Peter Joined BP after War, possibly with Graeme McLintock, then hardware business then laundries - see separate file on Marie Blanche Ltd.

    Peter was picked for the British team in the Winter Olympics in December 1939 in Japan which had been cancelled. He was in the first post war Olympics in 1948 but could not ski in his event because of an injury the previous day in practice. He was non-skiing captain in 1952 and manager in 1956.
He managed to ski, mostly in Klosters, every winter, except during the war from the mid 1930’s until he died.

Waddell Family of Ireland

    The Waddell name seems to have originated in Scotland, Midlothian according to some websites; Antony Maitland, while flying in Norway, noted a place called Wadahl (about 100 miles NNW of Oslo airport, N6130 E00950) – were the Waddell ancestors Norse invaders from this valley (..dahl is valley in Norwegian)? Waddells also appear in the early 19thC Jamaica records.
     There were a lot of Waddells in Antrim, presumably protestant planters from Scotland. The branch of interest here were in Co Kildare, west of Dublin, but were probably connected to the Ulster Waddell family. Irish records are difficult because the great majority of standard reference materials such as censuses, wills and many parish records were lost when the Library in Dublin was shelled and burnt down in 1922. There is now a project underway in Ireland to trace and collate other copies in other Archives of these documents. Peter Waddell’s father and grandfather were both born in Ireland.
    Peter’s father, Ivan Lindley Waddell (Waddy) was a doctor and became chief medical officer of the London and Scottish Railway Company. A story told by Peter’s sister in law, Rosemary (Parkes) Maitland was coming up to the weekend in Cambridge, Pete saying “where shell we go for the weekend” and displaying a wad of blank 1^st class railway tickets! Those were the days when tickets were written out on pieces of card, not pre printed as now: part of the perks of the doctor were free blank tickets.
      Waddy, an only child, was born in Dublin where his father, William (1855-1932), was a merchant and chemical manufacturer, although William’s wife, Rose and family remained in England: they do not appear in 1901, so perhaps were then in Dublin together. Rose’s family can be traced back to the mid 18^thC in Kent where they were yeoman farmers.
      William’s father, James, was a farmer in Kildare west of Dublin: there are many newspaper entries of him as an agent for farm machinery. A probable James Waddell died in Kildare in 1881 aged 74, so must have been a rather old father. William probably had a brother, James, (i.e. Peter’s great uncle). It appears that son James continued with the farm machinery business. James died in 1900, and a few years later in 1911, his widow Annie Maria, sold up the Kildare property and emigrated to Canada with her 3 sons and a daughter. They established themselves in the Vancouver area and most remained there except for one of her grandsons who, while in the Air Force in England, married there and lived there for most of his life. Peter and his mother made 3 trips to North America in the 1930’s, and in 1936 were on the West Coast so on this one at least they must have met Waddy’s Canadian cousins.
    The Vancouver newspapers have many entries for this family, making it possible to find the descendants of the emigrants. To confuse the issue however, there were other Waddells in western Canada!
    Peter’s mother, Gladys Haworth came from a manufacturing family around Southport in Lancashire: they were chemical and glue makers, hence the glue factory in which Pete had shares. There is an extensive history of the Haworth family at the end of this paper. They were a typical example of a 19^thC family coming up through the expansion of manufacturing, in much the same way the Parkes did in Willenhall about the same time.

25/11/1922; Liverpool to Halifax, Ted Herbert Haworth, age 30, Chemist of Harrock Hill, Mawdesley, Orsmkirk.
1925: Ted Herbert arrived in Seattle as migrant?

Ivan Lindley Waddell:

Born 1886, reg Q2 1886, Dublin North
Parents: William & Rose Oxenford (Blaxland) Waddell

ILW was a doctor and chief medical officer of the London and Scottish Railway Company.
1908: First Professional exam at Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons, approved in Chemistry (15 January 1908 - Morning Post – London), of St Barts.
1911 Census, with mother in Lewisham.
1939 Reg: Rugby, Physician, DoB 17/5/1886

Died as Dr Ivan Lindley Waddell 22/12/1959 execs PLW & Rachel Alice Gladys Waddell[15], then of Eaton Sq, London. Probate £2267/13/1d.

Marriage: 14/6/1917^FMPi Douglas in Parbold, Ivan Lindley Waddell, 31, bachelor, Dr of Medicine, Captn (army?), of 44 Standard Rd, Hounslow, father William, Engineer & Rachel Alice Gladys Hawarth, 23, spinster of Appley Bridge, father, Herbert, Chemical manufacturer.

(Rachel Alice) Gladys Haworth

Born Q4 1893, reg Wigan, born Appley Bridge
Parents: Herbert & Betsey Jane (Morris) Haworth – there are good histories of this Lancashire mill family.
1939 Reg, Lytham St Anne:
b 25/8/1895, Shown as Gladys R, corrected to Rachel Alice Gladys.
Died 1/6/1970, Weybridge, b abt 1896.
Issue:
1/1. PL Waddell

Gladys had 4 brothers:
1/1. Charles Ernest. Born in 1882 in Oswaldtwistle.

1/2. Sydney Maurice. Born 1885, Eccleston, Chorley. died Wigan in 1921.

1/3. Horace John. B. 1887, Eccleston, 1924 married Edith Hill, in Ormskirk.

1/4. Ted Herbert. B. 1891, Wrigtington. 1917 M. Margaret McArdle, Douglas.

1/5. Rachael Alice Gladys (1893-)

William Waddell (1855-1932):

Born about 1855, Co Kildare, Ireland. (from age at marriage & census)
Parents: James Waddell, a farmer.
Died: William Waddell Q1 1932 age 76, reg Lewisham – maybe him?.
1881: in Lynsted with his future in-laws, stated as born in Co Kildare.

Marriage: 1/11/1882^FMPi, Linsted, Kent, William Waddell, 27, father James Waddell, to Rose Oxenford Blaxland.
Banns show William Waddell, 27, bachelor, merchant of St George’s, Dublin, father James, farmer & Rose Oxenford Blaxland, spinster, 28, of Lynsted, father Edward, gent.

Rose Oxenford Blaxland,

ch 2/8/1853^FMPi of Edward & Ann, Gent, born 25/6/1853, Lynsted, Kent.
Died: Rose Oxenford Waddell, 28/12/1933, Lewisham, age 79
1861/71: William or James not found
1881 Census, William with the Blaxlands - visitor, 25, Chemical Manufacturer, County Kildare
1891 Census, 31, Lenham Rd, Lee:
Rose O Waddell (Hd, 32, Lenham), Ivan L (4, Dublin), Edward Blaxland? (father, wid, 82, Farmer retired, Lynsted).
1901 census: not found.
1911 Census, 21, Lenham Rd, Lee, Lewisham:
Rose Oxenford Waddell (wife, 54, married 29 yrs, 1 child, Lynsted, Kent), Dora Fitzgibbon Cowan (Wid, S-in-L, 52, Lynsted), Ivan Lindley Waddell (24, medical student, Dublin) – ILW signed the form.

Issue of William & Rose Waddell, only child
1/1. ILW birth reg Q2 1886, Dublin North.

James Waddell of Kildare

28/11/1849: James Waddell m Mary Reilly, son of John Waddell (misc Ireland)

James Waddell died before 1891 (son James’s marriage)
James Waddell died Kildare, Q3 1881, aged 74.

1880’s: a number of newspaper entries of James Waddell selling mowing machinery.
A James Waddell in Dublin 1896, had watch stolen.
A James Waddell of Donadea (Kildare), agent for Courtney & Stephens, Dublin (Iron founders) (Farmer's Gazette and Journal of Practical Horticulture 26 June 1869)
James Waddell at a fat stock sale in Kildare, Irish Times 12 May 1870
Mr James Waddell occupied a farm at Ardecull, leased from the Duke of Leinster of about 80 acres English, £46 annual for 20 years from 29/9/1853.

“Carlow to Athy is a stretch requiring careful driving, and at Ardecull Moat is a curve as deceptive as that at Hacklow Corner...”

1/1. William Waddell, b abt 1855, Kildare.
1/2. James Waddell, b abt 1853

James probably took over the farm & business at Donadea
1/1/1891, St Columba’s, Draperstown, James 3^rd son of the late James Waddell, Donadea, Co Kildare, married Annie Maria, (b abt 1866) eldest dau of Joseph Reid, Sixtowns, C Derry. (Londonderry Sentinel 08 January 1891).

James Waddell had will registered of Kildare, died 11/5/1900, to Annie Waddell. Age 47. Reg Cellbridge, Kildare, 23 km W of Dublin.

1911: Sale of house & land at Donadea, Kilcock, Kildare, by Mrs Waddell, admon of James W, dcd. (Drogheda Independent 30 December 1911)

1901 Census Residents of a house 15 in Dunmurraghill (Donadea, Kildare)
Waddell Annie Maria (35 Head), Charles James (9), Lewis Gordon (6), Wm Wallace (3)
1911 Census as above: Annie Maria (45), Lewis Gerald Gordon (16), Wm Wallace (13), Eileen Annie (11)

Arrived Halifax on Megantic 7/4/1912 from Liverpool, for Vancouver, all Irish:
Annie M Waddell (housewife, 46), Lewis GG (farmer, 17), William W (14), Eileen (12)

Annie M Waddell appears in a number of newspaper reports on committees in Vancouver.
She died in 88^th year 30/7/1953, Vancouver^VS.

Issue of James & Annie Maria:
2/1. Charles James Waddell, b abt 1893

Arr NY Ellis Island, 27/3/1909, from Liverpool, age 17, student of Ireland, mother Mrs Waddell of Donadea.
Vancouver Sun 5/12/1928: Engaged Charles James Waddell, eldest son of the late Mr James Waddell of Donadea & Mrs AM Waddell of 4328 Cambridge St to Dorothy Edith dau of Mr & Mrs HW Gallie. Wedding on 27/12/1928. Died BC 8/8/1963, aged 70.

3/1. Ivan James Waddell of New Westminster.

Prob married 2/11/1957 North Burnaby, BC, IJW son of Charles W., Norma Jean, dau of Mr & Mrs Everett A Killeen^VS. 50^th anniversary 2007.

3/2. Phillip H. Waddell.

2/2. Lewis Gerald Gordon Waddell, born about 1895, Kildare

Seems to have been know as Gordon, was a Fire Chief in Burnaby, BC for 30 years
Died 17/3/1958, Burnaby, BC[16]
GORDON WADDELL ... dead at 63. Burnaby's First Fire Chief Dies.
BURNABY — Lewis Gerald Gordon Waddell, of 4211 East Pender, “father” of Burnaby’s modern fire department, died Monday at the age of 63. The department of which he was a member for almost 30 years and Chief for 13 years, until he retired in 1955, will honour him with a full departmental parade at the funeral service at 3 p.m. Wednesday at Burnaby Funeral Directors, 4276 East Hastings. Cremation will follow. The Vancouver Firemen’s Band will play the parade from the chapel to No. 1 fire hall following the service. Reeve Alan Emmott paid tribute to former Fire Chief Waddell at Monday night’s council meeting. “He did a great deal for Burnaby and his loss will be , felt by many in the municipality.” said Reeve Emmott. Mr. Waddell came to Burnaby in 1918 and worked for Imperial Oil Ltd. before entering the employ of the municipality. He is survived by his wife, Maisie, two sons, Richard of Yorkshire, England, and Gerald Charles of North Vancouver^VS.

Married, 1^st: Esther Merrick, ygst dau of RS Merrick, 14/10/1920, Vancouver, died 27 Feb 1932^VS, aged 35. Born Scotland.
Married, 2^nd: Maisie (May) Kitcher, ygst dau of Mr & Mrs George Kitcher of Vancouver, 4/10/1940^{The Province}. May died age 92 31/5/1992. Sister Addie.

6 grandchildren
3/1. Richard Gordon Waddell, B 1922, Canada.

Died 6/5/2002, Norfolk, England.
married Betty Silson dau of George W Silson, Nottingham, England, 27/11/1944, when he was in the RCAF[17].
15/9/1941 Richard Gordon Waddell, uncle Edward of Vancouver, age 38, b Vanc, to Singapore.
THE FIRST man in the RAF to fly 3,000 hours in Victors — the petrol stations of the sky — is to retire from RAF Marham in March.

Squadron Leader Richard Waddell will be taking 28 days terminal leave before he finally quits the service after 24 years. He started his Air Force career during the war when he flew 36 operations over Germany. Mr Waddell is a Canadian and at the time he was serving in the Royal Canadian Air Force. Like many others he married an English girl during the war, and returned to England after living in Canada for five years. He was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, but after his retirement he will be living in West Dereham — because he likes the people, the countryside and last but not least, the beer.

Mr Waddell has two Queen's Commendations, both for valuable service in the air. He received the first as an NCO and the second after he was commissioned.

Mr Waddell will be looking for a job after he retires from the service but he is not sure what he wants to do yet. His wife Betty joked: "He has been keeping me for 30 years, now it's my turn to keep him.”

They have three children — and certainly believe in keeping HM Forces in the family. Their son, Michael, is at present serving with the Army on the continent. The eldest daughter Mrs. Joan Clerk (28), is married to an Air Force officer and Heather their youngest child will also be marrying an Air Force officer in the near future. (Lynn Advertiser 01 March 1974)

3/2. Gerald Charles Waddell, died 1991

Married May Ruth only dau of Mr & Mrs S Burrows of Vancouver, 4/10/1947[18] died aft 1992

2/3. William Wallace Waddell (Billy):

Born in Donadea, Kildare, Ireland on 1 Jun 1897 to James Waddell and Anna Maria Reid.
William Wallace Waddell married Lillian Grace Culley, 10/2/1926, Vancouver, BC. He passed away on 22 Mar 1964 in Essondale, British Columbia, Canada. (ancestry). She died age 77 10/9/1976, Vancouver.
3/1. J.G. Waddell, Sgt 1964
3/2. Eileen Patricia Waddell,

M 9/5/1952 Alfred Frederick Mitchell, son of John Oliver Mitchell, St Michaels Vancouver.

2/4. Eileen Waddell, b abt 1900, M aft 1941 William Oliver no further info.

William Robert McCord 19/1/1951 s of Bill McCord & Eileen (Waddell)

SG Waddell, 3^rd dau Elsie Edith M James Arthur David, ygr son of Wilfred David, m 31/7/1942 of Port Coquitlam. Her sister Eileen Waddell.

Edward Blaxland

Ch Linstead, 26/8/1809^FMPi of Edward & Elizabeth (Webb) Blaxland.
Died: reg Holborn, Q3 1893, age 84.
Probate index: died 9/8/1893, of Charterhouse Sq, to R.O. Waddell.
1839 Tithe, Edward Blaxland jnr had 116 acres at Doddongton, leased.
1861 Census, Dorman, Linstead, Kent, all born there:
Edward Blaxland (52, farmer, 529 acres 10 men ), Ann (40), Elizabeth Lou. (10, scholar), Ann (9, scholar), Dora Fitzgerald (6, Scholar) Edward Reg (2) +governess etc.
1871 Census, Dormands Linstead, all b there:
Edward Blaxland (61 farmer of 529 acres), Ann (50), Elizabeth L (20), Rose O, (17), Dora (16) John B (9).
1881 Census, Dadmans, Lynsted, all born there:
Edward Blaxland (71, Farmer of 200 ac & 6 men) Ann (61, farmer’s wife), Rose (27), Dora (26), Edward (22, farmers son), John (19, Farmers son), William Waddell (visitor, 25, Chemical Manufacturer, County Kildare)

Marriage, Lynsted, 3/11/1849^FMPi Edward Blaxland, full age, bachelor, Gent, of Lynsted, father Edward Blaxland, Gent to Ann Vallance Barling, full age, spinster, of Lynsted, father John Barling esq.
Newspaper (Sun (London) 07 November 1849): Edward of Dadmans & Ann 3^rd dau of John of Nouds.

Ann Valence Barling

Born about 1819, ch 6/4/1819, Linsted
Parent: Ann Vallance (& John Barling)
Died: Reg Faversham, Q3 1884, age 65.

Issue of Edward & Ann Blaxland, born & ch Lynsted, father Gent.
1/1. Elizabeth Louisa Blaxland, b 11/8/1850 ch 8/9/1850
1/2. Amelia Blaxland b 10/10/1851, ch 12/11/1851,
1/3. Rose Oxenford Blaxland, ch 2/8/1853^FMPi of Edward & Ann, Gent, born 25/6/1853, Lynsted, Kent.
1/4. Dora Fitzgibbon Blaxland b 25/12/1854, ch 23/1/1855, Lynsted of Ed & Ann
1/5. Edward Dias Blaxland b 10/11/1858, ch 18/12/1858 Ed & Ann, gent.
1/6. John Barling Blaxland, b 25/7/1861, ch 24/8/1861, Gent.

Edward Blaxland

Born: 20/10/1783^ACi, ch 20/11/1783 St Benet Fink, London
Parents: Henry & Elizabeth (Davies) Blaxland

Bur Lynsted, 22/11/1845 age 62, died 16/11/1845 at his residence in Linstead[19]
Will Dated 4/2/1842 Probate 3/3/1846 to Elizabeth & John.
Of Dadmans, Linstead, Kent farmer, Brother Exec Samuel, Wife Elizabeth
Her brother George Webb, 4 children Edward, William & John Blaxland & Elizabeth, wife of Henry Matson?

Edward Blaxland M Elizabeth Webb 6/10/1808, All Saints Hastings?
Elizabeth prob died Q4 1858, reg Faversham.
Elizabeth Webb ch Harrietsham, 27/4/1785 of William & Mary Webb
Elizabeth still alive 1851 with daughter Elizabeth Matson
1841 Census, Dadmans, Linstead:
Edward Blaxland (56, Farmer, N), Elizabeth (56, Y), Edward (31, Y)
1851 Census, 2 Vicarage Place, Camberwell:
Elizabeth Matson (wid, 39, Land Holder), Emma (15, Whichling, Kent), Isabel (9, scholar, Kingsdown, Kent), Kate (7, scholar, Kingsdown), Louisa (2, Kingsdown), Elizabeth Blaxland (Wid, visitor, 66, annuitant, Harrietsham)
3 Vicarage Place: William Blaxland (Hd, U, 40, GP, Linstead)

Issue of Edward & Elizabeth:
1/1. Edward Blaxland, Linstead, 26/8/1809
1/2. William Blaxland, ch 8/12/1810, MD.
1/3. Elizabeth Blaxland, ch 29/2/1812,

Married, Camberwell, 29/10/1833^ACi Henry William Matson, of Wickling, Kent.

1/4. Henry Blaxland, ch 22/9/1813, farmer, bur 26/7/1830 age 17, Lynsted.
1/5. John Blaxland, ch 17/8/1816, farmer, D Q3 1874, reg Milton, Kent age 58.

John Barling

Born abt 1777, according to the 1851 census, in Lynsted.

An Ancestry tree has him born 2/6/1777 Lynsted of John-Smith Barling & Eleanor Cranston, but this does not appear on the parish records. However there is an entry for Dorothy Barling, ch 25/6/1779 of John-Smith & Eleanor.
She married George Pierce Marsh, Lynsted, 17/9/1804, He of Doddington.
There are 2 different registers on FMP, one of which looks to be a transcription. Although I cannot confirm the 1777 birth, it agrees with other evidence. The problem may be due to confusion over John Smith Barling and the indexing or that John & Eleanor were not married.
The same tree has John Smith Barling born in 1731 in Teynham, next village to Lynsted, and Eleanor Cranston in Faversham 1753: neither of these appear on the databases, although an Eleanor Cranston was buried Lynsted 30/4/1792^FMPi, age 38, as claimed on the tree and John Smith Barling bur 21/2/1795^FMPi age 63, and died 16/2/1795, Lynsted.
A handwritten index has “Barlin, John Smith” ch 24/11/1731, Lynsted of Thomas & Eliz, PR has Mr Thomas Barlin (this does not appear on the online indices, and was difficult to read), with Dorothy 20/9/1734^FMPi on the line below.
Thomas Barlin married Elizabeth Smith 3/7/1729^ACt, Teynham

Kentish Gazette 03 September 1816: refrain from sporting until 21 Sept due late season, John & Edward Toker & John Barling, Ospringe[20].
Many entries between 1805 & 1850 about farming and hunting matters.
Kentish Gazette 20 December 1853: Notice about the estate of John Barling of Nouds, Linstead to John Valance Barling, of Arnold, Faversham.

Canterbury Journal, Kentish Times and Farmers' Gazette 03 December 1853: death Nov 27 John Barling of Nouds, in the 77^th year of age, having survived his wife one month.
Probate Index of Nounds, to John V Barling of Arnold, Eastling (Nr Faversham).

1841 Census, Nouds, Linstead, Kent (all ex John B Kent):
John Barling (60, farmer, N), Ann (50), Mary (25), John (25), Sarah (20), Ann (20), George (20), Dorothy (15), Eleanor (10) Jane (8), Thomas (5), Harriet (4), Mary Greet (25, Ind, N), Alexander Greet (25, ind, N).
1851 Census, Nouds, Linstead, all b there:
John Barling (74, farmer 508 acres, 32 men), Anne (59), M.E.V. (unm dau, 36), George V (30, Charles V (24), Philip (21), Eleanor (19), Jane (18), Harriet (12)
1901 Census, Oast House Lynsted, all b there on own means:
Jane Ridley (Head, wid, 67), Elinor (sister, 70), Harriet (sister, 63)
Issue:
His will lists a number of natural children, all treated equally:
they were James Harris a vet in the East Indies and Effelinda wife of Thomas Bares of Northampton, children of Effield Harris late wife of Jasse Thomas, Wheelwright of Sittingbourne
And “Mary Elizabeth Vallance, John Vallance, Ann Vallance, George Vallance Dorothy Vallance and Charles Vallance (my natural or repted children by wife Ann before her marriage and then called Ann Vallance the Elder whom I acknowledge to be my children and Eleanor Barling, Jane Barling and Thomas Barling my 3 children by Ann my wife since her marriage...

Married: Ann Vallance, 19/6/1828, Lynsted, but had a number of children by her before marriage and 3 within marriage, all of whom he acknowledged, and all adopted the Barling surname.

Ann Vallance ch 12/5/1792, Lynsted, of William & Elizabeth – nothing more found.
Ann died 25/10/1853, aged 61^MI.

John & Ann Vallance

Issue of John Barling and Ann Vallance, they all seem to have taken the Barling surname, but listed here as they would have been:
1/1. Mary Elizabeth Vallance, ch 6/11/1814, d. 23/8/1895, Linstead, 80.
1/2. John Valence Ch 28/4/1816, Lynsted

Married 1^st: 24 April 1845, at Boughton, John Valence Barling, son of John Barling, esq of Nouds (nears Sittingbourne) to Elizabeth Olive ygst dau of Rev G.P. Marsh (Kentish Gazette 29 April 1845)
Died Elizabeth Olive Barling, reg Thanet Q1 1874 age 63.
Married, 2^nd: Louisa Georgiana Blaxland Q2 1882, reg Brentford., dau of Samuel Blaxland & Elizabeth Bull ch 8/11/1839, St Botolph Bishopsgate.
Samuel Blaxland married Elizabeth Bull Weale, Godalming, 22/2/1825^ACt.
1851 Census, Devonshire Sq, Bishopsgate:
Samuel Blaxland (62, Wine Merchant, London), Elizabeth (49, Godalming), Louisa G (11, scholar, Bishopsgate)
Gravesend Reporter, North Kent and South Essex Advertiser 10 April 1886:
Death of John Valence Barling while following the Queens Buckhounds on S Bucks uplands. He was son of P Barling of Greenstreet, formerly of Arnolds Oak, Faversham.
1886 Probate John Valence Barling of Ailsa Park Villa, St Margaret’s, Twickenham, gent d 30/3/1886 to Louis Georgiana Barling Widow & Exec. £67.
1851 Census, Broughton under Beam, Kent, Village:
Rev GP Marsh (73, late Curate, Broughton), Dorothy (wife, 70, Linstead), Harry B (son, 38 at home) John V Barling (34, son in law, Farmer 20 acres), Elizabeth O (dau, 40, Hernshill), John Barling (g/s 4, Linstead).
1861 Census, Arnold Oaks, Easting, Kent:
John J Barling (45, farmer of 105 acres & 4 men, Linstead), Elizabeth D (50, Hernhill).
1871 Census, Oast House, Lynsted:
Mary E.V. Barling (56, no occupation), Ellener (sister, 39), Jane Ridley (sister, widow, 37), Harriet (sister, 30), John V (brother, 55 late estate agent), Elizabeth Olive (60).
1881 Census, Queens Rd, Kensington:
John V Barling (boarder, 64, wid, retired farmer, Linstead Kent)
2/1. John Barling, b abt 1847.

1/3. Sarah Vallance, ch 26/8/1817, Linsted of Ann of Linsted.

Married, 23/8/1841^FMPi, Lynsted, William Greet, full age, Lt RN, London, father Alexander, Inspecting Commander Coast Guard; Sarah Vallance Barling, full age, spinster, Linstead, John Barling esq.

1/4. Ann Vallance, b abt 1819, M Edward Blaxland, ch 6/4/1819, Linsted
1/5. George Vallance, ch 8/8/1820, died Q2 1895, reg Hendon, age 74
1/6. Dorothy Valance, ch 20/6/1822

1861 Census, 22 Mall Place, Faversham:
Dorothy Simpson, (Hd, wife, 36, Lynstead), Harry Terry (son, 2, Broughton), John Barling (nephew, 14, scholar, Linstead)
John Marsh Simpson, of St Pancras, bachelor of 21 & upwards licence 4/3/1857 to Dorothy Valance Barling OTP spinster also 21+.
Maidstone Journal and Kentish Advertiser 30 May 1857:
Married: March last in London, John Marsh Simpson, late HM 77^th Reg, to Dorothy 4^th dau of the late John Barling of Nouds.

1/7. Eleanor Barling, ch 14/1/1831^ACt, Linstead of John & Ann, Died Q3 1903 age 72, reg Faversham.
1/8. Charles Vallance ch 3/8/1825 bur 10/11/1900 Tower Hamlets age 75.
1/9. Philip Barling, ch 11/12/1829, Linstead, prob died Q1 1897, Reg Faversham, age 67.
1/10. Eleanor Barling, b abt 1832
1/11. Jane Barling, ch 6/12/1833^ACt, Linstead of John & Ann

Canterbury Journal, Kentish Times and Farmers' Gazette 16 September 1865:
Newcastle on Tyne, Sept 4^th J.L Ridley, surgeon of South Shields to Jane 6^th du of late John Barling. Thomas Lowrey Ridley.

1/12. Thomas Barling, ch 21/4/1836, Linstead
1/13. Harriet Barling, ch 9/6/1837, Linstead

Henry Blaxland

Ch 11/7/1748, Goodneston, (Nr Faversham), age at burial confirms this.
Parents: John & Elizabeth Blaxland
Buried 1816, St Benet Fink, age 68. Will dated 6/9/1810, probate, 20/5/1816
Of Camberwell, Sister Elizabeth: wife, children & Grand children not named.

Married: Henry Blaxland of Broad St, London, Elizabeth Davies by licence, Thames Ditton, 20/6/1776^ACi.
Elizabeth Davies possibly ch Wimbledon, 22/2/1746-7 of David & Jane

Issue of Henry & Elizabeth, St Benet Fink, London:
1/1. Henry Blaxland, born 23/10/1777, ch 18/11/1777, bur 28/8/1778.
1/2. Elizabeth Blaxland, b14/10/1778, ch 10/11/1778
1/3. Edward Blaxland B 31/7/1782, ch 27/8/1782 bur 7/9/1782, infant.
1/4. Edward Blaxland, 20/10/1783
1/5. Joseph Blaxland B 30/10/1780, ch 27/11/1780
1/6. Lucia Blaxland, b 25/11/1784, ch 22/2/1785.
1/7-8. Henry & George twins born 13/12/1785 & ch 16/12/1785^ACi.
1/9. Ann Blaxland, b 10/4/1788, ch 13/4/1788.
1/10. Samuel Blaxland, b 10/10/1789, ch 14/10/1789

William Webb

Probably ch Selling (Faversham, abode at marriage), 2/5/1756 of John & Sarah Webb.
Or Lenham, 14/10/1759 of John & Catherine Webb.

William Webb married Mary Hunt, Lenham (next to Harrietsham), 25/1/1778, he of Faversham, she a minor OTP.

William Webb bur Pluckley, 9/10/1802.
BofE : William Webb of Harrietsham, miller died possessed of £9500 of 5% 1797, admon to Mary Webb, relict, 26/10/1802. Probably the windmill at Pluckley.

Issue of William & Mary Webb, ch Harrietsham:
1/1. Elizabeth Webb, 27/4/1785
1/2. William Webb ch 26/7/1786
1/3. John Webb 30/9/1788,
1/4. George Webb, ch 7/1/1790
1/5. Richard Webb 3/11/1793,
1/6. Mary Ann 14/6/1795,

Also William Webb d intestate, to William Webb of Harrietsham, 1815. Similar entry 1813, D/duy Reg, Canterbury,

John Blaxland

Ch 17/2/1707^FMPt, Goodneston,
Parents: Henry & Anne Blaxland
Probably will 1755 of Goodneston, yeoman.
John Blaxland of Goodneston married Eliz Robus of Lyminge, B&S 28/2/1735, sh of Great Hardres.
Elizabeth Robus, ch Lyminge, 23/5/1716^FMPt, of Nicholas & Elizabeth Robus.
Issue, ch Goodneston,:
1/1. Ann Blaxland 4/3/1739
1/2. Bennett Blaxland 19/8/1744
1/3. Elizabeth Blaxland 28/10/1738
1/4. Henry Blaxland, ch 11/7/1748

Waddell Travels in detail.

11/5/1924 arr Southampton from Algiers

Walter Haworth, age 61
Gladys Waddell, age 30,
Peter Waddell, age 4.

30/11/1925, Sailed Avonmouth to Kingston, Jamaica, SS Motagua, Elders & Fyffes:

Walter Haworth, age 63, last address, Roslyn Lodge Hotel, Hampstead
Gladys Waddell, age 35, same address
Peter Lindley Waddell, age 6

7/2/1926, Arr Key West from Havana, for hotel in Miami

Gladys Waddell, age 32, tourist
Peter Waddell, 6, tourist
Walter Haworth, age 62, retired, tourist, last in US 1880

9/12/1926, Embarked Southampton for Algiers:

All of 114 Queens Gate, SW7
Walter Haworth, age 63, retired
Gladys Waddell, age 33
Master Peter Waddell, age 7.

3/8/1934, sailed Liverpool to Quebec, 10/8/1934, SS Duchess of York.

Rachel Waddell, 42, Apply Bridge, Address C/O CPR Montreal, Next of kin: Husband Mr Charles Waddell (handwritten), typed Brother Mr Ernie Haworth, Rendella, Apply Bridge, Lancs.
Peter Waddell, 15, Parbold,

25/8/1934: SS Pr Marguerite Seattle

Peter Waddell, mother Gladys accompanying, 15, student, of Cains Farm, Middx, father Ivan Waddell, Temp only, to San Diego, Chicago to Quebec. Arr Quebec 10/8/1934.

20/9/1934 Arrived from Quebec on Empress of Britain, Canadian Pacific

Abode Cains Farm, Cains Lane, Feltham, Middx:
Peter L Waddell, 15 student
Rachel A, 42, housewife.

30/7/1936, sailed Southampton, arr 6/8/1936 NY SS Manhattan, transit

Peter Waddell, 17, student, B Parbold, Sailing per SS Virginia to California return E via RR.

25/7/1936, Empress of Japan, Vancouver to Honolulu, arr 30/7/1936:

Gladys Rachel, age 42, b Apply Bridge.

7/8/1936, Honolulu to Vancouver, arr 12/8/1936 Victoria BC

Gladys Rachel Waddell

8/8/1936, SS Virginia, sailed NY 8/8/1936, arr San Diego 21/8/1936, Cruise.

Peter L Waddell, 17, student b Parbold, father Ivan W , Cains Farm, Frnd Mrs Roberts College of Nursing, SD Calif.

2/9/1936: SS Washington, arr Plymouth from NY P&G of Cain’s Lane
6/8/1937: London to Tangier:

PL Waddell, 18, Lockites, Charterhouse

27/8/1937: Arr London, from Tangier, Plymouth?

Peter Waddell, 17 Moore Lane, Staines, Student 18

12/7/1939, Manchester to St John NB

Peter Lindley Waddell, 19, student, of 13 Central Beach, Lytham
Thomson Graeme McLintock, 19 of Woodend Banstead Surrey.
Barry Risien, 19, 33 Northways Swiss Cottage.

29/9/1939: SS Washington, NY to Southampton,

Peter Waddell, 20, student, 13, Central Beach, Lytham.

HERBERT HAWORTH

A extensive history of the family is available on the internet, and mostly reproduced later.

born on 23 May 1858 in Oswaldtwistle. Ch at Mount Pleasant on 13 Jun 1858.
In 1880 when Herbert was 21, he married Betsy Jane Morris, in Wigan. Betsy was born in 1858 in Atherton.
1901 Census, 31 Church St Southport:
Herbert Haworth (42, Glue manufacturer, Oswaldtwistle), Betsey J (42, Atherton), Charles E (19, Apprentice glue maker, Oswaldtwistle), Horace J (14, Eccleston), Ted A (10, Appley Bridge), Rachel A.G. (7, Appley Bridge).

Herbert Haworth

Issue of Herbert & Betsy, from internet:
1/1. Charles Ernest. Born in 1882 in Oswaldtwistle.

1/2. Sydney Maurice. Born in 1885 in Eccleston, Chorley. Died Wigan in 1921,

1/3. Horace John. Born 1887 in Eccleston,

In 1924 when Horace John was 37, he married Edith Hill, in Ormskirk.

1/4. Ted Herbert. Born 1891, Wrigtington.

May have had double wedding with sister Rachael as same page in Registration Book.
In 1917 when Ted Herbert was 26, he married Margaret McArdle, in Christ Church, Douglas.

1/5. Rachael Alice Gladys (1893-) in Appley Bridge, Wrightington.

Married Ivan Lindley Waddell, in Christ Church, Douglas.
They had one child -
2/1. Peter L. Waddell born in 1919 in Wigan.

Peter Waddell’s Businesses

Marie Blanche:

Marie Blanche was a laundry run mainly by Peter Waddell, but with most of his generation of the family and AJP holding shares. It provided services to the directors & family members such as laundry and car spares (A3M!).

Sold December 1983.

The sale took about 2 years during which the losses continued to mount: the final sale value was about 1/3 of that originally envisaged. AM & ELM were paid £2114 each for their shares.

The Sunday Times, May 1 1966.
£200,000 laundry balloon seems set for higher things.

BY JOHN MATTISON

IN THESE DAYS of launderettes and fully automatic washing machines, it is a brave man who pays out over £207,000 for a loss-making laundry in South-West London. Peter Waddell, 46-year-old chairman of the Marie Blanche laundry company, has just paid this amount for the laundry division of London and Provincial Laundries, and at one swoop has doubled his laundry capacity and trebled his dry-cleaning capacity.
As far as Waddell is concerned this is not a vote of confidence in the future of the laundry business as a whole but in the high-quality, personalised, expensive service which Marie Blanche operates. Working from a shop in Mayfair and a fragmented back-street laundry, in Battersea, Marie Blanche's success so far has been based on a list of only 400-500 high-income private clients, and a service for guests at many of the West End's leading hotels such as the Dorchester, Carlton Tower, Westbury, Brown's, the Mayfair and Quaglino's.
For having their clothes washed and ironed by hand within 24 hours customers have to pay between 4s. and 5s. a shirt (against the average of around 2s.). The fact that there is a separate tariff on the price list for silk shirts gives an idea of the type, of clientele.
Waddell, a former Olympic skier, came across Marie Blanche in the early nineteen-fifties when he was still working at B P. He was already running a couple of launderettes in his spare time, and bought a quarter stake in Marie Blanche. Then, when he realised that the company was running into difficulties, he quit B P and after a short spell running the laundry decided to buy out the other interests. The total cost of 100 per cent. control was £5,500 — turnover was running at only £120 a week. Since then Marie Blanche has grown steadily — against the trend of the laundry industry — so that by last year Waddell, despite continuous absorption of buildings surrounding his backyard, faced a critical space problem. By this time he was a non-executive director of London and Provincial Laundries, which, after a reverse takeover deal, was keen on selling off its loss-making Battersea laundry. The deal was a natural and the - finance wasn't too difficult either. Waddell was in the happy position of being able to rustle up more than £200,000 privately—his family had made money from Croid glue and his wife's family had-just realised a lot of cash from the sale of their Josiah Parkes lock business to Chubb.
Waddell expects the two businesses to make about £50,000 profit this year and he is confident that future growth should enable a public flotation after five years. "This is our new family business," he says, "and I would like to see it quoted." The Marie Blanche balloon symbol (the company is named after Marie Blanchard, a French balloonist who is reputed to have delivered laundry to Napoleon by balloon) certainly seems set for higher things.

CROID GLUES – Waddells as shareholders

This business interest probably derived from Gladys (Hawroth) Waddell’s father’s business in Stockport.

From Newark Advertiser (no date)

One of Newark's foremost industrial companies, Croda Adhesives off Winthorpe Road, celebrates 50 years of trading in the town this month.
Today, Croda's Newark factory is the company headquarters for an international network of adhesive manufacturing plants located across Europe, the Americas and Asia Pacific.

At home, meanwhile, it is interesting to think that whenever you tear open a Nestle or Cadbury's chocolate bar, the special food-safe 'cold-seal' adhesive which holds the packaging together may well have been produced in Newark by Croda.

As with so many of today's world-beating companies, however, the origins of Croda are humble enough, having been the brainchild of just one man and his innovative ideas about the ways in which glue could be marketed and sold.

The company can trace its origins back to 1911 when a Mr. P. H. W. Serle registered a company known as Improved Liquid Glues Co. Ltd. Up until that time almost every kind of glue was sold as a solid, requiring it to be dissolved in water and boiled before use. It was Mr. Serle's idea to manufacture a range of ready-to-use glues in liquid form, making them easier to apply and instantly attractive to both commercial and domestic users.

His factory - the first to make so-called 'prepared' glues in this country - was located in Croydon, giving rise to the company's first trade name, Croids.

Mr Serle's early glues (made in the traditional way from bone and animal hide) proved highly successful and in 1919 when Alcock and Brown became the first aviators to fly nonstop across the Atlantic, their large wood and fabric biplane relied on Croid glues in some of its construction.

Such success had already led the company to seek new, extended, premises in Wapping, and in 1920 it became a subsidiary of the large British Glues and Chemicals combine.

A year later, a further move brought Croid to Bulwell in Nottingham, followed eight years later by a further relocation to Bermondsey in London.

In 1940 the Bermondsey factory was heavily bombed and Croids production was transferred to a site in Newark already owned by British Glues and Chemicals.

BGC had acquired the Newark family glue-making business of Quibell Brothers in 1920. The name Quibells, however, continued to be used for trading purposes until as late as the Sixties.

Quibell's glue factory was located beside the Trent close to the old Bottom Lock, some distance off Winthorpe Road. Part of the premises survive to this day.

With the war over and the Bermondsey factory still requiring considerable repair, Croids decided to remain in Newark and develop their site adjacent to the existing Quibell's factory.

Building on from the warehouse loaned to them by BGC, Croids began to develop a new factory complex beside the main London-Edinburgh railway line.

And it was the foundation stone for this new undertaking which was laid 50 years ago this month on May 25, 1948.

At the stone-laying ceremony the Mayor of Newark (Mr J. H. Knight) described the new building as "making history for Newark" establishing a new permanent home for Croid after its previous wanderings around the country.

The new factory opened a year later in April, 1949, by the then BGC chairman, Mr Harold Cotes.

The Newark Advertiser reported that "The new building has a smart facade of facing bricks with stone dressings - inside there is a terrazo entrance hall off which lead offices and a terrazo staircase to the upper storey where the laboratory is located."

With the new works in full production the company was reported to be making no fewer than 85 different kinds of glue, each specially formulated for specific purposes - from use in the woodworking and leather industries to commercial packaging and bookbinding.

A new department in the late Forties saw the company experimenting with the first PVA emulsion adhesives which were to become the company's principal output during the Fifties and Sixties.

Croids played a central role in developing the new PVA adhesive technology, first by buying in the compounds from outside, but later using its own polymers, developed in-house. A great deal of additional pioneering work into the new processes was carried out in the Newark laboratories leading ultimately to the development of the first hot melt adhesives in the UK.

Another milestone in the company's history was reached in 1968 when British Glues and Chemicals (including Croid) was taken over by Croda International.

From that time onwards the company has gone from strength to strength in Newark and in 1989 celebrated the opening of its new multi-million pound global headquarters at the Winthorpe Road site in Newark.

From a company which came to the town almost as a refugee in the dark days of the second world war, the Newark offices of Croda now control a network of adhesive manufacturers across the globe from the USA and Canada to Brazil, Belgium, Italy and Australia.

New markets are currently being opened up in China and the Far East, while during 1997 the company's sales growth in South America was described as spectacular.

In Newark, meanwhile, investment in new technology remains the company's watchword with new plant recently having been installed to produce adhesives for the food packaging industry.

TOP: Chairman Mr Harold Cotes laying the foundation stone for Croids new works at Newark, May 25, 1948.

6. THE MOORE FAMILY

This section was complied from Jeremy & Carol-Ann (Waddell) Moore’s talks, and later from Frank Grenfell (2003). Extensively expanded 1/2021
Generation numbers are from Jeremy as #1.

   The Moore family is only traced back to generation 4 to a labourer whose son went up in the world and became a solicitor; they have not left much of a paper trail. Jeremy’s grandfather, John William, was the solicitor, while his grandmother, Mildred Bowl came from a more humble family – her father was a coffee stall owner in St Pancras, and originated in Gloucestershire, where the obvious line disappears.
    The family of Jeremy’s mother (Mary Grace Sheppard) were grander: the Sheppards were Anglo Irish, Cromwellian settlers – an extract from Burkes is included at the end of this piece. Many of them were military so there is a fair amount of information, one served in the Crimea. Mary herself was born in India while her father was on the Staff in the Indian Army, rising to Colonel before retiring to the Isle of White. Another of that family, Philip Dickson, a Jerseyman, was at the battle of Balaclava (in the Artillery so would not have been in the Charge of the Light Brigade). From a couple of newspaper reports, he became a crusty old colonel!
     Philip Dickson’s wife was Constance Phipps Toker whose mother was Eliza Branthwayt from Norfolk. Her father was an eminent man in the law, her grandmother was from an Huguenot family, Champion de Crespigny. One of the coincidences in genealogy is the occasional completely random connections which appear: Edward Toker (see below) was a neighbour of John Barling, one of the Waddell ancestors in Kent – John & Edward Toker and John Barling both appear in a 1816 newspaper cutting relating to a late start to the sporting (i.e. hunting etc) season. This was “The year known as the Year Without a Summer”[21].
    One of the Irish Sheppards was heir to a Dawson fortune, hence the use of the Dawson name. Thomas Sheppard married Georgiana Lees in 1863: her family were mill owners in Oldham, and can be traced back several generations, as they came up in the world, although but her father lived in Cheltenham on the mill income.

JEREMY PATRICK DAWSON MOORE

Born: 17/3/1938,

Parents: Norman Frederick Alexander and Mary Grace (Sheppard) Moore.

Died: 1/10/2005 of heart failure at home in Stowe on the Wold, Glos, with service at St Edward's 14/10/2005. Tributes and remembrances were made by his brother, Michael and David Morgan and Bill Lyon-Shaw.

JPDM was educated at King's School, Canterbury and then at Royal Naval College, Dartmouth (1956), sub-Lt 1958. Was in submarines, before leaving and joining Vickers Shipbuilding in Barrow in Furness. In the late 1960's they moved to Hampshire. Later on he was involved with other, smaller business enterprises.

Married, 3/8/1963: Carol Ann Waddell, born Oaken 31/8/1942.

Issue:
1/1. Sophie Louise Moore, born Woking, 15/12/1964.
1/2. Julian Lindley Branthwayt Moore, born Kendal, 13/3/1967.

Moore Generation 2

From Jeremy as #1:

NORMAN FREDERICK ALEXANDER MOORE

JPDM 2/01
Born: 22/11/1908^DregReg Q4 1908 Croydon, mother Bowl, born Mitcham.
Parents: John William & Mildred Adelaide (Bowl) Moore.
Died: 7/4/1980^Probate of 12 The Green Binham, Fakenham, Norfolk

1952, mother’s probate, a petroleum company official (Anglo American Oil Co, which became Esso).

Captain Royal Norfolk Infantry, TD. Known as "Mickey"
NFAM had sister called Lorna.

Married, 8/6/1935: Mary Grace Sheppard: engagement announcement of 17/1/1934[22] calls her 2^nd daughter of Col GS Sheppard CMG, of Malton House, Shanklin, IoW.
He was the son of J.W. Moore of Mitcham, Surrey
St Clement Danes: NFAM, 26, bachelor, Manager. Anglo American Oil Co, of 15 Derwent Ct, Strand, father JWM, solicitor, MGS 26, spinster of Malton House, Shanklin, IoW, father George Sidney Sheppard, Col retd Indian Army.

Mary Grace Sheppard

JPDM 2/02
Born 12/3/1909, Bombay, ch 12/4/1909, Poona,
Parents: George Sidney & Constance (Dickson) Sheppard
Probate: 22/5/1982 of Folly Farm, Rose Green Lindsey, Ipswich. £57780 , D reg Sudbury, Q2 1982, DoB 12/3/1909.
There is no trace of her on the census’s or the 1939 registration.
Issue:
1/1. Michael John Moore, born 18/2/1936. Ed King's School, Canterbury.

RMA Sandhurst (1954/55). 2^nd Lt 15/19 Hussars (Dec 1955), Malaya, N Ireland, Yemen, Captain 1960.
Married, 10/12/1960: Frances Mary Ball.
2/1. Phyllida Kingsley Moore, b 4/12/1961

Daily Telegraph 17 November 2000
PHYLLIDA ONSLOW, who has died of cancer aged 38, became the first head of The Daily Telegraph's corporate relations department, charged with projecting the paper's image to other media.
She demonstrated that rare ability to bridge the gap between commercial considerations and journalism. She threw herself with an infectious enthusiasm into the promotion of junior golf, the Cheltenham Literary Festival and the Chelsea Flower Show; she also set up a special radio and television studio in which journalists could be interviewed.
She was born Phyllida Kingsley Moore on December 4 1961, and spent some of her earliest years living in a mud brick hut when her soldier father was posted to the Yemen. As a three-year old playmate of the local Yemeni children, Phyllida could chant the Koran so well that her friends' parents, if they shut their eyes, were said to be unable to tell the blonde child from one of their own.
Phyllida was educated at North Foreland Lodge, Hampshire, and at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, where she read History, played lacrosse for the university second team, and shot. She also attended the University Art Schools, impressing one tutor who leaned over her shoulder to ask: "What are you reading?" "History," she replied. "I suppose your parents insisted on that - what a waste."
Phyllida first worked with the public relations firm Biss Lancaster, before arriving at the Telegraph in 1988.
On leaving after her marriage to Richard Onslow - with whom she had a son and a daughter - she worked as a consultant to United Newspapers and OnDigital. Phyllida Onslow then moved to Dorset, where she renovated her listed house and became a valued primary school governor. Latterly, she had set up a wedding gift business.
She is survived by her husband and children.

2/2. James Richard Branthwayt Moore, b 23/12/1962.

1/2. Jeremy Patrick Dawson Moore.

Moore Generation 3

JOHN WILLAM MOORE

JPDM 3/01
Born Camberwell about 1879.
Q2 1878, Camberwell, mother Wood,
Parents: William & Mary Ann (Wood) Moore

1901 Census, 22 Bird in Bush Rd, Camberwell/Peckham, with parents:
John W. (22, Law Solicitors clerk, Peckham)
1911 Census, Leonard Langdale Ave, Mitcham:
John William Moore (32, Solicitor, Camberwell), Mildred Adelaide (23, M 3 yrs, 1 child, Eaton Sq) Norman Frederick Alexander (son, 2, Mitcham)

JWM married Mildred Adelaide Bowl, Q4 1907^FMPt reg, St. George Hanover Square, PR ST Peter Eaton Sq. He age 29, she 21.

Mildred Adelaide Bowl

JPDM 3/02
MAB born Q1 18/1/1886^FMPt, ST Georges Hannover Sq, mother Scars, bap 22/2/1886 of David & Eliza (Sears) Bowl St Peter Eaton Sq.
Died, Probate: of the Old Chiswick Vicarage, The Mall, W4, widow died 25/12/1952, Isleworth Hospital, probate to NFAM, petroleum Company official. £1135/0/7d.

Issue of JW Moore & Mildred:
1/1. Norman Frederick Alexander Moore.
1/2. Lorna Moore, born Q2 1912, reg Croydon, mother Bowl.

GEORGE SIDNEY SHEPPARD

JPDM 03/03
Born:1/11/1867^LDS, Waterford, Ireland. Parkswood from Army records. Parkswood House now a good B&B 2021.
Parents: Thomas Sheppard & Georgiana Lees.
Probate Index: of Malton House, Shanklin, IoW, died 1/2/1936, To Constance Le Feuvre Sheppard £2105/12/7d.
1881 Census, Delancey Fever Hospital, Leckhampton:
GSS (13, convalescent Scholar, Ireland).
Early Army record: born Parkswood, Co Waterford, 2^nd Lt 4^th Dragoon Guards.
1886: 3^rd & 4^th King’s Own Regt, GSS to be Lt. (Liverpool Mercury 12 May 1886)
1892: to Indian Staff Corps (Army and Navy Gazette 23 July 1892)
1899: from 4^th King’s Own to 4^th Dragoon Guards. (Civil & Military Gazette (Lahore) 17 January 1889).
1900: Indian Staff Corps, To be Captain, Lieutenant GSS[23].
1901, 150 Oxford St, Totterdown, Bristol. GSS listed in directory

1902: Capt Ind S.C.
1907: Promoted Captain to Major, India, of Military Accounts Department[24].
1908: Army List: Major, last Reg Dragoon Guard; military accountant, 3^rd class, Rawalpindi.
1912: Major, Indian Army, DoB 1/11/1867 (AC Army List)
1915 & 1916: Lt Col, Indian Army
1918: Colonel.
1919: IEF Major (Col) 1914 star to be issued off India Officers roll. Financial Advisor.
1920: Colonel, Indian Army retired 10/8/1920 (London Gazette).

Married: Reg Q3 1896 Eton.

Constance Le Feuvre Dickson

JPDM 03/04
Born: 22/9/1871, registered Q3 1871, mother Toker, reg. Kensington.
Parents: Col. Philip & Constant Phipps (Toker) Dickson
Died 2/1950^FMPt, reg IoW age 78.
1939: living in Shanklin, Isle of White, widow, DoB 22/9/1871, Private means.

Issue:
1/1. Mary (May) Grace Sheppard, born 12/3/1909, married NFA Moore.

1/2. Constance Louise Sheppard. (Nancy)

Married: Admiral Geoffrey F. Burghard: 3/1/1931 as Miss Nancy eldest dau of Col G.S Sheppard of Malton House, Shanklin, Lt Cmdr Geoffrey B, son of Mr & Mrs A.W. Burghard of Boddinick, Cornwall[25].

2/1. Susan Moore (died in infancy)

2/2. Stephen Frederick Burghard, born 10/3/1936

Married, 1/5/1959: Susan Wood.

Issue:

3/1. Celia Burghard, b & d 5/9/1960

3/2. Mark Frederic Burghard,

3/3. Sarah Burghard, b. 20/1/1965.

2/3. Martha Elizabeth Burghard. Married, 10/9/1977, F. Alan Bevis

3/1. George Kent Bevis b. 6/7/1978.

1/3. Helen Sydney Sheppard, b. 14/8/1911-4/7/1995,

Helen Sidney b 14/8/1911, ch 14/9/1911^ACi, St George, Edington, Somerset, of Catcott, Major Indian Army.
Married (1) Capt. Russell Grenfell, RN (10/4/1892-4/7/1954).

Married (2) 1958, Evelyn Lindsay-Young (b.25/11/1893)
Issue of Helen & Russell Grenfell:
2/1. Julia Grenfell

Married, 20/4/1960: Capt Jeremy MA Barkworth, 16/5 Royal Lancers

Jeremy died 1981, and Julia married Charles Baron.

3/1. Catherine Barkworth, b 12/11/1962

3/2. Charlotte Barkworth, b 10/1965

3/3. Henrietta Barkworth, b 1/1967

3/4. Diana Barkworth, b 12/12/1969.

2/2. Kate Grenfell, married Sir Richard Barrow.

3/1. Anthony Barrow, 5/1960.

3/2. Nony Louise Barrow, b. 5/8/1963.

3/3. Frances Barrow, 4/1971.

2/3. Frank Grenfell, master at Eton (2003)

f.grenfell (at) etoncollege.0rg.uk.

3/1. Andrew Grenfell, 1984.

3/2. Peter Grenfell, 1985

3/3. Elizabeth Grenfell, 1986.

From Frank Grenfell, 2/2003:
I don't know how much information, if anything, you would like about the Grenfells. I know on my own tree that I rarely go further back than one generation in families who married in, if for no other reason that the amount of information increases very rapidly indeed if you do otherwise. So unless you ask I shan't do anything. We think the Grenfells are an interesting family, with all sorts of adventurers. One John Grenfell was killed by bush rangers in Australia, but it led to the arrest and conviction of the outlaws, so in honour of him they gave the township of Emu Creek the new name of Grenfell. There's Lord Grenfell, of course (not close enough to me ...), and Sir Wilfred, who was my father's first cousin.

Moore Generation 4

WILLIAM MOORE – B 1846

JPDM 04/01
This looks to be very likely to be the one as William is specific about the Aldersgate birth place in 1881.

Born: abt 1846, London, ch 13/9/1846^FMPt, St Botolph.
Parents: John & Ann (Daniel) Moore

Married: Mary Ann Wood, Q4 1874, reg Southwark, nothing more on Mary Ann – too common a name.

1881 Census, 249 St George’s Rd, Camberwell:
William Moore (35, Labourer, City), Mary A (30, Charwoman, Camberwell), John W (3, Camberwell).
1891 Census, Radnor St, Peckham:
William Moore (44, Cement Whiting Moulder, Aldersgate, London), Mary A (44, Newington), William J (13, solicitors clerk, Peckham).
1901 Census, 22 Bird in Bush Rd, Camberwell/Peckham:
William Moore (55, Cement Whiting Moulder, London), Mary A (52, Bermondsey), John W. (22, Law Solicitors clerk, Peckham)
1911 Census, 8 The Clears, Reigate:
William Moore (65, Whiting Moulder, London City), Mary Ann (63, M 37yrs, 4 born live, 1 still living, Bermondsey).
Issue:
1/1. John William Moore b 1879

DAVID BOWL, 1849-1901

JPDM 04/03
Born: b Q2 1849, Reg Cheltenham
Parents: Thomas & Martha Bowl. No trace of them.
Died: Q4 1901 reg St Georges Hannover Sq, age 52.
1881 Census, 21a Eaton Lane:
David Bowl (31 Coffee Stall Keeper, Leckhampton), Eliza (wife of, Bucks Datchet), Albert (9, scholar, Chelsea), Florence (7, St George HS), Louisa (6, St George HS), Martha (1, ST GHSq).
1891 Census, 21a Eaton Lane, Belgravia, all b St George’s H(annover) S(quare) except David:
David Bowl (41, Coffee Stall Keeper, Leckhampton, Glos), Eliza (39), Albert D (19, Stationer’s Clerk), Martha A (11, scholar), Beauchamp E, son, 9, scholar), Thomas C (8, scholar), Gertrude (6, scholar), Mildred A (5, scholar), Ethel S (2)
1851 Census, 2 Torquay Cottages, Leckhampton:
Jonathan Bowl (31, Ag Lab, Wick, Glos), Ann (25, laundress, Cheltenham), Jonathan (7, scholar, Leckhampton), Thomas (2, Charlton Kings), Sarah Ann (1, Leckhampton), Thomas Bowl (34, visitor, Ag Lab, Wick), Martha Bowl (visitor, 33, Brockworth), David (visitor, 1, Leckhampton)
1861 Census, Pilby Lane, Leckhampton, all b there except noted:
Jonathan Bowl (41, Ag Lab, Wick, Glos), Ann (37, laundress, Cheltenham), , Thomas (12, Ag Lab, Charlton Kings), Sarah Ann (11, Scholar), William (8, scholar), Eliza (5, scholar), Lucy Jane (3), Leah Elizabeth (6 mths), David (nephew, 12, visitor).

Probably David’s parents:
A Martha Bowls died Q2 1855, reg Cheltenham.
A Thomas Bowl died Q1 1856, reg Cheltenham

Married: Eliza Sears Q2 1871^FMPt, Chelsea.

Eliza Sears

JPDM 04/04
Eliza B Q4 1851^FMPt, reg Eton, Bucks.
Parents: Charles & Eliza Sears – deduced from censuses
Died Q4 1927, reg St Georges Hannover Sq.
Probate: of 42 Claverton St, Pimlico, widow, died 30/10/1927^FMPi, probate to Albert David Bowl, traveller, £735/9/7d
Issue of David & Eliza Bowl:
1/1. Albert David Bowl b. 7/2/1872,

Probate: Albert David Bowl, of Ilford Essex, died 17/9/1942, to Laura Annie Bowl, widow £331/5/2d. D reg Ilford Q3 1942, age 70
1939 Census, Ilford hospital: Albert D Bowl, b 7/2/1872, retired

1/2. Martha A Bowl b. abt 1880
1/3. Beauchamp E Bowl b. abt 1882
1/4. Thomas C Bowl b. abt 1883,
1/5. Gertrude Bowl b. abt 1885,
1/6. Mildred Adelaide Bowl b. 1886, M John William Moore.
1/7. Ethel S Bowl b. abt 1889
1/8. Florence Bowl b. abt 1874

THOMAS DAWSON SHEPPARD

JPDM 04/05
Born Waterford about 1832, No birth found – most records of the period were lost in 1921,
Burke’s Irish Heraldry 1912, quoted below, shows his ancestry.

Son of Thomas & Eliza (Hobson) Sheppard (Burkes).
Burkes: Thomas Dawson (Sheppard), Col. late King's Own Royal Lancaster Regt.,

J .P. cos. Wexford and Gloucester, served in Crimean War 1854-5,

present at Alma, Inkerman, Sebastopol, and in Indian Mutiny

1857-8, has fifth class Medjidie (The Grange, Shanklin, Isle of

Wight; Army and Navy Club; Kildare Street Club], m. 1863, Georgiana, only dau. of George Lees, J.P., of Werneth Hall, Lancs,
Probate: of the Grange, died 18/12/1916 to Georgiana Sheppard, widow. £1747/15/11d.
1871 Census, 3 Lansdown Villas Cheltenham:
Thomas Sheppard (39, Major Wexford Militia, J.P., Ireland), Georgiana (32, Cheltenham), Maria G (6, Cheltenham), Thomas D.L. (4, Cheltenham), George S (3, Ireland), Herbert (1, Ireland)
1881 Census, Cheltenham:
Thomas Sheppard (48, Col 1^st Reg Lancs Militia, Major County Wexford, B Waterford), Georgiana (48, Cheltenham), Maria (16, Scholar, Cheltenham)
1891 Census, Lansdown Court, Cheltenham:
Thomas D Sheppard (59, Col in Army Retired JP, Ireland), Georgiana (52, Cheltenham) Maria G (25, Cheltenham.
1901 Census, The Grange, Shanklin IoW:
Thomas Sheppard (69, Retired Col in Army, Ireland), Georgiana (62, Cheltenham), Maria G Everley (M, dau 36, Cheltenham), Vivyan Everleigh (g/s 2, Newcastle (on Tyne)).
1911 Census, The Grange, Shanklin IoW:
Thomas (78, retired Co, Ireland), Georgiana (70, 4 children all alive)

Married: Georgiana Lees Q3 1863^FMPt, reg Cheltenham

Georgiana Lees

JPDM 04/06
Burkes: Only daughter of George Lees, JP of Werneth Hall, Lancs
Georgiana Lees born Q4 1838^FMPt, reg Cheltenham, mother Parry.
Ch Cheltenham, 20/3/1838^ACi, of George & Maria Lees esq of Pittville House, Cheltenham.
Probate: died 1/7/1924 at The Grange, widow, Probate to Thomas Dawson Lees Sheppard, vice admiral and Maria Georgiana Everlegh, widow £1879/16/8d.

Issue of Thomas & Georgiana Sheppard:
1/1. Maria Georgiana Shappard, b abt 1865,

M Charles Newman Evelegh, Q2 1893, IoW (major re Burkes & died 12/1907).
She died 16/2/1945, Shanklin IoW, probate to Maj Gen Vyvyan Everlegh
6518/19/3d
2/1. Vivyan Everlegh b abt 1899, Newcastle on Tyne. Maj Gen, died 27/8/1958, Devon.

1/2. Thomas Dawson Lees. Shappard, b abt 1867

Burkes: b. 7 April, 1866; m. March, 1904, Mona, widow of Major Holden, Berkshire Rest.
Admiral Sir Thomas Dawson Lees Sheppard, K.B.E., C.B., M.V.O., Royal Navy, Retired (7 April, 1866 – 24 February, 1953)
Thomas Dawson Lees Sheppard was born in Cheltenham on 7 April, 1866, the son of Lieutenant-Colonel T. D. Sheppard of The King's Own Royal Lancashire Regiment.

1/3. George Sidney Sheppard, b abt 1867, Ireland
1/4. Herbert Cecil Sheppard, b 23/7/1869^Burkes, Ireland, Major R.F.A.

PHILIP DICKSON

JPDM 04/07
Philip Dickson bapt 31/1/1829^FMPt, St Helier Jersey,
son of Adam Thompson & Ann Dickson.
Died 2/2/1895, London.

1871 Census, Victoria Rd, Kensington;
Philip Dickson (42, Rtd Lt Col RA, Jersey) Constance P (33), Graham P (1).
1881 Census, Wargrave, Victoria Rd, Clevedon, Somerset:
Philip Dickson (52, Rtd Lt Col RA, Jersey), Constance P (41, Hendon)

Graham P. (11, scholar), Folkestone, Constance (9, London), Louisa V (8, Shropshire), Avery W (6, Shropshire), Richard J (4, Shropshire) & 4 servants including governess born in Calcutta.
1891 similar, the Shropshire births were at Cardington, then in Bedford.

1855[26]: probably Captain in the Crimea
Nov 1864[27]: Brevet Major Philip Dickson (RA) retired half pay (sold out?)
Major Philip Dickson promoted to Lt Col, RA, March 1866[28]

1892[29], probably him: At Bow-street on Tuesday, Philip Dickson, of gentlemanly appearance, and describing himself as a Lieutenant-Colonel, was charged before Mr. Vaughan with disorderly conduct. The police evidence showed that accused caused a crowd to assemble by pitching coins into the street for lads to scramble for, and he was taken into custody on refusing to go away. —Prisoner said his object was simply to break the law, as the Duke of Cambridge had done by imprisoning him for thirteen months. The Magistrate said this was absurd, whereupon the prisoner remarked: “I advise you to be very careful what you say, or you will eat your words with a leek in the morning." Mr. Vaughan observed that it was difficult to believe a sane man would talk like that, to which the prisoner retorted “the foolishness is on your side. The poor are under sentence of the law, but the rich break English law with absolute impunity." Mr. Vaughan discharged the prisoner.

1895: Colonel Philip Dickson died in London, on 2^nd inst (2/2/1895) aged 66. He retired from the Royal Artillery in 1866, having served through the Crimea Campaign, including the battles of Alma and Balaclava and received the medal and clasps, the Legion of Honour and the Medjidne.
1895 Probate: of 8 Constantine Rd, Hampstead, retired Lieutenant Colonel in Her Majesty’s Army died 2/2/1895. London 1 April to Constance Phipps Dickson, widow & Avery Tyrrell esq £22393/1/6d

Married: Philip Dickson 15/4/1857^FMPt, Constance Phipps Toker, born 1838, St Luke Jersey.

Constance Phipps Toker

JPDM 04/08
born Q1 1838^FMPt, reg Hendon.
Parents: Philip Champion & Eliza Jeanette (Branthwayt) Toker
Probate: Constance Phipps Dickson, of Wargrave, Stoddens Rd, Burnham on Sea, Somerset died 9/10/1933 Probate to Constance Le Feuvre Sheppard (wife of George Sidney Sheppard.
1/1. Constance Le Feuvre Dickson, b 22/9/1871

Moore Generation 5

John Moore

JPDM 05/01
B abt 1796
Buried 25/2/1849^FMPt, St Botolph, of 3 Hart Ct, age 53.

John Moore m Ann Daniel, St Sepulchre, 7/8/1826^FMPt.
1841 Census, 5 Fenn St, St Botolph:
John Moore (45, Packer, Y), Anne (34, N), John F (13, errand boy, Y), Ebenezer (8, Y), Anne (5, Y), Daniel (6mths, Y).
1851 Census, 1 Fenn St, St Botolph, Aldersgate:
Ann Moore (mother, wid, 45, Bag Maker, Laundress, unreadable place), John F (son, 22), Light Master, Midx, Glass House), Ebenezer (18, Light Master, Cloth Friar), Mary (7, scholar, Fenn St), William (5, scholar, Fenn St), William Wetherby (nephew, 20, Porter, Cloth Friar).
Issue:
1/1. John F Moore, ch 24/1/1830^FMPt Lambeth of John & Ann.
1/2. Ebenezer Moore, b. 24/10/1832, ch 24/3/1833^FMPt, St Botolph Aldersgate
1/3. Anne Moore ch 13/3/1836
1/4. Daniel Moore ch 13/12/1840, prob bur Spa Fields 22/12/1844 age 2+
1/5. William Moore ch St Botolph, Aldersgate, 13/9/1846 of John & Ann.
1/6. Mary Moore, ch St Botolph, 29/10/1843^FMPt of John & Ann

CHARLES SEARS, 1826-93

JPDM 05/07
Ch 4/6/1826^FMPt, of Edward & Lydia, Datchet.
Died: Q3 1893, Reg Eton, age 67.
1851 Census, London Rd, Datchet, all b there:
Charles Sears (25, Bricklayer journeyman), Eliza (25), Ellen Elizabeth (1)
1861 Census, London Rd, Datchet, all children b there:
Eliza Sears (head, Mar, 36, Railway Porter’s wife, Middx, Poplar??), Elin R (11), Eliza (9), William S (6), Louisa (3), Charles (7 mths)
1871 Census, Datchet:
Charles Sears (45, Bricklayer, Bucks Long Crendon), Eliza (46, Datchet), Eliza (19, domestic servant, Datchet), William (16, Plumber & Painter, Datchet), Louisa (13, scholar, Datchet), Charles (10, scholar, Datchet), Annie (8, scholar, Guildford), Walter S. (5, scholar, Guildford)
1881 Census, Datchet:
Charles Sears (55, Bricklayer, Datchet), Eliza (56, Datchet), Walter S (15, apprentice Wheelwright, Guildford).
1891 Census, Datchet:
Charles Sears (65, living on own means, Datchet), Eliza (66, Datchet), Walter Silas (25, wheelwright, Datchet), Victoria Long (g/dau, 2, Windsor)

Married: Charles Sears M Eliza East Q4 1848, reg Marylebone.
19/11/1848^ACi Charles Sears, 22, bachelor, bricklayer, 53 Park St, father: Edward Sears, Bricklayer, Eliza East, 24, spinster, 53 Park St (Marylebone), father: Joseph East, Smith.

Eliza East

JPDM 05/08
Ch 25/8/1824^FMPt Datchet, of Joseph & Rebecca, a labourer of Datchet
Eliza East Poss C41 Old Quebec St, Marylebone, born Middx age 15 F.J. (female servant?)
Issue:
1/1. Eliza Sears, (1851-1901) M David Bowl
1/2. Ellen Elizabeth Sears, b abt 1850
1/3. William Sears, b abt 1855
1/4. Louisa Sears b reg Q1 1858, Eton, mother East

Louisa Sears Prob married Edward Long, Q3 1887, Reg Kensington.
Re dau Victoria Long, b Q2 1888, Reg Windsor.

1/5. Charles Sears Born Q4 1860, reg Eton
1/6. Annie Sears, b abt 1863
1/7. Walter Silas Sears, b abt 1866

GEORGE LEES

JPDM 05/11
George Lees ch Oldham 5/3/1810^FMPi, born 15/1/1810 of Edward Lees of Oldham esq & his wife Alice. Several others, but this looks the most likely (others a Hatter, a Smith etc).
Died: 2/11/1879 at Lansdown House (Cheltenham) of Werneth, Lancs, JP for that county aged 69[30]. reg Q4, 1879 Cheltenham, age 69.

Probate index: George Lees of Werneth, Oldham, to Wm Hy Lees, 1878
Railway Shareholders: George Lees late of Lansdown House, Cheltenham, probate 2/11/1879 to GH Booth.
Maria prob died Q3 1807, but age shown as 59, Cheltenham

Marriage Licence: 15/4/1834, Cheshire:
George Lees, Bachelor of Prestwich cum Oldham, Lancs, esq age 21 & upwards and Maria Parry, age 21 & upwards spinster of Liverpool to be married in St Philips.
Too many Maria Parry’s in Liverpool.
Married 19/4/1834^ACi, St Philips.
1851 Census, Sidney House, Malvern:
George Lees (41, Landed Proprietor, Oldham) Maria (41, Liverpool) Francis G (2, Denbigh)
1851 Georgiana at school in Powick, Worcestershire
1861 census, Lansdown House, Cheltenham:
George Lees (51, Landed Proprietor, Oldham), Maria 50, Liverpool), Georgiana (22, Cheltenham), Edward J (25, Capt in the Army, Oldham)
1871 Census, Lanes Hotel, London:
Inter alia, George Lee (widower, 61, magistrate, Oldham)

1/1. Georgiana Lees, only daughter.
1/2. Edward John Lees ch 5/5/1835^FMPt, Oldham

Ancestry of George Lees.

From Historical Sketches of Oldham by Edwin Butterworth

Pub. 1856 (Oldham Historical Research Group)
Re Werneth Lodge (now a care home GII listed 2021).

The late John Lees, Esq., was the son of Daniel Lees, a farmer and manufacturer, at Barrowshaw, in Oldham, and was brother of Daniel Lees, Esq., of Bankside, manufacturer. He erected Church-lane mill, and chiefly resided in the dwelling adjacent to it; and subsequently became Colonel of the Oldham Volunteers and Local Militia - he died April 9th, 1823. His son, Edward Lees, Esq., succeeded to the property, and was a resident of Werneth Lodge, a modern house, a short distance from the old hall at Werneth. This gentleman, who died May 29th, 1835, was the father of the present possessors of the estate, John Frederick Lees, Esq., and George Lees, Esq., of Werneth Lodge. The former was M.P. for the Borough, from 1835 to 1837.

Barrowshaw, was in 1633 the abode of the Brearleys. Abell Brearley was a landholder in Oldham in 1681. The Leeses appear to have held land at either Further or Nearer Barrowshaw, in the seventeenth century. Their descendants were relatives of the Leeses, of Pit-bank, and have become the progenitors of several of the principal families in the district. Alice, the heiress of John Lees, gentleman, of Alt.-hill, married Jonathan Pickford, Esq., of Macclesfield, who died 1689, and was great grandfather of Joseph Piekford Esq., afterwards Sir Joseph Radcliffe, Bart., by whom the property at Barrowshaw was possessed, and it is now vested in the present Sir Joseph Radcliffe, Bart. Sholver contains several yeomanry farms, which became freeholds on their purchase from the Prestwich family. One of these was possessed in 1681 by Raphe Hilton. Daniel Hilton held land near West-street, in Oldham, in 1688. Samuel Hilton, yeoman, of Hathershaw, died in 1753. The late Mr. Abraham Hilton, mill owner, of Croft-bank, died August 28, 1827. Top of Fold was in 1752, the dwelling of Mr. John Kershaw, an opulent freeholder, who in his day possessed about six farms. The Mellors, Buckleys, and Dunkerleys, were amongst the principal families of the hamlet of Sholver, in the last and preceding centuries. Platt`s Farm, in Sholver, seems to have been the abode of the ancestors of John Platt, yeoman, who held land at Hill in 1759. Tweedales, another tenement, received its designation from a family of the same name. Joseph Tweedale was a freeholder in Sholver, 1681. Moorside was long the residence of the Cowpers. There was anciently a farm called Cowpers. in the vicinity. At Sholver-moor stood the habitations of the Dronsfields and Bardsleys, old families in the district. Thomas Dronsfield, yeoman, was living in 1735. Barrowshaw-Hill was in 1752 partly the property of' the Rev. Jacob Scholes, a trustee of the will of Samuel Scholes, yeoman, of Glodwick, and Horsedge, a benefactor to the poor of Oldham, who was related to the Scholeses,

Philip Champion Toker

JPDM 05/15
Ch: 15/12/1802^FMPt, Faversham, Kent
Parents: Edward & Clarissa Toker
Proctor of Doctor’s Commons.
Probate PCT formerly of Oaks Ospringe afterwards of Folkestone, Kent late of 1 Adam street, Adelphi, Middx esq, died 3/9/1883 Berkin Manor Horton, Slough, to Philippa Champion Orne Toker of Farleigh House Folkestone, spinster attorney to Allison Champion Toker, the son the surviving executor now in Calcutta. £1285/5/2d.

1841 Census, Bridge House Braint St, Hendon:
Philip Toker (38, ? Doctors Inn, N), Eliza (32, N), Eliza (9, Y), Edward (8, Y), Arthur (6, Y), Grace (5, Y), Constance (3, Y), Vienetta? (1, Y).
Philip Champion Toker married 17/9/1830 Eliza Jeanette Branthwayt, St Pancras, London.
1861 Census, 68 Strand Rd, Walmer, Kent:
Philip C Toker (58, Solicitor & Commissioner of?? City of London, Faversham), Eliza (52, Norfolk), Grace J (24, St G Hannover Sq), Anetta C (20, Hendon)

Marriage Licence
Philip Champion Toker esq, Bachelor of St Pancras >21, Eliza Jeanette Branthwayt of Bathwick, Bath Spinster >21 15/9/1838^ACi.
married St Pancras Chapel Camden 17/9/1830^ACt-i

Eliza Jeanette Branthwayt

JPDM 05/16
Born 15/4/1808, ch 16/4/1808^ACi
dau of Arthur & Eliza his wife, late Eliza Trent (nee Phipps), widow, born Honingham, Norfolk,.
Probate index, died Folkestone, 14/2/1889, to Philippa B.O Toker

There is a Branthwayt tree going back a further 10 generations to a John Branthwayt early 16^thC in Yorkshire, appearing in Norfolk by mid 16^thC. There is a good history of the Branthwayts of Hethel with images of the MI’s.

Issue of Philip & Eliza Toker:
1/1. Eliza Clarissa Emilia Toker B 23/12/1831^FMPt, Camberwell,

ch 1/9/1833, Ospringe D 1888).
Married Jersey, 27/10/1855^FMPt Richard Bulkley Twyford.

1/2. Edward Toker, ch 1/9/1833 Ospringe
1/3. Arthur Branthwayt Toker, b 18/7/1834, ch 24/9/1834^FMPt ST G Hannover Sq.

Probate, Lt in the 65^th Regt of Infantry, Auckland NZ, died 1/1/1866 to PCT, father of 16 Gt Knight ST, Doctors Commons London.
1/4. Grace Trent Toker, b 28/4/1836, ch 21/5/1836 St George Hannover Sq

1891 Census, 42, Bouverie Sq, Folkeston:
Grace J (54, Single, living on own means, Belgravia), Philippa C.O. (sister, 47, own means, Hendon), Grace M.C. (niece, 8, Ontario, Canada), Philippa J.C. (niece, 8, India Dinapore), Constance V (niece 7, India Bengal)
Bur 17/7/1891, Folkeston
Probate to PCOT, died 13/7/1891, £2680/2/3d.

1/5. Constance Phipps Toker, b 1838, M Philip Dickson
1/6. Anetta Toker, b abt 1840
1/7. Philippa Champion Orme Toker, b Q3 1842^FMPt, reg Hendon.

Probate: died 2 Lansdown Rd, Bedford, 15/4/1923^FMPi to General Alliston. £3232/6/8d.

1/8. Sir Alliston Champion Toker, Born 10/12/1843 in Hendon.

Died Bedfordshire Q2 1936, aged 92.
educ: Victoria College, Jersey; entered the Bengal Army, 1860; Major General, 1897; served in Bhutan Expedition, 1864-65; Egyptian Expedition, 1882; present at the battle of Tel-el-Kebir; served in Burma War,1886-87; in Command of 18th Infantry, Bengal Cantonment Magistrate, N.W.P., 1876-81; Deputy Secretary, Government of India (Military Department), 1887-93; Superintendent of Army Clothing, Bengal, 1892-97; passed Higher Examination in Oriental Languages; Translator of Professional Text-books for use in Native Armies in India. Publications: Translations of several Military Text-books into the Urdu, Hindi, and Gurmukhi languages. Address: 77, Waldeck Avenue, Bedford.
Married: 22 Jun 1868, Bhaugulpore, Bengal, Katharine Annie Adams, daughter of Thomas or James O'Brien Adams. She 1 Nov 1878, Ranikhet, Bengal.
Issue of Alliston Toker (mostly from wikitree):
By Katherine Adams:
2/1. Katie Josephine Toker, b. 27 May 1870, d. 1955, m. 24 Sep 1891, John Patrick Cumberlege Hennessy, son of Alexander Cardew Hennessy & Mary Henrietta Fullerton (Cumberlege) Hennessy

2/2. Mary Champion Toker, b. 5 Jun 1871
2/3. Arthur Branthwayt Toker, b 18/7/1874, ch 22/7/1874, Agra, India.

Married 2^nd 23 Nov 1881, Laura Frances Hart, daughter of William Hamilton Sherriff Hart & Mary Ann (de Mestre) Hart (born 1860) at Dinapore, Bengal, India
Issue by Laura Hart:
2/4. Philippa Jeanette Champion Toker 19/8/1882, ch 28/9^FMPi, Dinapore

d. abt. 1970, m. 1905, Hugh St John Clough Hazledine, son of John Rowland Lovell Hazledine & Sarah Grace Boevey (Clough) Hazledine

2/5. Constance Vivien Toker b 30/11/1883, ch 26/12^FMPi, Dinapore, D 1949.
2/6. Frances Trent Toker, b. 14 Mar 1885, d. 1978,

Married, 1909, Rowland Stubbs, son of Reuben Stubbs & Annena (Sillitoe) Stubbs

2/7. Richard Edward Toker, b. 1886, d. 9 Jul 1952, m. 18 Feb 1913,

Aileen/Eileen Muriel Williams, daughter of Peter Elwin Williams & Catherine Isabella Ann (??) Williams

2/8. Effield Branthwayt De Crespigny Toker, b. 8 Apr 1888, d. 1959,

m. 27 Sep 1913, Alexander Bruce Gordon, son of Robert William Gordon & Esther Smith (Gibson) Gordon

2/9. Annette Collen Toker, b. 6 Feb 1890, d. 1966,

m. 1916, Stanley Mirams, son of Arthur Mirams & Sarah (Nettleton) Mirams

Moore Generation 6

EDWARD SEARS (1798-1871)

JPDM 06/13
ch Long Crendon, 26/3/1798^FMPt, of John & Mary
Edward Sears died Q3 1871, reg Eton, age 74.
Probate: Edward Sears late of Datchet, Bricklayer died Datchet 15/8/1871, to George Sears, son, builder & William Bidwell. <£100.
1841 Census, The Square, Datchet Common, Bucks:
Edward Sears ((41, Bricklayer, Y), Lydia (40, Y), Mehalah? (15, Y),
Charles (15, Y), John (10, Y).
1851 Census, Datchet:
Edward Sears (54, Bricklayer 10 men, Long Crendon, Bucks), Lydia (55, Ivinghoe), David (20?, Bricklayer journeyman, Datchet), Frederick (16, Labourer, Datchet), Emily (14, scholar, Datchet), Elizabeth (12, Scholar, Datchet).

Edward Sears married Lydia London, 5/10/1818^FMPt, Ivinghoe, Bucks

Lydia London

JPDM 06/14
ch Ivinghoe 13/9/1797^FPMi
Parents: James & Ann London (BT’s) - NFI
Died: Q1 1888, reg Eton, aged 90.
Issue, b Datchet – evidently a mass baptism – FMP transcript only:
1/1. Alfred Sears, b 1819, ch 18/7/1837
1/2. George Sears b 16/2/1821 ch 5/8/1821^ACt, Ivinghoe, Exec in Edward’s will.

Prob married Joanna Elizabeth Haggar, reg Lambeth, Q1 1845, 31/3/1845^FMPt, Kennington, his father Edward, hers Elijah Haggar
Elijah Haggar M Elizabeth Goss, 4/10/1818 Ipswich.
Prob died Q2 1875, reg Eton.
1851 Census, Datchet:
George Sears (30, Bricklayer journeyman, Ivinghoe), Johanna (31, Ipswich), Sarah (5, Wendover), George (2, Datchet)
1871 Census, Datchet, Bucks:
George Sears (50, Builder, Ivinghoe), Johanna E. (52, Ipswich), George C (22, Bricklayer, Datchet), Harry (15, carpenter, Datchet)), Alice (13, scholar, Datchet), Sarah Hadder (sister in law, unm, 44, Thames Ditton)

1/3. Charles Sears ch 4/6/1826, M Eliza East
1/4. David Sears b 1831? ch 18/6/1837
1/5. Frederick Sears, b 1835 ch 18/6/1837
1/6. Emily Sears b 2837 ch 18/6/1837
1/7. Elizabeth Sears ch 31/5/1839.
1/8. John Sears, ch 18/6/1837 – poss died Q1 1844, reg Eton.

JOSEPH EAST

JPDM 06/15
ch Chalfont St Peter 5/4/1791 of William & Sarah East.
Died Q3 1867 reg Eton, age 77.
1851 Census, Road to London, Datchet:
Joseph East (56, Blacksmith, master, Chalfont St Peter, Bucks), Rebecca (55, Upton cum Chalvey)
1861 Census, Datchet:
Joseph East (70, retired Smith, Chalfont St Peter), Rebecca (65, Upton Chalvey)

Married: Joseph East & Rebecca Lovegrove, B&S, OTP, 15/12/1822^ACi, Twickenham. both signed.

Rebecca Lovegrove

JPDM 06/16
ch 3/4/1796^ACt, Upton cum Chalvey, Bucks (5m N of Datchet)
of William & Rebecca Lovegrove
William Lovegrove married Rebecca Callaway, 22/4/1794^FMPt Upton cum Chalvey
William’s origin is not clear – only 2 are at Amersham & Marlow. Similarly for Rebecca.
Rebecca East died Q3 1870 age 74 reg Eton.

Only Issue found:
1/1. Eliza East ch 25/8/1824, Datchet, M Charles Sears 1848

Edward Lees

JPDM 06/21
Ch 15/11/1772^ACi of John & Mary Lees,

twister of Oldham
Edward Lees died 5/6/1835^FMPt, age 62
Will & Admon of Edward Lees late of Werneth Lodge esq granted to John Frederick Lees & George Lees sons & residuary legatees Alice Lees <£12000. 8/9/1835^FMPi – index.
Marriage
Licence: Edward Lees of Oldham in Lancashire, merchant and Henry Parry of Liverpool, merchant £500 for licence to Bishop of Chester 21/4/1801 for marriage of Edward Lees & Alice Parry.
PR: Edward Lees, merchant of Prestwich cum Oldham and Alice Parry spinster of Liverpool. Maria Parry & Catherine Lees witnessed, Liverpool 21/4/1801

Alice Parry

JPDM 06/22
Alice Parry b 14/5/1771 ch 9/6/1771^FMPt Liverpool of Henry Parry, mariner.
Bur: 8/2/1845, Oldham, age 74^FMPt.
Maria Perry b 1/10/1772^FMPi, ch 26/10/1772 of Henry Perry, Mariner.
Issue of Edward & Alice Lees at Oldham: ACi & FMP
1/1. Mary Ann Lees b 30/5/1805 ch 15/7/1805
1/2. Edward Lees b 18/8/1806 ch 23/10/1806, bur 16/4/1810
1/3. John Frederick Lees born 15/1/1809 at 5 in the morning & ch 27/2/1809.

Prob married Margaret Lovatt, 19/5/1839, Manchester.
1851 Census, Adelphi Hotel, Liverpool:
John Fredrk Lees (M, 42, Magistrate, landed Proprietor, Oldham).
1861 Census, 3, Lansdown Villas, Cheltenham:
John F Lees (52, Landed Proprietor, Oldham), Margaret (48, Liverpool), +4 servants.

1/4. George Lees ch 5/3/1810

Edward Toker

JPDM 06/29
Born 9/4/1778^FMPt, Ospringe, Kent

Parents: eldest son of John & Mary Toker of The Oaks, Ospringe.
Bur: Ospringe, Kent 4/5/1849^FMPi of The Oaks, age 71
Married: 15/12/1801, Ospringe; he bachelor OTP, she spinster of Faversham.

Clarissa Champion de Crespigny

JPDM 06/30
Born: 1776, St Mary London.
Parents Philip Champion de Crespgny.
Bur: Clarissa Toker Ospringe, Kent 10/12/1836, aged 61 Oaks.
Issue of Edward & Clarissa (Crespigny) Toker (from ancestry):
1/1. Philip Champion Toker (1801-1882)
1/2. Clarissa Mary Josephine Toker (1804-1877), bur 20/3/1877, Eastry, unm
1/3. Richard Edward Toker (1807-1892)

M Mary Elizabeth Thomson, dau of Thomas Thomson at Petham, 17/9/1835^NP.

1/4. Charles Brooke Toker (1810-1832)
1/5. Claude Buck Toker (1811-1841)

drowned 22/10/1841, Newcastle District Upper Canada[31].

1/6. Georgiana Maria Toker (1813-1821)
1/7. Thomasina Fanny Toker (1815-1859)

M 10/6/1846 to John B Kenrick at Ospringe[32].

1/8. George John Toker (1817-1842)

Married 9/11/1840^NP Elizabeth ygst dau of Charles Rubidge, RN, Newcastle District Canada
died 18/9/1842^NP, of fever Peterborough, Upper Canada[33]

Werneth Lodge & John Lees

From Historical Sketches of Oldham, Edwin Butterworth

Thomas Lister, Esq., was the fifteenth of his family in descent from John Lister, of Derby, living in 1312, who married Isabel, heiress of John de Bolton, bowbearer of Bowland. Mr Lister, who died in 1745 ,was father of Thomas Lister, Esq. (died 1761), father of Thomas Lister, Esq., afterwards Lord Ribblesdale, who, on the 24th March, 1792, five years previous to his elevation to the peerage, sold the estate of Werneth, to Messrs. Parker and Sidebottom, of London, for the sum of £25,500;—the two joint purchasers sold the property on the 1st of May, 1795, to John Lees, Esq., cotton manufacturer, of Church- lane. Oldham, for £30,000. At the time of the taking of the Testa de Nevill survey 1320—1310, the annual value of the estate would be about £1 5s., which would form an aggregate value of £31 5s. This property consists of 102 acres of land, exclusive of 152, at and near Green acres-moor, various chief rents with valuable minerals, chiefly of coal, and extensive common rights. The present annual value of the property is about £3,000. The late John Lees, Esq., was the son of Daniel Lees, a farmer and manufacturer, at Barrowshaw, in Oldham, and was brother of Daniel Lees, Esq., of Bankside, manufacturer. He erected Church-lane mill, and chiefly resided in the dwelling adjacent to it; and subsequently became Colonel of the Oldham Volunteers and Local Militia—he died April 9th, 1823. His son, Edward Lees, Esq., succeeded to the property, and was a resident of Werneth Lodge, a modern house, a short distance from the old hall at Werneth. This gentleman, who died May 29th, 1835, was the father of the present possessors of the estate, John Frederick Lees, Esq., and George Lees, Esq., of Werneth Lodge. The former was M.P for the Borough, from 1835 to 1837.

Moore Generation 7

John Lees

JPDM 07/41
Ch Oldham, 10/8/1746^ACi
Parents: Daniel Lees
John Lees bur Oldham 14/4/1823^FMPt age 76, exec Edward probate 3/11/1823 as esq
Annuity from estate of John Lees of Oldham esq who died 8/4/1823 to Edward Lees of Oldham, esquire £60 As executor for Mary ?? (ebay note receipt for sale). Raised 5 coy’s of Oldham Volunteers 1803-4. Lt Col in 1807.

Married: John Lees & Mary Banford both of Oldham, at Prestwich, 11/4/1769^ACibts
Most transcriptions have her as Bamford.
Mary Bamford ch Oldham 27/7/1746^ACi of James & Sarah of Top of Bentbrow, Oldham, twiner. No marriage of James & Sarah found.

There are several John & Mary Lees with baptisms at Oldham between 1757 & 1775 (& several John & Mary marriages from 1757 on):
A Yeoman of Clarksfield,
Weavers of Preisthill, of Mumps Hill, of Clodhill & Sholver Lane.
However this fits the facts best:

Issue of John & Mary of Oldham, twister, the only one with Edward:
1/1. William Lees 11/2/1770, of Oldham twister, bur 11/10/1807
1/2. Catherine Lees of John & Mary Lees of Oldham, Throwster, ch 17/3/1771

Married William Chippendale, Oldham 2/9/1802.

1/3. Edward Lees ch 15/11/1772, twister.
1/4. Anne Lees of J&M Twister, 6/1/1775.

John Toker

JPDM 07/57
Ch 27/2/1746^FMPt, Ospringe
Parents: Edward & Martha Toker

Died 9/8/1817, of The Oaks, age 71.
Will Dated: 4/3/1815, proved 8/11/1817 PCC, John Toker of the Oaks, Ospringe, esq. He built the Oaks (House). Extensive property in Kent.

His parents are unknown in Kent, but maybe West Country people:
Only marriage found was Edward Tooker of Lamerton to Martha Matthews of this parish married 23/1/1732-3 Coryton, Devon.

Married Faversham 9/4/1776^FMPi, Mary Buck by banns JT of Ospringe, bachelor, Mary Buck of Faversham, spinster. Wit Martha Buck.

Mary Buck

JPDM 07/58
Ch 4/9/1754 Faversham
Parents: Thomas & Susanna Buck
Died 3/3/1814, age 59, bur Ospringe

The Oaks, and garden, wall to east and south, 24.1.6 of house):
House. Late C18 and early C19. For John Toker. Red brick and plain tiled roof. Three parallel ranges. Two storeys on plinth with cornice to parapet and stacks to left and to right. Regular fenestration of 5 glazing bar sashes on first floor and 4 on ground floor, all with gauged heads. Central double half-glazed doors with Gothic traceried fanlight, and open pediment on engaged Doric columns. Garden wall curves along road to east and south of house, approximately 8 feet in height, of red brick, approx. 50 yards in length. Described as built "not many years since" by Hasted (1798). (See Hasted II 502.)

Issue of John & Mary Toker:
1/1. Edward Toker, ch 9/4/1778
1/2. Thomas Richard Toker, ch 14/9/1779^FMPt, Ospringe, bur Ospringe 3/7/1846 age 66, of Regents Park, London.
1/3. Richard Toker, ch 22/2/1781, Ospringe

third son of John Toker, Esq. and Mary his wife. Captain in the 96th Regiment. Died in Antigua, 20th Sept. 1805, aged 24.

1/4. Martha Toker, ch 20/6/1783^ACt died 26/1/1837^ACt Ospringe, age 58
1/5. Margaret Grace Toker, ch 17/5/1787^FMPt Ospringe, alive 1863.
1/6. Susanna Toker, ch 15/10/1784, M Tomas Smith

Memorials inside Christ Church, Ramsgate
A black marble tablet for Susanna wife of Thos Smith, Esq. R.N., and second daughter of the late John Toker Esq. of Oaks Ospringe, Kent, who died 3d Jan. 1836, aged 51.

Also another tablet for Percival Lewis, Esq. of Downton House, Radnorshire, obiit 26th July, 1838, aet. 48.

1/7. John Buck Toker, ch 15/8/1795, Ospringe

John Buck Toker of Manchester & Ospringe filed for bankruptcy 20/3/1856
Manufacturer of Malleable cast iron, trader dealer and Chapman.
JBT died 4/3/1859 at the Oaks, Ospringe John Buck Toker, esq, RN in his 63^rd year. Bereaved widow & sister[34].
Kentish Gazette 12 May 1863 Case re JBT & PCT & Margaret Grace.

Philip Champion de Crespigny

JPDM 07/59
Born: 1738
Parents: He was of Huguenot descent, the son of Philip Champion de Crespigny (1704-1765), proctor of the Admiralty court, and his wife Anne Fonnereau, daughter of Claude Fonnereau of Christchurch Mansion in Ipswich, Suffolk. His elder brother Claude was made a baronet in 1805.
1801 – of Aldburgh when Clarissa married
He was a British lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1774 and 1790.
Died on 1 January 1803. His obituary in The Gentleman's Magazine described him as “very much a man of fashion in his person and demeanour, full of anecdote, and with a turn for satirical humour that rendered him a very amusing companion” Wiki.
Philip Champion de Crespigny was probably educated at Eton College in 1748, and was an advocate of Doctors' Commons in 1759. In 1768 he became King's Proctor and held the post until 1784.

Champion de Crespigny was married four times:
Married 1^st: Sarah, daughter of Thomas Cocksedge of Thetford, Norfolk, on 24 November 1762;
Married 2^nd: about 1771 to Betsy Hodges who died 1772;
4^th: Dorothy, daughter of Richard Scott of Betton, Shropshire, on 20 February 1783.
Married 3^rd:
JPDM 07/60
Clarissa, daughter of James Brooke, 1/7/1774 (died on 15/5/1782).
His daughter Eliza married Hussey Vivian, 1st Baron Vivian.

fb4e4-cdecclarissabyromney

Clarissa Champion de Crespigny and two of her children by George Romney[35]. It would seem that the daughters shown are Clarissa born about 1775 and Maria born about 1776.

Issue of Philip & Clarissa:
1/1. Clarissa Champion de Crespigny
1/2. Maria Champion de Crespigny

John Sears
married Mary Munday, 15/5/1791, Long Crendon.
No obvious John Sears or Mary Munday – several in other parts of Buckinghamshire.
Issue:
1/1. Edward Sears

James London ch 6/4/1777^FMPt, Ivinghoe
of Henry & Sarah London.
Buried, 17/1/1812^FMPt, Ivinghoe - possibility
No suitable marriage found to Ann.
1/1. Lydia London of James & Ann.

William East

born 28/12/1762, ch 6/1/1763, Datchet of Thomas & Ann – a possibility.

Or William East bur Chalfont St Pater, age 74 21/1/1823 perhaps.
ch Uxbridge, 28/12/1747 of Thomas & Mary East.

William East married Sarah Stringal, Chalfont St Peter, 30/9/1782^FMPt.
Sarah, wife of William East of the Post House, Chalfont ST Pater, bur 16/11/1796.
Sarah Stringal not found.

Issue of William & Sarah East, ch Chalfont ST Peter:
1/1. Sarah East, 8/12/1782
1/2. Ann East 20/4/1783
1/3. Elizabeth East, 21/7/1785, bur 10/5/1797 dau of William & Sarah of Post House.
1/4. James East 4/6/1786
1/5. William East 9/10/1787, bur 20/10/1787
1/6. William East 7/12/1788.
1/7. Joseph East, 5/4/1791

Moore Generation 8

Henry London ch 28/7/1753 of Francis & Mary, Mentmore D 1839
Henry London m Sarah Seabrook 12/2/1776^ACt, Pittstone, Bucks
Sarah (Seabrook, dau of John & Frances Fenn, b abt 1755-1788 – AC tree, or ch 12/8/1753^FMPi of John Seabrook & Elizabeth Wells, Aston Abbots, college of Arms transcription)
Sarah, wife of Henry buried Ivinghoe 10/6/1788^FMPt.
Issue:
1/1. James London

Daniel Lees

JPDM 08/81
ch Oldham (BT) 25/4/1723^ACi of John & Mary

of Borrowshaw, clothier
Marriage: Daniel Lees Tushan-man Oldham Martha Lees spinster of Oldham by banns 23/8/1743^ACi. (Tushan looks correct – prob an archaic weaving term.)
Issue of Daniel & Martha, weaver of Barrowshaw
4/1. Daniel Lees Ch Oldham St Mary 8/2/1756^ACi, bur 6/3/1822.
4/2. John Lees ch Oldham, 10/8/1746^ACi

Thomas Buck

JPDM 08/115
Ch: Possibly 18/5/1716^FMPt, Wye, Kent of Thomas & Elizabeth Buck
Bur 16/2/1777, Faversham
He left a will detailing extensive estates in Kent (dated 15/2/1777 Probate 14/10/1777).
Married 1^st 2/11/1752^FMPi at Bicknor by licence Thomas Buck of Faversham & Mrs Susanna Thurston of Bredgar (a widow by assumption).
Susanna Buck bur 8/7/1761 Faversham.

John Thurston & Susanna Chapman married 1/2/1742-3, Milton-Next-Sittingbourne, Kent, she of Milton, he of Sittingbourne.
Bur Mr John Thurston of Sittingbourne, surgeon, 19/12/1745 Bredgar.

Married 2^nd 21/10/1762^FMPi, Thomas Buck & Effield Carter by licence Canterbury.
Effield Carter ch 22/7/1718, Canterbury of William & Elizabeth Carter.
Effield Buck, bur Faversham 16/5/1796, age 77.

Issue of Thomas & Susanna Buck,
At Bredgar
1/1 & 2. Martha & Susanna Buck twins, 6/8/1753
At Faversham:
1/3. Thomas Chapman Buck, ch 3/11/1758, bur 2/4/1759.
1/4. Amy Buck, 14/11/1759, bur 20/1772-3
1/5. Effield Buck, ch 14/11/1759
1/6. Mary Buck, 4/9/1754, married John Toker
1/7. Grace Buck ch 9/10/1755
1/8. Thomas Buck 2/7/1761, Prob bur 2/2/1801, Faversham

Generation 9
Francis London ch Woburn, 30/5/1731^FMPt of Francis & Mary
Francis London M Mary Sibley, 18/4/1745^ACt, Leighton Buzzard

John Lees

JPDM 09/161
ch 11/3/1695-6^ACi of Daniel Lees of Lees of

Ashton parish (under lyne)?
Jno Lees & Mary Steel? both of Hollinwood A weaver & spinster married 2/5/1721^ACi. Hollinwood between Ashton under Lyne & Oldham
3/1. Daniel Lees ch Oldham (BT) 25/4/1723^ACi of John & Mary

Daniel Lees

JPDM 10/321.
ch 14/5/1665^ACt Oldham, of John, probably him.
A transcript on FMP has him “in scholver” (part of Oldham now)
Daniel Leese of Austerlands married Oldham Sarah Leese of Oldham 27/3/1692-3
1/1. Daniel Lees ch 11/3/1704-5^ACi Oldham, of Daniel living at Barrowshaw
2/2. John Lees ch 11/3/1695-6^ACi of Daniel Lees of Lees of

SHEPPARDS of IRELAND (Burkes)

Landed Gentry of Ireland, 1912, Burke:
P636
Lineage Two brothers, THOMAS and WILLIAM SHEPPARD, settled in Ireland. The latter was the ancestor of Sheppard of Kilcunahanbeg (see below). The former,

CAPT. THOMAS SHEPPARD, who came over in Cromwell's Army, was Governor of New Ross, co. Wexford, in 1659. He received a grant of 1,439 acres at Castle John, co. Tipperary (Act of Settlement enrolled 12 Dec. 1666), and in his will, dated 1670, proved 1671, he mentions his son, THOMAS, of whom next, his four daus., and his brother, William. The son,

THOMAS SHEPPARD, of Castle John, co. Tipperary, J.P. 1724; will dated 3 Dec. 1723, proved 3 June, 1724; M. Mary , and had, with other issue,

THOMAS SHEPPARD, of Castle John, co. Tipperary, m. (sett. 2 May, 1721) Hannah, dau. of Sir John Mason, of Waterford, by whom he had issue with three daus., Mary, m. 1743, Thomas Hackett of Gamlenstown, co. Tipperary; Jane, m. 7 Sept. 1748, Henry Alcock of Waterford; Susannah, M. Paul.

JOHN SHEPPARD, of Castle John and of Loughborough, co. Kilkenny, d. 1786; will dated 17 Mar. 1781, pr. 31 May, 1786; m. 1^st, Ellen, dau. of William Hore, of Harperstown, co. Wexford, by whom he had issue,

1. Thomas Sheppard, of whom next.
2. John, Major 13th Dragoons, d.s.p.

He m. 2ndly (marriage setts. 1755), Anne, dau. of George Read, of Snugborough, co. Kilkenny, and had further issue,
3. George, m. 1789, Mary, dau. of William Alcock, and had issue, William, of Kiltrassy, co. Kilkenny, m. 1823, Dorothea Anne, dau. of William Morris, of Harbour View, co. Waterford, and had issue an only child,
Mary Elizabeth, d. 1884; m. 1848, George Sutherland, of Forse, Caithness.
1. Anne, m. 1774, Lieut. Benjamin Morris, 3rd Regiment of Horse.

The eldest son,
REV. THOMAS SHEPPARD, of Castle John,
m. 1st (setts. 1770) Hannah, dau. and co-heir of Edward Dawson, of Whitefield, co. Tipperary, and had issue,
1. John, d.s.p.
2. Thomas Sheppard, of whom next.

He m. 2ndly, Susannah, dau. of Bull, of Waterford, and by her had issue,
3. Ponsonby, R.N.

The second son,
THOMAS SHEPPARD, of Edwardstown, co. Wexford, M.F.H. Waterford, d. 1865 ; m. Eliza, dau. of Samuel Meade Hobson, Q.C., of Muckridge, co. Cork, and had issue,
1. Thomas Dawson Sheppard, m. 1863, Georgiana, only dau. of George Lees.
2. John, d. in. New Zealand; m. and had issue, a dau., Lily Maud.
3. Henry, Capt. 34th Regt., m. Lily Hamilton, dau. Of Campbell.
4. Ponsonby, Major-General, late Col. 2nd East India Regt,,

b. 1842; d. Feb. 1909; m. Miss Levy, of Jamaica, and had issue.
Ponsonby, D.S.O., Capt. R.F.A., served in S. African War, 1899-1901, action of Nonclweni, b. 10 Jan. 1879, m. 8 Dec. 1906, Nellie Marion, eldest dau. of Henry Adler, of Dornfontein, Johannesburg. S. Africa.

5. Richard Meade, m. Miss Innes, and had issue, a dau.
1. Martha, m. John Milward, of Loxley.
2. Hannah, m. Col. Alex. Green Grant, 85th Light Infantry.
3. Eliza, m. William Michael Ardagh.
4. Victoria Eleanor, m. ]. E. Tarleton.

The Descendant of William Sheppard, the other brother:
HENRY GODDINGTON SHEPPARD, of Kilcunahanbeg (formerly called Clifton), co Tipperary, J.P., Capt. and Hon. Major late 3rd Batt. Leinster Regt., served in South African War (two medals), b. 17 Jan. 1869 ; m. 9 Jan. 1895, Mabel Frances, dau. of Craven Westenra Doolan, son of Palmer Doolan, J.P., of Derry House, Shinrone,
and has issue,

Winifred Agnes, b. 1900.

7. THE BALDWIN FAMILY

    This version of the Baldwin family originated in Dursley, Gloucestershire, where Thomas appears with no obvious origins in about 1819, becoming Grocers in the town. Thomas’s son, Edward worked for his time in the Railways, as a clerk, moving from Bristol to Derby perhaps within a railway company; however somehow by 1901 he became a Professor of Music. Edward’s son, Thomas Glover, carried on working for the railways in Derby, but Edward’s grand son, Thomas Alfred (Tony’s father) became a doctor. The Glover name came from Edward’s father in law who was another Grocer in Bristol. Tony’s grandmother, married to Thomas Glover Baldwin, Mary Maud Brown came from an industrial family in Derby, latterly Iron founders, but worked their way up with the industrial revolution.
     Tony’s mother, Dorothy Povey-Harper was from a mining family in Leicestershire: her father, Frederick was chairman of one of the Nuneaton mines at the time of nationalisation and director of several others: he qualified in 1899 at Durham (The mining college was for a time part of Durham University. Frederick’s father, John was what would now be called a consulting engineer in Derby: there are several examples of his mining design work available on the internet. John probably had his initial introduction to mining in the Shropshire fields around Broseley, but these were in decline in the 2^nd half of the 19^thC.
    John Povey Harper was born in Whitchurch in Shropshire where his father, George, was described as a banker and solicitor. John had married one Kate Craig who was born in India where her father was an iron founder. Alexander Craig’s origins I have not found, but Kate’s maternal grandfather was a Tailor in Calcutta. It is anybody’s guess how John and Kate met: he was resident in Derby, she in London, where they married in 1876: it must be assumed that she came back to Britain when young, her father having died when she was a baby. There is no trace of her in the censuses, but her mother probably remarried.
    The Povey & Harper families were from Shropshire. George Harper was married to Martha Povey whose father was a wealthy landowner from near Oswestry, one of their estates was Derwen, now the site of a garden centre. George’s will makes good reading; the will itself is normal, but a codicil goes off into a vituperative tirade about how his wife’s sister’s husband, Edward Oswell was diverting the Povey lands and assets to his own use and the fact he was living rent free on his father-in-law (confirmed in the censuses!). The Poveys were one of several interrelated families up the Welsh border around Oswestry & Chirk. The earliest identified Harper was Thomas of Whitchurch, a flax dresser in 1792: this was a period when the flax & linen trade was developing in Shrewsbury.

The generation numbers count from Tony Baldwin as #1

Baldwin Generation 2

Thomas Alfred Baldwin

BALD 02/01
(6/3/1909 - 1969) and Dorothy Jean (Povey-Harper, 1919-1959) Baldwin. ATB has brothers John (married to Christine, living in Herefordshire, with children Stephen, Sheila and Rebecca) & William (married to Ann). TAB was son of Thomas Baldwin of Derby and had siblings Audrey, Hilda & Ray. DJP-H was daughter of Frederick Povey-Harper (a coal mining engineer from Nuneaton), and had sisters Valerie and Mary. FPH had brothers Clifford and Kenneth.
Marriage broke up when Dorothy ran off with Thomas’s doctor partner. House sold etc. She died drunk & on drugs.
TAB a Doctor.

1939 Reg, Hyton Lane, Nuneaton:
Thomas A Baldwin, (3/7/1909, retired Practitioner), Dorothy Jean (30/11/1918)

Probate: Thomas Alfred Baldwin of 109, Main St, Higham on the Hill, Leics died 3/5/1969. £17903.

Married, Q1 1939^FMPt, reg Hinkley:

Dorothy Jean Povey Harper

BALD 02/02
Born: Reg Q4 1918, reg Nuneaton.
1919-1959
Parents: Frederick Povey Harper
Issue:
1/1. Antony T Baldwin 19/08/1941
1/2. John Baldwin, 1939.
1/3. William Baldwin,

Baldwin Generation 3

Thomas Glover Baldwin

BALD 03/01
Born: Q2 1876, Reg Derby, mother Glover – 21/3/1876^AC1939.
Ch: 3/9/1876, Bristol, St Andrew, Montpelier, of Derby.
Parents: Edward Field & Charlotte Ann (Glover) Baldwin
Probate: died 4/5/1960 of Instow, 221 Warwick Ave, Derby, to Hilda Maud Baldwin, Audrey Glover Cheetham (wife of John Ryder Cheetham) & Thomas Alfred Baldwin, MD. £7496/3/8d.

Married: Thomas Glover Baldwin, 29, Bachelor, MR Goods Managers Dept, 25/11/1905^FMPi, Little Eaton, father Edward Field Baldwin, Professor of Music, Hilda Maude Brown, witnesses Alfred Brown & Edward Field Baldwin, dau of Alfred’s occupation Iron founder.
Same Entry at Killamarsh, with more on Hilda: age 24, father Alfred
1939 Reg: 221 Warwick Ave, Derby. Thomas G. Baldwin, DoB 21/3/1876, Railway Official, Rtd, Hilda M Baldwin, DoB 9/8/1881.
1911 Census, Grange Villa, 52 Douglas St, Derby, all b there except Audrey:
Thomas Glover Baldwin (Hd, 35, M, Railway Clerk), Hilda Maud (29, M 5 years 3/3/0), Audrey Glover (4, Abbey Wood, Kent), Thomas Alfred (2), Hilda Maud (1 mth).

Hilda Maud Brown,

BALD 03/02
born 9/8/1881^FMPt, ch 15/5/1899, Brookside, Victoria St Independent,
of Alfred & Caroline, reg Q3 1881, Derby, mother Wagg.

Probate: Hilda Maud Brown, of 60 Pastures hill, Littleover died 12/3/1971, £9900.

Frederick Povey Harper

BALD 03/03
FPH born reg Q4 1877, Derby, mother Craig. Ch 31/10/1877, of John Povey.
Died FPH Q4 1954, age 77 reg Hinckley.
1899, issued with 1^st class mining engineer certificate at Durham
1911 Census, Hilltop, Chilvers Cotton???, Nuneaton
F(rederick) Povey Harper 33, Mining Engineer, Colliery Manager, employer, Derby), Winifred K (34, M 7/2/2, Leicester), Valerie (dau, 3, Nuneaton) Winifred Mary (1, Nuneaton).
His mining career can be followed on a website (http://www.healeyhero.co.uk/rescue/contents.htm)
Frederick was a director of Measham Collieries Ltd from 1933 until nationalisation in 1947; it was a big colliery, producing 250,000 tons in 1940, employing 800 people.
In 1947, he was also a director of the Hamstead Colliery in the S staffs Field.
1937: general manager and director of the Griff Colliery, where he remained, and was chairman & Managing Director by 1947 nationalisation.
1939 Reg, Higham Hall, Market Bosworth, Leics:
Frederick PH (2/10/1877, Mar, Mining Engineer, Eugenia (18/4/1899, mar, none)
Married, 2^nd : FPH & Eugenia M Warren, Q2 1939, reg Hinckley
Died Eugenia Magdalen F PH reg Q1 1973, Bury St Edmunds, DoB 8/4/1899.
Harper & Kate, Derby.

Married. 1^st: 23/4/1903, Leicester St Peter, Frederick Povey-Harper, 25, res Hemsworth, Yorks, father John, Winifred Mary Fowler, 26 of Mecklinburg St (Leicester?) father John Bennett Fowler.

Winifred Mary Fowler

BALD 03/04
Born abt 1877, Leicester, ch 27/8/1877^FMPi
Parents: John Bennett Fowler & Harriet of Prebend St, Solicitor
Died: Winifred Mary PH, abt 10/1933, bur Astley. Reg Meriden, Q4 1933 age 56.
Died of Astley Castle, wife of Mr F Povey-Harper, director & general manager of the Griff Colliery, after a long illness – 8/10/1833[36]
Issue:
1/1. Harriet Valerie PH b Q1 1908, Reg Nuneaton
1/2. Winifred Mary PH b Q3 1909, reg Nuneaton.
1/3. Dorothy Jean PH, b Q4 1918, reg Nuneaton

Baldwin Generation 4

Edward Field Baldwin

BALD 04/01
Born: Edward Field Baldwin, Q1 1851 reg Bristol, mother Moore
Ch: 9/9/1855, Bristol St Mathias, of Thomas & Maria, of Broadmead, Grocer.

Parents: Thomas & Maria (Moore) Baldwin (ref census).
Died: Edward F Baldwin, reg Q1 1919, Derby age 68. bur 22/2/1919, Clerk,
Died 18/1/1919 at the Nightingale Home, husband of Charlotte Ann Rawlins Baldwin, of 102 Osmaston Rd, Derby aged 68..
1876: A Clerk of 24 ?? st, Derby, (TGB’s baptism in Bristol)
1881 Census, Lichurch, Derby:
Edward F Baldwin (30, Railway Clerk, Bristol), Charlotte A. (28, Bristol), Thos G (5, scholar, Derby), Edward F (1, infant, Derby)
1885 (Mary’s baptism), Clerk of 6 Osmaston Rd, Derby, Clerk.
1891 Census, 10 Leopold St, Derby.
Edward F Baldwin (40, Railway Clerk, Bristol), Charlotte (38, Bristol), Thomas G (15, scholar, Derby), Edward F (11, scholar, Derby), Mary C (6, scholar, Derby), Thomas Glover (visitor, wid 71, own means, Lower Stowey, Somerset), Marion E Glover (cousin, 28, Bristol).
1901 Census, Alfreton Rd, Derby:
Edward Baldwin (50, Professor of Music, Bristol), Charlotte (48, Bristol), Thomas (25, Railway Clerk, Derby), Edward (21, Railway Clerk, Derby), Mary (16, Derby).
Married: Edward Field Baldwin & Charlotte Ann Glover reg Q3 1875, Clifton, Glos. Montpelier, St Andrew, Bristol, age 24, 5/7/1875 Charlotte Ann Rawlins Glover, age 22, his father Thomas, hers Thomas Rawlins Glover

Charlotte Ann Rawlins Glover

BALD 04/02
ch Bristol St George Brandon Hill, 26/12/1852, mother Caswell. Of Thomas & Mary Ann.
Died: Q1 1919, Reg Derby age 66.
1/1. Thomas Glover Baldwin B 1876
1/2. Edward Field Baldwin, ch 27/12/1880, Bristol, Montpelier St Andrew.

Died Q2 1969, reg Belper, Derby, gives DoB 21/3/1880
Married Alice Smith, Belper, she OTP, he of St Chad Derby, banns 8/1919^ACi.
Daughter of Mr & Mrs T Smoth, Brook Cottage (Belper?)[37]

1/3. Mary Elizabeth Baldwin, Ch Montpelier, 26/12/1884^ACi, B 17/11/1884.

Alfred Brown

BALD 04/03
Born abt 1845, Sutton (Coldfield), Warwickshire.
Ch Curdworth, Warwickshire, 28/3/1845 of Charles & Mary of Minworth Forge, Wire drawer. – looks correct from trade.

Married Q2 1868^FMPi Caroline Wagg, Reg Derby, Victoria St Congregational Church.
Probate: Alfred Brown of 101, Whitaker Rd, Derby, iron founder died 23/12/1916, to Caroline Wilson (wife of John Wilson) & Lillian Adelaide Smith (wife of Frederick), £8909/14/6d – 71 at death.
1871 Census, Derby: as for 1881, emp 4 men, 3 apprentices.
1881 Census, 14 Boyer St, Derby:
Alfred Brown (36, Iron Founder, Sutton, Warks), Caroline (36, Derby), Caroline (12, scholar, Derby)
1901 Census, Alumhurst Rd, Bournemouth:
Alfred Brown (56, iron founder, Birmingham), Caroline (54, Derby), Hilda M (19, Derby), John Wilson (s-in-L, 39, Engine Fitter, Derby), Caroline Wilson (dau, 32), Vera F (g/dau, 2 mo, Plumstead, Kent), Fanny R Brown (niece, 34, Derby)

Caroline Wagg

BALD 04/04
born: Q1 1847, reg Derby. NFI
Parents: John & Hannah (re census).
Died: prob Q2 1920, Derby, age 73.
Issue of Alfred & Caroline Brown:
1/1. Lillian Adelaide Brown, b abt Q3 1876, reg Derby, mother Wagg.

Married, 12/6/1902, Christ Church, Derby, Frederick Smith, 23, bachelor, Builder of The Lindens, 302 Burton Rd, Derby, father Alfred Smith, builder Lilian Adelaide Smith, 25, spinster, of The Poplars, Little Eaton, Derby, father Alfred Brown, Iron founder.

1/2. Hilda Maud Brown, b 1881 M. Thomas Glover Baldwin
1/3. Caroline Brown, b Q1 1869, Reg Derby, mother Wagg.

M John Wilson, Q3 1895, Reg Belper, 10/7/1895^ACi, Quarndon, John Wilson, 35, Bachelor, Engineer, of Christ Church, Derby, father William Wilson, elastic manufacturer, Caroline Brown, 26 Spinster of Quarndon, father Alfred Brown, Iron founder.
1939 Reg, Park Drive Shardlow
John Wilson, b 4/12/1860, Foreman Motor & Aero Engineer
Caroline Wilson, b 22/2/1869^FMPi.
2/1. Vera F Wilson

John Povey Harper

BALD 04/05

John Povey Harper was a mining engineer, and there are references to his published works on mine layout and housing.

JPH ch 10/9/1845, Whitchurch, of
Parents: George & Martha Elizabeth of Mossfields, Gent.
JPH Died 1/12/1921, Derby GWR reg quotes of 72 Wilem St, Derby, Mining Engineer, widow Kate Mary Janet PH & FPH & Kenneth PH & Bequest to Harriet Frances Harper.
1890: Agent at Nailstone Colliery, Nuneaton.
1881 Census, Haylefield, Horsley, Derbyshire:
John P Harper (35, Mining & Civil Engineer, Salop Whitchurch), Kate PH (30, E India Howrah (Bengal), FPH (3).
JPH married reg Kensington Q4 1876
PR: St Barnabas, Kensington, 18/8/1876^FMPi, John Povey Harper, 21, bachelor, Mining Engineer, 8 Kedleston Rd, Derby, father George Harper, solicitor & Kate Mary Janet Craig, 25, spinster, 129 Holland Rd, father Alexander Craig, Engineer.:

Kate Mary Janet Craig,.

BALD 04/06
Born 22/12/1851, ch 25/2/1851, Howrah, Bengal of
Alexander & Charlotte Mary Matilda Craig, Iron founder.
Not found on census before marriage, her father died in India 18/11/1851, so she and her mother may have been anywhere: mother very likely remarried
1/1. Frederick Povey-Harper, b 2/10/1877.
1/2. Kenneth Povey Harper, b Q 2 1885, reg Derby, D Q 1966 Nuneaton, 81.
1/3. Clifford Povey Haeper, b 7/3/1886, D reg 2/1969, Stratford.

Alexander Craig

Possibly ch Daviot, Aberdeen, 1/2/1824 of John & Isobel Low.
Married, Calcutta, 25/2/1850^FMPi, Charlotte Mary Matilda Guest, he 28, bachelor, Founder of Howrah, son of John Craig, she 20, spinster of Calcutta, dau of Joseph Guest.
Alexander Guest Craig probate accounts Bengal, did 24/10/1867?
Died: Various India wills for Alexander Craig, 18/11/1851 Administration for the time being, iron founder. Later accounts and inventories refer to iron products.

Charlotte Mary Matilda Guest

born 10/9/1829^FMPi, ch 15/11/1829, Calcutta, dau of Joseph Alfred and Margaret Guest, Tailor of Calcutta.

John Bennett Fowler

BALD 04/07

An eminent solicitor in Leicester with many newspaper entries

Ch 25/8/1841, Leicester, of High St Leicester, father a Chemist
of Edward & Selina
Probate: John Bennett Fowler of the Woodlands, Evington, solicitor, formerly of the Woodlands Upper New Walk, Evington, died 6/1/1906 to Edward George Bennett Fowler, solicitor, Leicester & Sydney John F of Oakham, Rutland, sons. His will states that his daughters are provided for so all to wife Harriett for life then to the 2 sons.
1871 Census, 2. The Crescent, Leicester:
John B Fowler (29, attorney, Leicester), Harriet (29, Ipswich), Ellen S (4, Forrest Hill, Kent), Fanny (3, Leicester), Caroline M (2, Leicester), Harriett F (1, Leicester), Edward (2 mo, Leicester)
1881 Census, East St, Leicester:
John Bennett Fowler (39, Solicitor, Leicester), Harriett (39, Ipswich), Ethel Selina (14, Forrest Hill), Fanny Gertrude (13, Leicester), Caroline Maud (12, Leicester), Harriet Florence (11, Leicester), Edward Bennet (10, Leicester), Edith Marion (9, Leicester), Sydney John (8, Leicester), Winfred Mary (4, Leicester).

Marriage Licence: John Bennet Fowler of 5 Bank buildings in the City of London, Bachelor, Gent, 24+ and Harriett Miall, of St Martin in Leicester, spinster, 24+. On Marriage lines, he was a solicitor of London, father Edward, a Surgeon, she as of Southgate St, father William Miall, merchant, 19/8/1865.

Harriet Miall

BALD 04/08

Harriett & William Miall not found in Ipswich – the spelling varies a lot on census’s.

Born: abt 1842, Ipswich
Died Harriett Fowler Q1 1905 age 67, reg Leicester, maybe her.
A Harriett Mihill ch Deptford 23/2/1842 of William & Mary
1851 Census, 1 King St Leicester:
Sarah Miale, (Hd, 40, Governess, Portsmouth), Mary Hannah (sister, 39, Teacher, Portsmouth) Hannah (sister, 31, Teacher, Kent Rd London), Julia (sister, 25 Teacher, Middx) Sarah Billingsley (mother 65, Essex Billericay)
1861 Census, 2 King St, Leicester (boarding school):
Sarah Miall (Hd, 50, Governess, Portsmouth), Harriett (sister, 42, governess, Surrey, New Kent Rd), Harriett (niece, 19, teacher, Ipswich), Fanny (niece, 18, Ipswich).

Issue of John Bennett & Harriet Fowler, ch Leicester:
1/1. Ethel Selina Fowler, b abt 1867, Forrest Hill.

M Payne Bird, a solicitor. She died 1937, Leicester[38]

1/1. Fanny Gertrude Fowler 5/4/1868^FMPi, of The Crescent
1/2. Caroline Maud Fowler, 18/4/1869 of The Crescent
1/3. Harriet Florence Fowler, 19/6/1870 of the Crescent, died unm 27/10/1948
1/4. Edward George Bennett Fowler, 13/7/1871 of The Crescent

Married 5/1/1896, Burton, Florence Mary Perks, dau of Charles Perks of Burton. Edward was the Leicester Coroner in 1937.

1/5. Edith Marion Fowler, ch 18/12/1872, Prebend St
1/6. Sydney John Fowler, 23/11/1873, of Prebend St

Married, 8/8/1898, Streatham, Eleanor Ann Brocklebank, ygst dau of the late John Brocklebank of Bassingham, Lincs

1/7. Winifred Mary Fowler 27/8/1877, of Prebend St

Baldwin Generation 5

Thomas Baldwin

BALD 05/01
Born: Dursley, 1819,
Probably ch Rodborough, 7/11/1819, to John & Mary (Rodborough on S side of Stroud).
The only one found was to Thomas & Betty, at Newent, 17/5/1818, Wesleyan – unlikely – he was still in the Forest of Dean in 1841.
Died: Q2 1891, reg Barton Regis (Bristol, age 73)
1841 Census, Dursley: Elizabeth Baldwin (65,Y), perhaps the mother??

1841 Census, Parsonage St, Dursley, all b Glos.:
Elizabeth Moore (60, Grocer), Maria Moore (25), Thomas Baldwin (20, Assistant)
1855: sons baptism, a grocer of Broadmead.
1861 Census, 39 Broadmead, Bristol:
Thomas Baldwin (42, Grocer & Chandler emp 1 boy, Dursley), Maria (47, Dursley), Thomas (15, Dursley), Edward (10, Scholar, Bristol) Francis (7, scholar, Bristol), Maria (2, Bristol), Frances Howard (niece, 26, servant, Dursley).
1871 Census, 7 Seymour Place, Bristol:
Thomas Baldwin (52, Suptdt at Soap & Candle Factory, Dursley), Maria (57, Dursley), Edward F (20, Clerk, Railway, Bristol), Francis (17, Engineer’s Assistant, Bristol), Maria (12, Scholar, Bristol).
1881 Census, 8, Wilson St, Bristol:
Thomas Baldwin (Hd, 62, Commercial Traveller, Dursley), Maria (67), Maria E (22, Professor of Music, Bristol).
Married: TB, Maria Moore, reg Q3 1846, Dursley. At Dursley, 20/7/1846, Thomas B full age of Dursley, Grocer, father Thomas Baldwin dcd, she full age, of Dursley, father Thomas Moore dcd.
1891, Stapleton asylum, Bristol:
Thomas Baldwin (72, Tallow Chandler, Dursley)

Maria Moore

BALD 05/02
ch 25/4/1814^ACi, Dursley of Thomas & Elizabeth, a Chandler.
Thomas & Elizabeth Moore’s marriage, none obvious found.
Died: Q1 1886, reg Bristol age 72

1851 Census, Parsonage House, Dursley:
Elizabeth Moore (wid, 73, Grocer & Chandler, Gloucester), Henry (son, Wid, 39, Dursley).
Elizabeth Moore prob died Q4 1856, reg Dursley

Issue of Thomas & Maria Baldwin:
1/1. Thomas Baldwin, b abt 1846
1/2. Edward Baldwin, b abt 1851
1/3. Francis Henry, Baldwin, b abt 1854, ch Bristol 9/9/1855.
1/4. Maria Elizabeth Baldwin, Reg Q2 1858, Bristol, ch 11/7/1858, St Mat.

Died? Q4 1936, Bristol, age 78.

Marriage: Codnor, 10/11/1900, Tom Caulton 22, bachelor, miner, of Ripley, father Charles, miner & Mary Elizabeth Baldwin, 22, spinster of Waingrove, father Thomas Stephen Baldwin, miner.

Thomas Rawlins Glover

BALD 05/03
B abt 1820, Lower Stowey, Somerset (10 km W of Bridgwater).
Thomas Rawlins Glover death reg Derby, Q1 1892 age 72
1851 (Thomas Bap), Grocer of Lime Kiln Lane, Bristol.
1861 Census, Regent St Bristol:
Thomas Glover (41, Grocer, Wellington, Somerset), Mary (42, Upper Stowey, Somerset), Charlotte A (8, scholar, Bristol), Charlotte Glover (sister, 16, Stowey)

1881 Census, 4 Alfred House, Russell Place, Bristol:
Thomas Glover (Professor of music, Nether Stowey, Mary Ann (62, Over Stowey), Elizabeth E (niece, 18, music teacher, Bristol)

Marriage: Thomas Rawlins Glover & Mary Ann Caswell, Q2 1846, reg Bristol.
Thomas Rawlins Glover, 2/4/1846^FMPi, Bristol St Paul Portland Sq, he a Currier of Dale St, his father William Glover, Gardener, Mary Ann Caswell, spinster of Dale St, hers George Caswell, Mat maker
Neither Thomas or William Glover nor George Caswell found looking likely.
Issue:
1/1. Thomas Rawlings Glover, ch 15/6/1851, Brandon Hill, St George, Bristol

Died probably reg Q1 1858, Bridgwater

1/2. Charlotte Ann Glover, b 1852, married Edward Baldwin

Charles Brown

BALD 05/05
Ch Curdworth, 4/6/1820^ACi, of William & Elizabeth, labourer of Minworth – best fit for William
Line ends at William – too many.
Mary Luckock not found – A John Luckock reg died Q4 1844, Solihull.
Married, 11/11/1839^ACi, Aston, Warks: Charles Brown, minor, bachelor, wire drawer, of Erdingon, father William, labourer Mary Luckock, minor, spinster, servant of Aston rd Juddeston?, father John, a gardener.

1851 Census, Blands? Bank Forge, Curdworth, hamlet of Minworth, all b there:
Charles Brown (30, Wire Drawer), Mary (31, Aston, Warks), William (10, Scholar), Emily (8, scholar), Alfred (6, Scholar), Sarah (4, scholar), Ann E (1). Forge Lane still exists in a warehouse estate.

Next entry is James Riley (60, Brother to Wire Drawer) Mary (59, Halesowen), Charles (27, Roller & W/D), Allan (19, W/D)
Previous Entry: Richard Riley (63, Wire Drawer & Parish Constable (Sutton C), Sarah (59, Sutton C), John (20, W/D, Curdworth), Sarah (17, Curdworth)
Issue of Charles & Mary Brown:
1/1. William Brown b abt 1841
1/2. Emily Brown b abt 1843
1/3. Alfred Brown b abt 1845
1/4. Sarah Brown b abt 1847
1/5. Ann E Brown, b 1850.

John Wagg

BALD 05/07
ch South Normanton, Derby, 5/3/1809^FMPt of James & Ann Wagg.
1851 Census, Babington Lane, Derby:
John Wagg (40, Painters Labourer, Normanton), Hannah (39, Book Binder, Littleover, Derby), Sarah (16, Laundress, Littleover), George (11, Silk Spinner, Littleover, Derbyshire), Herbert (7, scholar, Derby) Caroline (4, scholar, Derby).

Married: Mickleover, Derby, John Wagg of the Chapelry? Littleover in this parish to Hannah Bond of the Chapelry of Littleover, by banns, 22/10/1832^ACi. Witnesses George & Henry Bond.

Hannah Bond

BALD 05/08
ch 16/9/1810^ACi, Littleover of John & Mary (Page) Bond.
Issue of John & Hannah Wagg:
1/1. Sarah Ann Wagg, b abt 1834, ch 14/9/1834, Littleover
1/2. Herbert Wagg, b abt 1844
1/3. Caroline Wagg, b abt 1847, M Alfred Brown

George Harper

BALD 05/09
Ch 18/9/1792^FMPi, Whitchurch, Salop
Parents: Thomas & Ann Harper.
Bur: 29/9/1851^FMPi age 57 of Mossfields, Whitchurch
Probate index: George Harper of Mossfield, Whitchurch, exec Richard Jones, Will (PCC), dated 4/2/1846, codicil 2/9/1851 & 5/9/1851, probate 31/8/1852, long and complicated, but wife guardian, friend & partner Richard Parry Jones exec. All in trust for children. A long Codicil refers to the legacies of property left by his wife’s father on her sister Sarah, married to Edward Oswell – he acted as attorney for the property the solicitors. Refers to Derwen estate (near Oswestry?). There had been some underhand dealings over the Povey Estate wherby the majority ended up with the Oswells. His wife’s sister Sarah Harriet Povey married Edward Oswell.
1851 Census, Mossfields, Doddington, Children B. Whitchurch:
George Harper (55, Banker & Solicitor, Millington) Martha E (36, Overton), George P (6, scholar at home), John P (5, scholar at home), William (4, scholar at home), Harriet F (2)

Married: 10/8/1843, Selattyn, Salop, Martha Elizabeth Povey, age 48 son of William Harper, she was 30, dau of John Povey. (re newspaper John of The Derwen, & Harper of Whitchurch)

Martha Elizabeth Povey

BALD 05/10
B abt 1813, Oswestry – no baptism found
Parents: John Povey
Died: Hinton Waldrist, bur 2/7/1900^FMPt age 86
1861 Census, Springet, Edgbaston, Warks, children all b Whitchurch:
Martha Harper, (Hd, wid, 48, fund-holder, Oswestry), George (16, scholar), John (15, Scholar), William 14, scholar), Harriet (12, Scholar) Frederick (9, Scholar).
1871 Census, Shanklin, IoW: Martha Harper age 57, with 1 servant.
1891 Census, Hinton Rectory, Hinton Waldrist, Berks:
Martha E Harper (Hd, Wid 77, own means, Selattyn), Frederick (son, 39, Rector of HW, Selattyn), Harriet (dau, 42, Whitchurch).
Issue:
1/1. George Povey Harper B abt 1844
1/2. John Povey Harper, ch 10/9/1845
1/3. William Harper, b abt 1847
1/4. Harriet Harper, b abt 1849, Whitchurch
1/5. Frederick Harper, b abt 1852, Selattyn

Edward Fowler

BALD 05/13
B abt 1790, Leicestershire, possibly ch 28/1/1790 of Edward & Mary Fowler, a baker of Loughborough.
Died 12/1/1849, surgeon, probate to Selina
1841, Census, High St Leicester:
Edward Fowler (50, Surgeon, Y), Selina (33, Y),
1851 Census, Southgate St, Leicester:
Selina Fowler (Hd, Wid, 43, annuitant, Thurnby), Catherine Mary (D-in-L (step), 29, Leicester), John Bennet (9, Leicester).

1836[39]
Only Genuine and Original

LEAMINGTON SALTS,

Made from the waters of the Original Spa, formerly WILLIAM SMITH’S. The Public are respectfully informed that the GENUINE LEAMINGTON SALTS, obtained In evaporating the water of the above spa to dryness, and formerly sold under the name “WILLIAM SMITH’S LEOMINGTON SALTS”, are now prepared by BEASLEY and JONES Leamington, who have agreed with Mr SMITHS.successor for the sole right of procuring the salts from this celebrated spring. Purchasers are requested to observe that the label bears the name, of Beasley and Jones, as all others are spurious.

Sold by Mr. Edward Fowler, surgeon, High-Street Leicester; and by most respectable Druggists throughout the Kingdom.

1849[40], advert for “dinner pills” digestive pills – probably him:
GENTRY OF LEICESTERSHIRE.

THE deserved popularity of the DIGESTIVE DINNER PILLS prescribed by the late Mr Fowler, of Melton Mowbray, and so long recommended by him to his extensive practice, and also by his brother the late Mr. Edward Fowler of Leicester, has induced Mr. C. Merryweather (Partner of the late Mr. E. Fowler) to extend their sale, by appointing Agents In the neighbouring towns, where the true Fowler's Fills may be procured.

These Pills have been so long in use, and with such good effect as need no commendation. They have been employed by Individuals and families of distinction, both throughout Leicestershire and various parts of the kingdom; and they continue to maintain their Well- deserved character for “giving tone to the stomach, assisting digestion, and preventing costiveness.” The Proprietor, however, may be allowed to say that persons disposed to gout, fullness of habit, or to a sluggish state of the bowels, will do well to prevent the bad consequences resulting from costiveness, by the use of these Pills; and that individuals of impaired digestion will find in them un invaluable assistant, as they tend to strengthen the digestive organs, and so render the use of medicine less necessary.

Amongst testimonials received from parties of high respectability, the following from the Rev. N. Morgan is selected and published by his kind permission: —----

Marriage: Edward Fowler of St Martin, Leicester, widower, 16/10/1832, Thurnby, Selina Bennett, spinster of Thurnby

Probate: Selina of Heathfield, Knighton, Leicester, widow, died 26/7/1890, to JBF son & only next of kin. £788/2/2d. Age 83

By his first wife Catherine Bonner:
Catherine Mary Fowler, ch Leicester, 22/6/1821
of Edward & Catherine Bonner Fowler, surgeon of High St.
Sole Issue of Edward & Selina:
1/1. John Bennett Fowler, ch 1841

Baldwin Generation 6

James Wagg

BALD 06/13
Ch 9/10/1781^ACi, Repton of Francis & Elizabeth Wag (Hannah same day)
Buried, 9/3/1853^ACi, Normanton, age 75 of Normanton
1851 Census, Normanton:
James Wagg (75, Labourer, Repton, Derby), Ann (73, Mickleover), Francis (son, 44, Farm Labourer, Normanton).
Married Anne Hunt, 4/1/1805 Derby St Peter, both of Normanton.
Anne Hunt maybe 5/1/1777, Swarkstone (S Derby), of John & Ann Hunt.
Issue of James & Ann, Normanton, most as labourer of Normantom:
1/1. Francis Wagg, ch 18/10/1805.
1/2. Ann Wagg, 13/6/1807, Derby
1/3. John Wagg 5/3/1809
1/4. James Wagg 3/3/1811
1/5. William 21/2/1813
1/6. Sarah Wagg, ch 15/3/1815,

1/7. Elizabeth 14/7/1816
1/8. Alice Wagg, 30/8/1817
1/9. Rhoda Wagg, ch 15/8/1819 (Rhoda Ann Wagg bur Littleover, 12/9/1857)
1/10. Joseph Wagg, 29/4/1821

John Bond

BALD 06/15
2 possibilities: ch Derby 14/9/1768 of Charles & Sarah. Or Eggington (NE of Burton), 23/11/1775, of Richard & Frances, the latter is more likely as 1^st daughter called Fanny.
John Bond bur Littleover, of L., 12/2/1842^ACi age 70.
1841 Census, Littleover:
John Bond (60, Ag Lab), Mary (65?), Mary jnr (25), Ann (20)
1851 Census, Littleover:
Mary Bond (wid, 78, pauper, Littleover), Mary (dau 38, lace runner, Littleover), Mary Tooth (g/dau, 29, dressmaker, Staffs Hamsted Rodway), Thomas Tooth (g/s, 10, scholar, Staffs Newton Hurst) Mary A Brown (g/d (4, Findern, Derby.
Thomas Tooth ch Blithfield, of Newton Hurst of Mathias & Frances, 27/12/1841^FMPi.

Married: Mickleover, 22/11/1796^ACi, John Bond, of Littleover Chapelry, husbandman & Mary Page OTP, by banns, both signed

Mary Page

BALD 06/16
ch 10/2/1774^ACi, Littleover/Mickleover of William & Mary.
Mary Bond bur 25/10/1858^ACi Littleover of L. age 87.

Issue of John & Mary Bond, Littleover (FPMt):
1/1. Fanny Bond, ch 19/10/1797.

Married: Mathias Tooth of Blithfield, she of Littleover, 23/1/1821 by licence at Mickleover.

1/2. George Bond, ch 10/11/1805.
1/3. Mary Bond, ch 21/2/1808
1/4. Hannah Bond, ch 16/9/1810.
1/5. Sarah Bond, ch 27/3/1814.

Thomas Harper

BALD 06/17
Married by licence, Thomas Harper bachelor of Whitchurch, flax dresser age 21+ to Ann Chetwood also of Whitchurch, spinster, 1/5/1792 – the only Thomas & Ann in Shropshire of the right period – son George appeared soon after.

1/1. George Harper ch 18/9/1792, Whitchurch
1/2. Frances Harper ch 30/8/1795^FMPi, Wem, flax dresser
1/3. Thomas Harper 16/9/1798^FMPi Whitchurch.

John Povey

BALD 06/19
Born abt 1789, Selattyn, ch 24/5/1788^ACt of John & Elizabeth.
John Povey Bur Great Ness, 13/4/1865, aged 76, of The Derwen, died 8^th.
His wife Harriet died 7/4/1847 Derwen[41]
Married: Chirk, 5/1/1813^FMPi Harriet Dicken, spinster OTP by licence with the consent of her parents (ie under 21), John Povey of Sellatyn
a settlement on lands at Wilcot, Great Ness Parish[42].
No suitable Mary Dicken can be found, but an entry of the Monthly Magazine for her marriage has her of Cefn-y-wern and John Povey of Derwen–y-Pandy.
The same entry has a marriage of T.E. Ward of Chirk to Miss Dicken of Cefn-y-wern.
A note in the Longueville papers, box 15 indicates that Mary Dicken’s brother was John Dicken of Moreton Hall, Weston Rhyn (now a girl’s boarding school).
Listing, Ward Monument in churchyard of the Church of St Mary A Grade II Listed Building in Chirk, Wrexham:
Erected sometime after 1854. T E Ward was an industrialist, lessee and developer of Black Park Colliery from 1805, owner of the Plas Kinaston brickworks, who laid a tramway to the canal at Rhos-y-waen. Later he established wharves for coal and limestone on the Montgomery Canal at Newtown and Welshpool. John Dicken of Cefn-y-wern, his son-in-law, continued his businesses, including Pen-y-bont brickworks..

Selattyn, north of Oswestry, had an estate there called Derwen.

1841 Census, Derwen, Selattyn, Salop, all b Salop:
John Povey (50, Gent), Harriet (50), Martha (25), Sarah (20)
1851 Census, Derwen, Selattyn, all b there ex Oswell:
John Povey (Hd wid, 62, Landed Proprietor), Sarah Harriet Oswell (dau, mar, 31 Solicitors wife), Edward Oswell (S-in-L, 36, solicitor, Westbury, Salop), Povey Oswell (G/son, 4), Harriet Dorothy Oswell (g/dau, 3), Edward Francis Oswell g/son, 2), Eliza Oswell (g/dau, 3 mo)
1861 Census, Derwen, all b Selattyn ex Edward:
John Povey (Hd, wid, 72, Landed Proprietor), + 2 servants, Edward Oswell (Hd, 46, Solicitor), Sarah Harriet (41), Harriet Dorothy (13, scholar), Eliza Augusta (10, scholar), Sarah Helen (7), Fanny Anna (5), Thomas Lloyd (2)
1871 the Oswells in Oswestry.
Issue of John & Harriet Povey
1/1. Martha Elizabeth Povey b abt 1813-15
1/2. Harriot Povey, ch 24/5/1816
1/3. Sarah Harriet Povey, ch 13/12/1819, Selattyn

Married[43] Edward Oswell 9/12/1845 at Sellatyn, he of Lincoln’s Inn Fields, she of Derwen.
2/1. Povey Oswell b 27/8/1846 at Derwen, ch Selattyn 28/8/1846.

Died Q2 1905, age 58, reg Oswestry.
Married Q3 1875, reg Aberystwyth, Fanny Jones.
1881 Census, Battlefield Cottage, Oswestry:
Povey Oswell, (34, farmer of 12 acres, Selattyn), Fanny (29, Oswestry) Mary Lucy (3, Oswestry), Frances Elizabeth (4 mths, Oswestry)

2/2. Harriet Dorothy Oswell b 9/11/1847, selattyn

Married Rev AT Bellhouse, of Southport, Lancs, abt 2/1870

2/3. Edward Francis Oswell, b abt 1849, ch 12/2/1849, Selattyn

3/1. Edward Francis Oswell, ch Malpas 14/3/1888^FMPt, of EFO & Eliza Jane.

2/4. Eliza Augusta Oswell, b 20/12/1850 Derwen, ch 3/5/1851 Selattyn

Married, Clevedon 2/4/1883, a spinster age 33, Arthur Williams, age 46, widowed, a banker of Rugby, son of Philip Williams, a banker.

2/5. Sarah Helen Oswell, b abt 18/3/1854, Derwen, ch 18/4/1854, Hengoed.
2/6. Fanny Ann Oswell, b 16/1/1856, ch same day, Hengoed.

Married William Hardy, reg Q4 1881, Oswestry

2/7 Thomas Lloyd Oswell b 1/6/1858, ch 1/7/1858, Hengoed

Baldwin Generation 7

Francis Wag

BALD 07/25
Ch Barrow 23/10/1753^ACi of William & Grace
Buried: 31/10/1802^ACi at Normanton, Derby St Pete PR
Married: of Parish of Barrow, married Elizabeth Greaves, Repton, 20/12/1772^ACi by banns. Their marks. (Barrow about 5 km east of Repton).
Elizabeth Greaves prob ch Repton, 3/8/1746^ACi of Thomas & Hannah. Of Repton.
AN Elizabeth Wagg bur Normanton, 7/11/1840 aged 102.
Issue ch Derby St Peter:
1/1. James Wagg, ch 9/10/1781, Repton.
1/1. Thomas Wagg ch 26/1/1786 of Normanton
1/1. Sarah Wagg, ch 8/2/1784, Derby, of Normanton.
1/1. Ann Wagg ch 14/8/1788, Derby St Peter, of Normanton
1/1. Elizabeth Wag ch 26/9/1790 Derby of Normanton

William Page:

BALD 07/31
Ch 6/3/1748 of Robert & Mary Page, Smisby (SE of Burton), correct date, nothing more found.
Buried 9/9/1834 age 86 at Littleover
Married Mary Smith, Littleover, 8/11/1773, banns at Mickleover, William Page, husbandman.
Issue, ch Littleover:
1/1. Mary Page, ch 10/2/1774^FMPt
1/2. William Page, ch 10/11/1776, Mickleover, of Littleover.
1/3. Elizabeth Page, ch 6/1/1782
1/4. William Page, ch 21/3/1784
1/5. Samuel Page, ch 12/8/1791

John Povey

BALD 07/37
John Povey ch 17/7/1757^FMPi, Great Ness of John & Sarah Povey,
There was mention in the press of a John Povey, gentleman farmer of Great Ness in 1774. Probably his father – John P was buried at Great Ness.
Probate index, 1815: John Povey to Eliza Povey of Derwen-y-Pander, Salop

Married: John Povey of Great Ness & Elizabeth Maddox of Selattyn, 4/8/1785^FMPi,
Selattyn.
Elizabeth Maddox ch 13/4/1759, of Moses & Elizabeth of Bretton, Hawarden
Elizabeth Maddox ch 21/9/1755, Malpas of George & Margaret Maddox of Overton.
Moses Maddox, will probate of Betton, Flint 11/1/1742-3 to Alice Peters wife etc

Issue – these are the only ones found, and look to be additions to the PR, probably recording baptisms done at the house:
1/1. Elizabeth Povey, ch 18/8/1786, Selattyn of Derwen
1/2. John Povey, Selattyn, ch 24/5/1788^FMPi of Derwen, Gent

Baldwin Generation 8

William Wag

BALD 08/49
Ch 11/5/1723^FMPt, Littleover, of William & Rebecca

Marriage Licence, 20/9/1748^FMPi:
William Wagg of Sinfin, Normanton (Derby), bachelor age 25, husbandman & John Lane, farmer of Normanton, to marry Grace White of Normanton, age 26. in St Peter, Derby.
Issue of William & Grace Wagg, Barrow on Trent:
1/1. Hannah Wag, ch 7/9/1749
1/2. William Wag, ch 14/10/1751
1/3. Francis Wagg, ch 23/10/1753
1/4. Thomas Wagg, ch 14/1/1758
Probate, William Wagg, 22/4/1729, Mickleover, Admon

John Povey

BALD 08/73
Born about 1714 from marriage age, possibly ch Shrewsbury St Alkmund, 7/9/1714^FMPi of William & Mary, note John’s eldest daughter was Mary.
William Povey M Mary Griffit(h), 1/10/1713^ACt, St Alkmund, Shrewsbury.
William may have come from Ellesmere.
Will: Dated 18/4/1774 & Codicil same date, probated London, 12/12/1782.
Mentions lands at Wilcott, Great Ness and English Franckton, Ellesmere and daughters Mary, married to Thomas Parry, & Elizabeth, Sarah & Martha, son John and wife Sarah.
He lists extensive property in the area.
Marriage: John Povey of Ness Strange both age 31 licence to Sarah Mansel 14/12/1745^FMPi at St Chads.

Sarah Mansel

BALD 08/74
probably ch St Chads, 14/9/1714 of Edward & Mary on Bicton Heath (just west of Shrewsbury).
Issue of John & Sarah Povey, Great Ness:

1/1. Mary Povey, ch 28/1/1746-7, married Thomas Parry, 19/5/1770, Gt Ness.
1/2. Sarah Povey, ch 16/11/1748^FMPi
1/3. Elizabeth Povey, ch 3/8/1750
1/4. John Povey ch 4/11/1751, bur 9/11, of John & Sarah.
1/5. Martha Povey, ch 19/10/1753
1/6. John Povey, ch 17/7/1757

Baldwin Generation 9

Edward Mansel

BALD 09/147
married Mary Gold, St Chads 20/4/1712^FMPi, both OTP.
Not continued from here.
Issue of Edward & Mary Mansel, St Chads:
1/1. Sara Mansel, ch 14/9/1714
1/2. John Mansel ch 2/2/1719, very poor copy, but also of Bicton.
1/3. Ellis Mansel 21/3/1720-1 of Bicton Heath

8. HAWORTH FAMILY of Gladys Waddell

The Haworths of Oswaldtwistle and The Grove Chemical Company

The Haworth name in Oswaldtwistle & Church was very common; unfortunately so too was the Christian name, John! So where to begin?

By the end of the 16th century Oswaldtwistle was an economic centre for wool, the English staple. Hand loom weavers were everywhere and they were serviced by an emerging class of merchant chapmen. Water powered fulling mills were established by the 18th century and then flax and eventually new fangled cotton became increasingly fashionable ... the Yorkshire wool trade was the established the leader in textiles, built on the ancient Hanseatic League trade from the east coast ports ... development on the Lancashire side of Pennines followed the Yorkshire lead until the advent of cotton.

In 1764 Messrs Haworth, Peel & Yates started fustian and calico printing as further value was added to the hand loom weavers output. Richard Hills described the importance of Peel & Haworth to the industrial revolution in Lancashire. New technology in centralised manufactories dramatically enhanced the 'Blackburn Greys' ... calico printing became the first stage of a localised industrial revolution ... a second stage followed as further impetus came after 1800 when James Hargreaves (1720-78) of Stanhill developed his Spinning Jenny ... change was underway ... wool was 'old hat' ...

Notably in 1764 Messrs Haworth, Peel & Yates were the first Lancashire calico printers but, perhaps, the best known and most permanently successful were the works established by James Greenway. It was about 1776 that James Greenway started calico printing at Livesey Fold, Darwen and thirty years later, in 1808, he built the larger print-works at Dob Meadows. His sons-in-law Charles Potter and William Maude continued the business as Potter, Maude and Co, until about 1830.

The Haworths of Walmsley Fold.

The initial inspiration for a host of calico printing works around Blackburn came from the expert siring of Edmund Haworth (1704-59), yeoman & Chapman in woven fabrics, and descended from the ancient Haworths of Haworth in Yorkshire. Edmund married Catherine Pickering (1713-). Their children were -

Elizabeth Haworth (-) who married Robert Peel (1723-95) in 1744. Robert was the grandfather of the great man Sir Robert Peel (1788-1850) ... Prime Minister!

In 1764 he joined his brother-in-law Jonathan Haworth and established the famous firm of Haworth, Peel, and Yates. The deed of partnership was dated 1770.

Edmund (1727-59) who married Mary (-) and had a son -

William Haworth (1751-81) who became a partner in the Mill Hill Cotton Works.

Giles (1730-59), who had no male issue.

Jonathan Haworth (1736-86) at some stage purchased the old seat of the Haworths at Highercroft in Lower Darwen and in 1762 he was elected a Governor of Blackburn Grammar School in 1762.

In 1764 he became the senior partner of Haworth, Peel, and Yates to which he brought most of the original technology & capital.

Jonathan established Mill Hill Works in about 1780 when he was a partner of Haworth, Peel, Yates & Co, Oswaldtwistle & Bury.

Jonathan married Mary Pilling (1740-1819) the eldest daughter of John Pilling of Sissclough in Newchurch-in-Rossendale in 1762. Their children were -

Edmund Haworth (1764-1855) of Mill Hill, Lancs & Sale Lodge, Chester, married, Elizabeth Peel in 1786. He died (aged 91 years) in 1855. Edmund and his son Edmund junior went into Jonathan's business in Bury. A partnership which involved William Hardman and was dissolved in 1828.Their children were -

Jonathan (-1825), who died unmarried in 1825.

Edmund Haworth (1797-) of Churchdale House, Co Derby, J P (the eldest surviving son), married, first, Eliza, daughter of Captain Wallace, and had an only son Edmund, who died young. He married, secondly, in 1868, Harriett Dorothea (widow of Rev John Chamock, and sister to Sir Comwallis Ricketts, Bart), but had no issue.

Robert (-).

Daughters were - Mary, wife of Dr Goodlad, of Manchester; Susannah, wife of Rev Frederick Peel, Rector of Wellingboum and Canon of Lincoln; Elizabeth; Charlotte and Alice, wife of Canon Sergeant.

John Haworth (1765-) married Dororthy Tarbotom (-) ... their children were -

John,

Jonathan,

Edmund,

Daughters were - Sarah, and Mary Dorothea;

Jonathan (1770-) Gentleman of the parish of Blackburn married another Peel, Susannah (-) daughter of Edmund Peel in Blackburn in 1792.

Also daughters Alice, wife of Lawrence Peel, Esq, of Ardwick; Ann, wife of Joseph Peel, Esq, of Bowes House, and mother of Sir Lawrence Peel, Chief Justice of Calcutta; Mary, wife of Edmund Yates, Esq, of Tring Park; Elizabeth, wife of John Nuttall, Esq, of Bury; Sarah, wife of Jonathan Patten, Esq, of London; Jane, Harriet, and Charlotte.

Also daughters Jane, Ann and Alice.

Jonathan Haworth was eventually a merchant based in Manchester. He died on Jan 30th 1786 and was buried at St. John's Church, Manchester.

Both Elizabeth and Jonathan became embroiled in matrimony and in business with the Peel family ... the Haworth, Peel, Blackburn connections were explained in a Haworth memo of 1838 revealed in 'Sir Robert Peel: his Private Papers' edited for his trustees by Charles Stuart Parker (with a chapter on his life and character by his grandson the Hon George Peel), 3 vols. John Murray, Albemarle Street, London, 1899.

The early business interests started in 1764 at Brookside, Oswaldtwistle ...

Brookside Print Works

About 1640 Robert Peel of Hole House was a successful merchant in woollen cloths in Blackburn and the 1st prosperous Peel. All the local cotton spinners, flax spinners, calico printers and merchants seemed to have started as 'chapmen' or dealers in cloth and particularly the local cotton and linen cloth called 'Blackburn Greys'. Peel's son Robert Peel (-1733) married Anne Wardle from Blackburn in 1681 and purchased the Peelfold (formerly Oldham's Cross) estate in Oswaldtwistle in 1731, just before he died. William Peel (-1757) inherited the estate and in 1713 married Jane Walmsley from Lower Darwen. Their son Robert Peel (1723-95) followed at Peelfold where he farmed and in 1744 he married Elizabeth Haworth (1723-96) elder daughter of Edmund Haworth (1704-59) of Darwen. Robert was a mechanical genius and established a business which raised the family to considerable affluence. Around 1750 the cotton trade in Blackburn produced 'calicos greys' which were dyed for ordinary purposes and often sent to London for bleaching and printing. This was the 'putting out system' with merchants like Robert Peel doing all the organising of distribution, collecting and selling.

Elizabeth had a brother Jonathan Haworth (1736-86), an enterprising character, who ventured to London to learn the trade and on his return became the 1st calico printer in Lancashire. A story goes that the secrets were learned from a Dutchman named Voortman, who settled in London to print cloth for the East India Company. An Excise officer who had to visit Voortman's premises to stamp the printed pieces observed how carved blocks of wood left an indelible mark if applied to cloth previously treated with the salts of iron. The secret was to fix colours by using iron acetate as a mordant with the help of hot calendaring. The Excise officer was later to stay at the Black Bull Inn, Blackburn, tenanted by Mr John Yates ... in 1764 at Brookside there was an important happening involving Jonathan Haworth, with his brother in law, Robert Peel, and with some capital assistance from John Yates's son William Yates (1740-1813) ... this trio established the famous firm Haworth, Peel & Yates; Jonathan was the senior partner in 2 shares, the others had 1 share each. This was hardly surprising as it was Jonathan's grasp of the technology which drove the innovations. This firm went from strength to strength and with the help of the Hargreaves spinning jenny they produced and improving quality of cloth and significantly they printed their own cloth. The firm flourished, and with 'Parsley Peel' (named thus after his most famous print design) supplying the business acumen, they became the father of the printing trade in Manchester. The first pieces were hawked about the countryside from a cart, but when the partners became established at Brookside, Oswaldtwistle, they sold their cloth from a warehouse in Manchester. However the partnership did not continue for long.

Tragically in 1768 the machinery in the firm at Brookside was destroyed by the mobs indignant at the progress of technology and the factory system.

Around 1770 the two elder partners seceded and stared up a similar business at 'The Ground', Bury; Robert Peel remained in sole possession at Brookside but his enterprising eldest son Robert Peel (1750-1830) joined the old men in Bury. Robert Peel and James Hargreaves started a greatly improved method of carding at the factory at Brookside and Peel also bought from Hargreaves several of his spinning frames to stock his factory.

After the initial attacks the mill was refitted, but a second attack convinced Robert that he could not continue his businesses in the Oswaldtwistle district. Around 1779 he abandoned Brookside and forced to move to Burton-upon-Trent. Robert died in 1795 and sometime before his death he retired and returned to Lancashire and the original business was dissolved ... but Oswaldtwistle had lost enterprise, capital and jobs ...

The Brookside site hosted other tenants over the ensuing years ... William Smith, the Baron family, James Bealey, John Redish, Cunliffe & Brooks, a bleach works, a restart for calico printing in 1818-62, an indigo refinery 1856, glue making on Nook Lane 1856, paper making 1872-3 ... and the return of a Haworth, John Haworth (1824-98), 'John of Vine House' ... see below ...

Calico printing started in a small way at Brookside, but other print facilities followed quickly elsewhere ... the Peels were at Bury in 1770, at Church Bank in 1772 and at Foxhill Bank in 1790 ... and the Haworths at Mill Hill in 1785?

Bury Ground Print Works.

On the Irwell, north of Bury Bridge the works at Bury were known as The Ground, just a few wooden sheds to start with as the firm commenced their cotton printing business in a very humble way in the year 1770, cotton spinning was added a few years later. By 1800 the firm was a major employer in the area. In 1840 Hardman & Price were the proprietors. The significance of the Bury development was emphasised by John Aikin in 1795 -

‘The town and neighbourhood of Bury have been highly benefited by the establishment of the very capital manufacturing and printing works belonging to the company of which that very respectable gentleman, Robert Peel, Esq, member of parliament for Tamworth, is the head. The principal of these works are situated on the side of the Irwell, from which they have large reservoirs of water. There is likewise a separate reservoir supplied by a spring of clear water, whish is used for the washing of goods when the river is muddied by floods. The articles here made and printed are chiefly the finest kinds of cotton manufacturing, and they are in high request both at Manchester and London. The printing is performed in the most improved methods, both by wooden blocks and copper rollers, and the execution and colours are some of the very best of the Lancashire fabrics. The premises occupy a large portion of ground and cottages have been built for the accommodation of the workmen, which form streets, and give the true appearance of a village. In short, the extensiveness of the whole concern is such as to find constant employ for most of the inhabitants of Bury and its neighbourhood, of both sexes and all ages, and notwithstanding their great number, they have never wanted work in the most unfavourable times. The canal from Bury to Manchester, which will come within the breadth of the Irwell from Mr Peel's works, will greatly facilitate the conveyance of goods and raw materials'.

Clearly Oswaldtwistle's loss was Bury's gain, and more ... the progress of innovative technology for mass markets can't be stopped by those few who resist change and get themselves locked into a nonexistent idyllic past ...

Church Bank Print Works.

Haworth, Peel & Yates had begun at Brookside in 1764, but in 1772 they moved to Church Bank where a print works was erected on the site of an old fulling mill. As Peel, Yates & Co the firm flourished especially after the removal of duty on printed cloth. Henry Bury, and Peel's sons William & Jonathan joined as partners and they became the first to introduce machine printing in 1785 and in 1801 the first to use steam power in the area. In 1824 an important dye works was established at Church Bridge by Steiner, Haworth & Barnes. In 1835 the Peels retired and Church Bank Print Works was bought by Frederick Steiner, and by the 1840s it had been divided into three portions; a print works leased back to the younger Peels, a chemical works run by James Haworth (-1848) (see below) and a Turkey Red dye works operated by Steiner himself. In 1851 it employed 450 people. Steiner had taken the whole of the Church Bank works back into his hands by 1860, and major extensions were made in the 1870s and 1880s. By this time they were covering the whole range of Turkey Red dying, bleaching and calico printing. In 1897 Frederick Steiner & Co Ltd was formed, with G E Nuttall as MD. The company was very successful until the receivers came in 1935 but they survived until 1955. Church Bank works was then demolished and the site redeveloped.

Frederick Steiner was an important figure; a Huguenot who escaped to England in 1817 from Napoleonic persecution; he was thoroughly skilled in the business of bleaching, dying and calico printing.

During the 1790s Haworth, Peel and Yates also developed another print works in Oswaldtwistle ...

Foxhill Bank Print Works.

The Foxhill Bank Print Works in Oswaldtwistle was originally set up by Richard Brewer in 1780 again on the probable site of an earlier fulling mill. The Foxhill area was between the Tinker Brook and White Ash Brook. In addition to the Foxhill Bank print works, chemicals and dye works were established throughout the 19th century. The earliest of these was Tom Knitter bleach works, which was in existence by 1822. This was soon followed by Bridge End Works in 1830.
Peels operated the site in the 1790s and Simpsons from 1813, employing both water and steam power. Pigot’s directory of 1828 lists Foxhill Bank as a ‘Calico Printers of Simpson, Haigh and Company’. Foxhill remained calico printers and in 1831 it was leased for seven years to Thomas Coates. In 1834 the Calico Printer listed in Pigot was ‘Coates, Thomas & Co’. The Simpsons returned in 1837 until the 1850s. Fortunes and tenants ebbed and flowed and from 1891 Frederick Steiner became involved. The firm remained successful until the 1920s but went into voluntary liquidation in the 1950s. Foxhill Bank was still in use as a bleach works until 1958 but was cleared in the late 1970s.

Clearly Robert Peel, early in his commercial career, combined in his mills new technology for cotton carding & spinning developed by James Hargreaves, and the chemical technologies associated with dyestuffs, mordents and calico bleaching & printing. These latter were the technologies absorbed by Jonathan Haworth from his Dutch mates in London which transformed the Lancashire textile industry.

Mike Rothwell summarised the complexity of the chemical businesses associated with the textile trade. And David Hogg summarised an unfortunate externality -

'The streams were quickly polluted by effluent from the mills, and at Church the making of size from dead animal carcases, the dung pits of the print works, the boiling of blood at the dye works and the sharp eye stinging smells of the alkali plant were all the subject of a court case in 1840'.

Robert Peel (1723-95) & Elizabeth Haworth (1723-96) had 7 sons and a daughter. The 3rd son Robert Peel (1750-1830) in 1783 married Ellen Yates (-1768), the daughter of the original founder. It was young Robert, who in 1770 joined the two elder partners (his uncle Jonathan Haworth & William Yates) and established the new partnership Haworth, Peel & Yates in Bury. The Bury firm became one of the most extensive in the trade, young Robert was a smart cookie. Robert & Ellen not only benefitted from a flourishing new business in Bury but also had an elder son of repute ... Sir Robert Peel (1788-1850) ... Prime Minister!

After the early collaboration with the Peels, Jonathan Haworth set up a business at Mill Hill in Stakes, Blackburn with his nephew and sons ...

Mill HillCotton Works

The 'Cotton Town' website suggested that the Mill Hill cotton factory had been overlooked in the historical record. The factory was established about 1780 by Jonathan Haworth of Haworth, Peel, Yates and operated for thirty years or more with fluctuating fortunes. Mill Hill was originally an extensive calico printing business situated on the bank of the River Darwen at Stakes, where Livesey and Blackburn are bounded by the river.

Around 1785 the partners were -

William Haworth (1751-81), the son of Edmund Haworth (1727-59)

Edmund Haworth (1764-1855) and John Haworth (1765-), the sons of Jonathan Haworth (1736-86)

The Mill Hill business were in difficulties in 1781 ... in 1783 Mill Hill assets were up for sale ...

At some stage, perhaps 1785-90, the Haworths added a factory for cotton spinning to their Print Works. By the 1790's Mill Hill Works included a three storey water powered spinning mill with 26 spinning frames, printshops and workers' cottages. A warehouse and penciling shop was sited on King Street, Blackburn. But in 1799, the firm were in difficulties again, and had to make an assignment for the benefit of their creditors. The three members of the firm at that date were Edmund, John and Jonathan Haworth. The Works were offered for sale by public auction on the 30th of January 1800 ... in 1800 a dividend was possible ...

The new owners were William & Robert Turner and John Noble. The Tuners operated the firm until 1842. Robert Turner, calico printer, of Mill Hill Works, Livesey, died, aged 77, in 1811. The works closed in 1843 with the death of William Turner and the estate was acquired by Joseph Eccles, cotton spinner of Jubilee Mill.

Jonathan Haworth (1736-86) was at the heart of the early printing innovations in Lancashire and was the best bet as the inspiration for the Haworth bone business in Oswaldtwistle which probably began with the production of tallow & size for the calico printers Haworth, Peel & Yates ... but which Haworths got into the bone business and when?... and how was Jonathan connected to John Haworth (1824-98), the John of Vine House, who's sons Herbert & Walter made glue at Appley Bridge?

John of Vine House - Vine House was clearly marked on the 1892 map of the Brookside complex - The Lancashire Historic Town Survey Church & Oswaldtwistle suggested that there were a number of higher status dwellings built in the nineteenth century in Oswaldtwistle & Church, and that most were the homes of mill owners -
- On the south-east side of Oswaldtwistle was Rhyddings Hall, built in 1853 by Robert Watson of Rhyddings Mill. The house was demolished in the 1930s, and only the coachman’s house, lodge, folly and stable block survive in the former grounds of the hall, now Rhyddings Park. Watson also built houses at 1-19 Rhyddings Street in 1861 for his mill managers and foremen. These are of substantially better quality than most workers’ housing, as demonstrated by par-point masonry and projecting gables.
- Hollin Bank House on Blackburn Road, built c1850 by William Bury of Foxhill Bank Printworks;
- Foxhill Bank House, built c1848 by Bury for the widow of his partner, James Simpson;
- the Chestnuts and Foxhill Bank Hall, the latter erected by Simpson;
- Paddock House built c1835 in the classical style by the Walmsleys of Moscow Mill;
- Moscow House in Frederick Street;
- Grove House in New Lane, the home of Jonathan Westall of White Ash Mill; and
- Vine House which was occupied in 1861 by John Haworth, one of the first subscribers to the Vine Mill Company.
Comparable properties in Church were -
- Holland Bank House which was occupied by 1861 by William Blythe of Holland Bank Chemical Works;
- Plane Tree House, owned by Joseph Barnes of Dunkenhalgh pit, which was sold in 1862 and became a private school;
- Elmfield Hall, Hyndburn Road which by 1861 was occupied by Frederick Gatty, one of Steiner’s partners at Church Bank Works.
Of all these only Hollin Bank House, which is now a care home, Moscow House, which is now a public house, and Vine House still stand.

Fiona Hall family 50

Sometime before 1849 John and Moses Haworth had a glue business in Church ... J & M Haworth, Glue, Oil and Tallow Agents. In 1849 Moses left the business but John Haworth continued ... these likely lads were probably cousins both born around 1824 ... and John was to become big in bones, he was John of Vine House ... it appeared they may have followed John's elder brother Reuben into bones, Reuben was an agent with John Everth, of Appley Bridge ...

Henry Haworth (1757-<1841) and Rebecca Hindle (1761-1844) were married in Haslingden in 1785. They had three children -

Betty (1787-)

John Haworth (1790-1827). John had a son John (1824-98) of Vine House. See below.

Nancy (1792-). Nancy was unmarried and had a son, Moses (1822/6-82) and daughter Mary Ann (1829/31-). Moses was baptised in Church in 1822. And Mary Ann was baptised in 1929 at Church.

In the 1841 census Henry had died; Rebecca was a Housekeeper living at Alleytroyds, Whalley, Church with Nancy and Moses & Mary ... and John Haworth (1827-) ... her three teen age grandchildren ... John of Vine House

In 1849 Moses married Alice Armstead (1821-73) in Blackburn. They had two surviving daughters Betsy (1854-) and Mary Ellen (1856-) ... Betsy married Thomas Pickles in 1886. Mary Ellen married George William Tootle in 1884.

By 1851 Moses, a Print Works Labourer, and Alice were living at Chapel Row, Oswaldtwistle with son James (1850-2) and 'lodger' Mary Ann (1831-), Moses's sister who was a Weaver.

Moses was not found in the 1861 census.

In 1869 a Moses Haworth had gone into the cotton business with Henry Taylor. The firm appeared in The Manchester Commercial list in 1871 as Haworth and Taylor ... but this was another Moses born in 1849, a Cotton Spinner, from Livesey.

In 1871 Moses, a Carrier, and Alice were living at Chapel Street, Oswaldtwistle with Betsy and Mary Ellen.

By 1881 Moses, a Beer Seller, had married Hannah Wilkinson neé Carter (1824-94) and they were living at 61 Beer House, Oswaldtwistle, Mary Ellen was with them plus a host of Yates ... nephews & nieces.

Moses Haworth died in 1882.

John Haworth (1790-1827) was born in Haslingden, the son of Henry Haworth (1757-<1841) and Rebecca Hindle (1761-1844). John was a printer.

John married Jane Archer (-) of Accrington in 1812 or Jane Ashworth (-) of Haslingden in 1811??

Reuben (1813-62) was born in Oswaldtwistle, Lancs. He was baptised on 18th July 1813, St James', Church, Lancs. He died in Ormskirk in 1862.
In 1841 Reuben was a Calico Printer living at Pole Field, Eccles, Pendleton. He married Anne Stonehewer (-) in Prestwich in 1835 and they had three children -

John (1836-) was baptised in Eccles in 1836. See the Haworth's of Westhoughton.
Mary Jane (1838-) was baptised in Pendleton in 1838. She married ?? Woodhead (-). They had a grandson Job (1859-).
Elizabeth (1840-) married William Walkden (-) of Manchester in 1865 in Southport.

In 1851 he was a Practical Chemist, living at 1 Howard Street, Byker, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, with Ann, Mary j and Elizabeth ... John was not with them.

In 1856 Reuben was the proprietor of the Appley Bridge bone manure works ...

1856 found Reuben supplying manures and offering prizes at the local agricultural show in Wigan.

In 1860 a few years before he died, Rueben was still peddling manures at Skipton ... Peruvian guano ...

In 1861 he was a Corn Factor living at 89 Lord Street, North Meols, Southport, with Ann and unmarried John, a Gasfitter, and Elizabeth. Mary Jane's young 2 year old son Job Woodhead was with them.

Reuben died in Southport in 1862 at only 48 years old, he was a Brewer at the time ... skills he passed onto his son John (1836-)

Reuben Haworth, Founder of the Wigan Corn Exchange (1856) oil painting by T J Baldwin.

Cornelius (1815-82) was born in Stanhill, Oswaldtwistle, Lancs. He was baptised on 17th September 1815, St James'.
Cornelius married Susanna Booth (1817-) from Brinscall, Lancs, on 14th August 1836 in St Mary's, Blackburn, Lancs.

In 1841 he was a Labourer in Oswaldtwistle living at Baron Stile, Oswaldtwistle, with Susanna and 3 year old Jane ... and his in laws John & Jane Booth.

He went into the bone and size business in Lower Darwen as Haworth & Coyle, sometime before 1848 when his partnership with George Coyle and Henry Deighton was dissolved. Henry Deighton continued with the business.

In 1851 he was a Gelatine Maker at Chemical Works, living at Manchester Road, Warrington, with wife Susanna and children Jane, Mary Ann & John.
Cornelius had a narrow escape in 1856, presumably still involved in business between Warrington and Wigan.

In 1861 he was a Size Maker, living at 42 Peel Street, Pendleton.

In 1871 he was a Chemical Agent, living at 20 Smithy Brook, Oswaldtwistle, with Susanna and 3 daughters ... John had left home

In 1881 he was a Phosphate Manure Agent staying with his daughter Mary Ann Starkey at 20 Ellison Street, Accrington.

Cornelius died in 1882. He was buried on 8th May 1882 in Mount Pleasant Chapel, Oswaldtwistle, Lancs.

Susanna appeared in the census in 1891 living at 4 Tanpits Road. She died in 1894 and was buried on 11th January 1894 in Mount Pleasant Chapel.

Cornelius & Susannah had the following children -

Jane (1838/42- ) born in Oswaldtwistle.
Mary Ann (1846-1900) born in Leigh. Married John William Starkie in 1879 in St James', Accrington,
John (1848-1873) born in Accrington.
Matilda (1856-)

Mary (1818- ) was born in Stanhill. She was baptised on 18th June 1818, St James', Church.

Sarah (1821-) was born at Moor End, Oswaldtwistle, Lancs. She was baptised on 6th May 1821, St James'.

John Haworth (1824-98) was born on November 24th 1824 at Moor End. He was baptised on 9th January 1825, St James'. Known later as John of Vine House ... confusingly another John Haworth (1825-90), John of Moor End, was born in Oswaldtwistle, son of Richard Haworth and Catherine Whittaker. He died in 1890 at Moor End House. See below.
More confusion because John of Moor End was 'closely associated' with John of Vine House ...

Fiona Hall family 72

John Haworth (1824-98) was born at Smithy Brook on November 24th 1824.

John's obituary confirmed his dad died before his memory & mum died when he was about 6; he was brought up by Rebecca his Gran.

John's dad, John Haworth of Smithy Brook, was buried Feb 13th 1827, at Accrington Union Methodist (grave 167).

John's mum, Jane Howarth of Smithy Brook, widow of John, was buried May 26th 1831 at Accrington Union Methodist (grave 167).

This confirmed Fiona Hall's Families 50 & 72, were the same family!

At 7 years he went to work for Thomas Simpson at The Foxhill Print Works.

In the 1841 census John was living with his grandmother Rebecca at Alleytroyds, Whalley, Church. Also there was his cousin Moses (1822/6-82). Both John & Moses were working as Labourers ...

At so stage John moved to a chemical works in Renfrew, Glasgow. This was training and enterprise; Stuart Nisbet explained why Renfrewshire became a centre for calico bleaching and printing before Lancashire! Interestingly ... William Blythe (1813-) of the Holland Bank Works was from Scotland (see below), he was a partner at The Church Bank Works before establishing Holland Bank Works in 1845 ... the works had an office at 95 Bath Street, Glasgow. The Glasgow / Church links were multiple?

And another chemical works at Hulme, Manchester.

John married Alice Tattersall (1826-) from Oswaldtwistle, in Blackburn, in 1848 when he was 24.

Then in 1851 he was at a chemical works in Paddington, Warrington.

In 1851 census John was a Sulphate Indigo Maker, living at Manchester Road, Warrington. Brother-in-law William Tattersall was living with them.

The family returned to Oswaldtwistle and John worked initially at Tom Knitter Bridge Bone (?) Works.
Rothwell's book on the local industrial heritage identifies the Tom Knitter Bridge Bleach Works in Oswaldtwistle which can be seen on an 1894 map. It was associated with Foxhill Bank Print Works from 1822. The works may well have been started earlier by Haworth, Peel, Yates & Co. Later in 1875 John was involved with the formation of a paper company (see below), the plan was to convert the Tom Knitter Bridge Bleach Works to paper making but things didn't work out. Bleaching was reintroduced in 1884 but ended in 1887 when the site was sold to Steiner. Tinker Brook runs under the buildings and the arched, stone culvert remained in 1993.

John Haworth's return to Oswaldtwistle spawned some significant initiatives.

In 1856 John started a small indigo refining works with Edward Brook at Brookside Works. In 1862 The Chemical News & Journal of Industrial Science commented on the partnership of Haworth and Brook as manufacturers of dyestuffs and The World Paper Trade Review confirimed in 1898 that this was the company of John of Vine House ...

In the 1861 census John was described as a Manufacturing Chemist, living at Vine House, Oswaldtwistle, with Alice, 35, John Charles Henry, 9, Frederick George, 7, Herbert, 3, Emily Jane, 3 months and a couple of student visitors and a couple of servants ... the detached villa, Vine House was erected in 1858 ... Edward Brook left the Brookside chemical works in 1863 and became associated with big progress in the aniline dye business ...

But bigger things were afoot at Brookside ... in 1865 the chemical works was let to John & Jonathan Haworth (apparently no relation, see Family 18 below) ... and John went into cotton and invested big time ... Mike Rothwell described the ambitious Brookside Mill ... in 1871 Brookside Mill had flourished and John was 46 now described as a cotton manufacturer employing 270 hands in Oswaldtwistle. Alice was 45 and they had two servants - Annie Taylor 21, and Lavina Wheeler 20, both from Oswaldtwistle. Still living at Smithy Brook (Vine House), Oswaldtwistle. John was known as 'John of Vine House'.

Nevertheless John had never left the bone business and in 1873, 17 years after the indigo investment, John established the Nook Bone Works, close to Brookside on Nook Lane. Was this the 'original' bone business that became 'The Grove Chemical Company, Appley Bridge, founded 1856'? ... Mike Rothwell, 'Nook Works, started in 1873 as a bone crushing works by John Haworth of Brookside Mill, and worked by his sons until 1879'.

In 1886 the Nook Lane Bone Works was operated by Hindle Rhodes & Co, who were still going in 1904 as Kelley's Directory lists Hindle, Rhodes & Co at Nook Works, Oswaldtwistle. At some stage prior to 1921 (when the business was in receivership) it was taken over by James Prescott, as confirmed by a splendid advert in Mike Rothwell's book ...

John also had a glue works at White Ash Mills. Originally a twin site cotton mill, probably built by William Hargreaves in 1816. After Hargreaves went bust in 1824 James Bury took over. Mike Rothwell suggested that in 1865 part of the site was converted to a chemical works by John Haworth of Vine House. And in 1875 most of the factory became a paper works ...

In 1875 the Church Paper Company was formed ... the announcement indicated John, 51, was a cotton manufacturer, young son Herbert, 17, was still in Oswaldtwistle and son Frederick George,21, was running the glue operation ... at some stage John also became an investor in The North of Ireland Paper Co, Balyclare.

In 1907 A Dykes Spicer MA wrote in 'The Paper Trade: A Descriptive & Historical Survey of the Paper Trade from the Commencement of the 19th Century' - 'An exceedingly important factor among Irish mills is the North of Ireland Paper Company. Their Ballyclare Mill was started about 1834. For some time a vat mill, the date of the introduction of machines is uncertain. A plentiful supply of water and reasonably cheap labour were the reasons guiding the choice of location, for there were no special facilities in carriage either of the raw material or manufactured article, and the coal needed had to be imported from England or Scotland. All kinds of raw material have on different occasions been worked and papers of various classes produced, but principally printings, engine-sized writings, news, cartridge, and parchments, and since 1870 there have been four machines added, and the total output has increased from some 5 to 180 tons per week.
Rags, esparto, and flax have all been worked, and within the last ten years small quantities of wood-pulp to meet the demand for lower qualities of paper. At the present time the raw material is almost entirely confined to linen and cotton cuttings and old rags. Up to 1879 printings and tub-sized writings were the only papers made, but since 1881 the variety has largely increased'.

In 1876 after 10 years of Haworth operation the Brookside Mill, at Little Moore End, Oswaldtwistle was leased by John of Vine House to Samuel Tomlinson. A year later in 1877 the Brookside Mill lease was assigned to Thompson Hampson Brown although John's son Herbert was still involved around 1880. It appeared there were other fish to fry ... not only paper making but also the bone business was apparently attractive and by 1888 the Haworth glue & manure business had moved to Appley Bridge ... nevertheless cotton operations continued ...

In 1871 John Haworth was, perhaps, involved in the Hippingsvale Cotton Spinning & Manufacturing Co Ltd, Oswaldtwistle ... incorporated in 1861 this was one of the first joint stock companies, a new era was starting the old family firms became disadvantage in the search for investment capital ...

In 1874 John was one of the first subscribers to the new 'Vine Spinning Company' who erected a mill adjacent to Brookside Mill in 1875/6.

In 1878 riots in Oswaldtwistle were reported in The Manchester Evening News; John Howarth at Vine House was a target for the mobs. In 1879 the industry was in hard times.

In 1882 John was, perhaps, still in the cotton industry with George Hampson, Albion Mill, Accrington?

In 1882 John and the family escaped to Southport. Was it time to sell out?

In 1893 Brookside Mill and Vine House were up for sale. John was now in Southport and in failing health, his sons Herbert & Walter were focused at the Appley Bridge business which was incorporated in 1895, and eldest son Frederick George was an established surgeon in London.

John died in at Ambleside on 5 Jun 1898, he was 74. The death was was reported in the Liverpool Echo. His obituary in the Accrington Observer and Times included a summary of his business involvements but did not mention his investments in paper mills.

The obituary explained that John of Vine House was 'closely associated with

- John Haworth of Moor End

- Thomas Nuttall who went to America

- Rev Marshall Randles, President Wesleyan Conference

These formed a coterie of close friends for purpose of mutual improvement' ... and the presence of John of Moor End make disentangling their business interests a challenge ...

John & Alice had the following children -

John Charles Henry (1851-91) was born on 24 Nov 1851 in Pilkington. John Charles Henry was baptized at Mount Pleasant on 2 Apr 1852. 1871 census John Charles was 19 and a Bookkeeper at Cotton Mill in Oswaldtwistle. John Charles died in Southport in1891, late of 'Vine House' and predeceased his father & mother.

Joseph (Died as Infant). Born on 23 Aug 1852. Joseph was baptized at Mount Pleasant on 26 Sep 1852.

Frederic George (1854-1928). 1871 census records Frederick George at 17 as a Bookkeeper at a Cotton Mill in Oswaldtwistle.
Occupation: In 1881 he was a Medical Student, in 1891 he was a Physician and Surgeon and in 1901 he was a Surgeon living at 188 Duckworth Street, Darwen with his widowed mum, Alice, as a visitor. In 1888 Frederick George married Sarah Helen Taylor (1859-) from Oldham.

Elizabeth Alice (Died as Infant). Born on the 14th of July 1855. Elizabeth Alice was baptized at Mount Pleasant on 24th of August 1855.

Herbert (1858-1923). See below.

Emily Jane (1860-1950) 1871 census Emily Jane was 10 and a scholar in Oswaldtwistle. In 1883 she married J B Cooper an Accrington Tailor. Both Mr & Mrs J B Cooper became Directors of The Grove Chemical Company when incorporated in 1895.

Walter (1863-). See below.

Herbert Haworth (1858-1923) was born on 23 May 1858 in Oswaldtwistle. Herbert was baptized at Mount Pleasant on 13 Jun 1858. In 1880 when Herbert was 21, he married Betsy Jane Morris, in Wigan. Betsy was born in 1858 in Atherton.

1871 census Herbert was 12 and a scholar at school in Oswaldtwistle.

1891 occupation was a Chemical Manufacturer, living at Wrightington, Chorley.

1901 a Glue Manufacturer, living in Southport.

Herbert & Betsy had the following children -

Charles Ernest. Born in 1882 in Oswaldtwistle.

Sydney Maurice. Born in 1885 in Eccleston, Chorley. Sydney Maurice died in Wigan in 1921, he was 36.

Horace John. Born in 1887 in Eccleston.
In 1924 when Horace John was 37, he married Edith Hill, in Ormskirk.

Ted Herbert[xviii]. Born in 1891 in Wrigtington.
May have had double wedding with sister Rachael as same page in Registration Book.
In 1917 when Ted Herbert was 26, he married Margaret McArdle, in Christ Church, Douglas.

Rachael Alice Gladys (1893-)

Rachael Alice Gladys Haworth was born in 1893 in Appley Bridge, Wrightington.
Rachael & Ted may have had a double wedding as their marriages were on the same page in Registration Book!
In 1917 when Rachael Alice Gladys was 24, she married Ivan Lindley Waddell, in Christ Church, Douglas.
They had one child -
- Peter L who was born in 1919 in Wigan.

Walter Haworth From 'The Wigan Courier' April 13 1923 - Death of Mr Herbert Haworth, formerly of Harrock Hill, Parbold, in his 66th year.

Walter Haworth (1863-) was born on 21 Nov 1863 in Oswaldtwistle. Walter was baptized at Mount Pleasant on 13 Dec 1863.

1871 aged 7 and a scholar in Oswaldtwistle.

1881 boarding as a Student Pharmaceutical (Chemist) with George Bosham, Chemist, Druggist & Dentist & Postmaster at Stockport Road, Levenshulme.

1891 Chemical Manufacturer, at Wrightington, Chorley with Herbert.

1901 Glue Manufacturer, at 31 Church Street, Southport with Herbert.

1851 - Poulton, Warrington. 1871 - Vine House, Oswaldtwistle.1891 - North Meols, Southport.

1901 - Over Darwen with son Frederick. His occupation was described as a Manufacturing Chemist.

1911 - Bloomsbury

Walter Haworth - Age: 65 Abode: 81 Broad o'th Lane Buried by: P R Grove. Vicar. Burial: 30 Jan 1945 St Paul, Astley Bridge, Bolton, Lancashire, England?

Herbert Haworth and Walter Haworth became directors of British Glues & Chemicals from 1920. From 'British Glues & Chemicals' registration documents in 1920 'Herbert' & 'Walter' Haworth had the same address - Harrock Hill, Mawdesley, Nr Ormskirk, Lancs.

Globe Chemicals John Haworth (1825-90), John of Moor End, was a County Councillor and the proprietor of The Globe Chemical Works and died aged 64 in 1890. His father was Richard Haworth (1798-1866) who in 1822 married Catherine Whittaker.

Jonathan Haworth (1819-87) was John's cousin. His father was Jonathan Haworth (1789-1865) who in 1810 married Ann (Nancy).

John & Jonathan were business partners and moved into the indigo refinery at The Brookside Chemical Works in 1865 and in 1871 they built The Globe Chemical Works. The Globe was on the site of a much older copperas works, foundry & size works, to the west of market street, established in the early 1820's by Robert Anderson & W Jackson.

They were cousins and shared the same granddad - Richard Haworth (-) who in 1787 married Isabella Birtwistle (-1835) a great Methodist reformer.

John Haworth (1825-90) & Catherine had a daughter Catherine (-) who married Christopher J Whittaker ( -). Christopher and his brother-in-law Walter Bryant went on to run Globe Chemicals after John died. The Whittaker / Bryant partnership was dissolved in 1902.

Kelly's Trade Directory 1895 still listed - Haworth J & Co, Globe Chemical Works, Market Street. Chemists Manufacturing. Indigo Refiners. Soap Boilers. Drysalters.

Board of Trade Journal 1899 Grace's Guide confirmed the Haworths were indigo refiners; blue & red carmine of indigo (extracts as powder & paste).

In 1899 the Globe Works was taken over by United Indigo Co Ltd in 1899 and closed in 1903. Various firms occupied the site after this date including sewage engineers, card printers (1903-18) and polish makers, Globe Chemical Co 1911-15 and Phoenix Chemical Co Ltd 1915-25. Operations ended in 1925 and the buildings were sold to John Wilson who ran Iceland Freezer Co. Crisp making took place on the site after 1949. Remains include large three and two storey blocks of built machine brick, there are ruins to the west of Market Street and a low building on Blackburn Road may incorporate part of the original copperas works.

There were other Haworths involved in chemicals in Oswaldtwistle.

James Haworth (-1848) was identified by David Hogg as 'a member of an old yeoman family. He and his brother were bookkeepers at the Peel works in early life. In 1923 the church roisterers described him as a merchant and in 1824 a directory entry gave a James Haworth & Company, Madder Hill, Coppy Clough. The chemical works was probably started by Haworth, Peel & Yates before the canal was built, the 1893 map identified the location. James was obviously another of that able group of men who began life working for the Peels and subsequently branched out on their own'.

In 1841 James was living at Church Bridge, Accrington. He had two sons Henry (-) and George (-). In 1839 Henry the eldest son married Mary (-1878) the youngest daughter of the late James Bury of White Ash. This may have been a 'dynastic' marriage as Henry & Mary were obviously the children of prominent businessmen. William Bury was the partner of James Simpson at Foxhill Print Works. James's eldest daughter married Christopher Bradley, a surgeon, of Accrington in 1837. His extensive estate included the Commercial Inn in Church ... Fiona Hall explains that the reason James did not feature in her website was because he lived at Church Bridge and this came under Accrington. In 1851 and 1861 Henry and Mary are in Hapton and by 1871 they had moved to LLanbedr in Wales. Mary died there in 1878 and was buried at Church Kirk. Henry
seems to have died by 1891 and some of the children - Mary Louisa, Adela and James Bury decamp to Longton where James Bury died in 1900. None of this family lived in Ossy or Church, though Henry admited to Church as a birth place in 1881 ...

In 1821 Frederick Steiner set up business with James Haworth (-1848) and Joseph Barnes. In 1835 Steiner purchased the Haworth, Peel & Yates calico print works at Church Bank and in 1836 the original Steiner, Haworth & Barnes, Manufacturing Chemist partnership was dissolved. The business was split three ways - Steiner himself concentrated on Turkey Red dye, the print works was leased back to the Peels and James Haworth & Joseph Barnes continued with the chemicals. The 1821 business was one of the first references to a Haworth Chemical Business in Church. William Blythe was a minor partner in this firm before he established The Holland Bank Chemical Works in 1845.

Church Chemical Factory In 1838 it appeared a colliery operated by Messrs Haworth & Barnes was involved in a fatal accident. They were also in the middle of fires at Chemical Works which occurred with uncontrollable regularity. In 1847 a Mr Boardman was also involved in the firm. The James Haworth & Joseph Barnes partnership operating collieries, quarries and Manufacturing Chemists was dissolved in 1847 when Barnes was paid out and the business continued to be run as Messrs Haworth & Sons, Chemical Manufacturers in Church where they were confronted by a distracting problem of theft of valuable copper and lead.

In 1849 there was a court case concerning a Chemical Works at Church, but this time the defendants were the partners ... William Blythe, Henry & John Haworth, Abraham & John Berry and William Thomas Benson. This works was The Holland Bank Chemical Works which manufactured chemicals for the textile industry.

The site was on the opposite side of the canal to John Haworth's Chemical Works at Church which was up for sale in 1856. The sale notice identifies the factory, between the railway, canal and Blackburn to Accrington Road; still marked as Chemical Works on the 1893 map ...

William Blythe (1813-) was from Kirkaldy, Scotland and studied chemistry at Glasgow & Manchester University. In 1835 he worked at The Church Bank Works for Messrs Haworth & Barnes, before establishing the Holland Bank Works in 1845, as Blythe & Benson. He was the most important of the manufacturing chemists.

There was court case concerning a Chemical Works at Church in 1854; The defendant was Mr Joseph Barnes the proprietor of a colliery just across the canal; The Aspen Colliery? Henry & George Haworth were the sons of James Haworth (-1848).

Later over 1,200 tons of plant & equipment from Church made a good price as scrap when sold in 1859 after a Chancery decree ... and in 1862 the Haworth Chemical Works was finally up for sale again ... the notice identified lease holders were formerly Messrs Haworth & Barnes and latterly Messrs James Haworth & sons.

But which Haworth family did James Haworth (-1848) belong to?

In 1864 John Haworth was a Manufacturing Chemist in Church near Accrington, acting as a trustee. But which John Haworth? Haworth was a common name and Oswaldtwistle boasted 'many' John Haworths ...

In 1896 Timothy Gorton, Giles Haworth & Moses Haworth were involved in 'pitch & loss' and a strange court case in Blackburn ...

Dates -

1774 - Scheele, chlorine and chemical bleaching.

1800 - population Oswaldtwistle 2,710; Church 323. 1831 - population Oswaldtwistle 5,897; Church 979. 1841 population Oswaldtwistle 6,655; Church 1,545. 1861 population Oswaldtwistle 9,246; Church 3,208.

1810 - Leeds Liverpool Canal.

1818 - Power Weaving.

'Chemistry of Calico Printing, Dyeing, and Bleaching: including silken woollen, and mixed goods, practical and theoretical' by Charles O'Neill, Dunnill, Palmer & Co, 1860.

'Accrington Captains of Industry' by R S Crossley,1930.

'A History of Church & Oswaldtwistle' by David Hogg, Accrington & District Local History Society 1760-1860 and 1860-1914, 1971 & 1973.

'Industrial Heritage: A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Oswaldtwistle' by Michael Rothwell, Hyndburn, 1980.

Lancashire Historic Town Survey Programme, Oswaldtwistle & Church - Historic Town Assessment Report - June 2005.

The Oswaldtwistle School, Oswaldtwistle - Archaeological Desk-based Assessment - Oxford Archaeology North - June 2010.

Fiona Hall's impressive website which covers the details of this extensive family - The Haworths of Oswaldtwistle & Church ...

Cotton Town Blackburn & Darwen - a wonderful resource packed with information ...

0. Introduction

1. ARTHUR JOSIAH PARKES

2. World War 1 Service

3. HOME GUARD DOCUMENTS

4. AJ Parkes Travelogue

5. WADDELL FAMILY

Peter Waddell

Waddell Family of Ireland

Peter Waddell’s Businesses

6. THE MOORE FAMILY

Moore Generation 2

Moore Generation 3

Moore Generation 4

Moore Generation 5

Moore Generation 6

Moore Generation 7

Moore Generation 8

7. THE BALDWIN FAMILY

Baldwin Generation 2

Baldwin Generation 3

Baldwin Generation 4

Baldwin Generation 5

Baldwin Generation 6

Baldwin Generation 7

Baldwin Generation 8

Baldwin Generation 9

8. HAWORTH FAMILY of Gladys Waddell

9. CHANGES & FOOTNNOTS